Maeda AMS. ,/ pollen influx ++5, km +5* cal BP 352 35* ++5+ 352 cal BP 35* /5. cal BP

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1 The Quaternary Research.2 / p. -/+ -0- Oct.,**3,a * * * + +, ++5+** 352** cal BP 352** 35*** cal BP 35*** /5.** cal BP /5.**,53** cal BP,53** +5,** cal BP +5,** -** cal BP -** cal BP : I + Maeda ,2 AMS,**/ pollen influx Maeda II +5.**, km, ++5,** km + +5*** m,**3 + +3,**3 /,- * + *, //22/2/ *02/,, + / * a Corresponding author : kitagawa@sci.osaka-cu. ac. jp

2 352 Oct.,**3 III km, +/ , +-/,+,,433 +, +/ +.4.* m + * +5.** mm,04// m,04// +5.** +50** mm, +50**,5*** mm m -24// m +**,**/ +32* -24//,34// m 2,* m +313 Unit + :,34//,,41* m.** m Unit, :,,41* +140* m +33+ Unit - : +140* * m,34// m Unit +, Unit,, Unit - Unit + / Unit + a :,3.//,/. 0* m Unit + b :,/40*,,42* m Unit, + Maeda Fig. + Sampling point of Yumeshima-oki core, Maeda ( +310 ) and Furutani ( +313), Osaka Bay

3 ,**3 +* 353 Unit, a :,,40*,+4// m Unit, b :,+4// +140* m charcoal influx Unit - Unit - a : +140* *40* m Unit - b : *40* * m +.41* m KAh : +312,,34// m,34//,/40* m,,,/40, Fig., Stratigraphy and age-depth relationship of Yumeshima-oki core (* to -* m in depth) from Osaka Bay

4 354 Oct.,**3 24,* m /* cm,2 24,* m,/ cm, , * m+,4/ cm ,4, cm YS+ YS1 -,**. YS+,24, +34, m, cc +1*5*** Quercus subgen. Lepidobalanus grainml microsphere + ml Ogden -,4* /+4/ Carpinus * 3* +.4, Fagus crenata * * +2* mm Fagus japonica *41 /4+ 1* +* 3* - Alnus Gramineae,34. /04/.** +-4/ ** Cyperaceae, Artemisia monolete type +32* a, b spores,4334. trilete type spores ,**1 YS, m, cc / -/41,040,. CeltisoAphananthe /43.2 +,/ mm +,/ mm +34* +,/ mm +,/ mm +.4* -4- /,..2 +,/ mm +,/ mm +,/ mm YS- +/4, +,43 m +, Quercus subgen. Cyclobalanopsis +,/ mm, +,.-,+.- Castanopsis +,/ mm Castanea, ,/ mm microsphere + ml 1* +* +,/ mm + Sciadopitys,. -4/ +,4/ Abies Tsuga,,** microsphere,/* +/43,* UlmusoZelkova * Rhodes, +332 YS. +,4/ 342 m IV -*4, ,4/ +243

5 ,**3 +* 355 -, Fig. - Percentage diagram of main pollen and spore in Yumeshima-oki core Pollen and spore percentages are based on total arboreal pollen counts. Two genera joined with a hyphen means that these genera resembled each other morphologically.

356 Oct.,**3 14+ +*4- - -4. m --4/, Chenopodiaceae, +4, /42 YS/ 34, /4. m +4/ +34- +240-+40 YS1 +4/ * m +-41,,43 +41 /4* /0411+4+ -4. 24/ Cryptomeria24+ +141 Cupressaceae type +4/ 14* YS0 +.41 +4* /4.

6 356 Oct.,** * m --4/, Chenopodiaceae, +4, /42 YS/ 34, /4. m +4/ YS1 +4/ * m +-41,, /4* / / Cryptomeria Cupressaceae type +4/ 14* YS * /4.,+4. Cruciferae YS0 / m +04- Pinus +,4+.*4+, YS/,/4* +04- m,50**, +, +050** graincm yr 250** graincm. - Fig.. Pollen andcharcoal influx diagram of the Yumeshima-oki core Shaded region of microscopic charcoal is tripled from original values.

7 ,**3 +* 357 +, yr m grain cm yr +. +/4, +53**, + m graincm yr, +40,51** /4+,+5***.43 m m grain cm + yr,/4* +333, +,-4+ m /50** 252** grain cm yr, + 051** graincm yr, m, + +5*** graincm yr +31,, + +/4, m +,* graincm yr,/4/ +142 m -5,**, +, +05-** grain cm yr 251** grain cm + yr, m.** graincm yr 14, m 0** -50** grain YS+ YS, YS- YS. YS/, +, + cm yr +50** graincm yr YS0 YS1 1 YS+ ++5+**, +,/4/ +142 m, -, graincm yr, + +1 graincm yr cal BP 350** yrs BP YS+ YS, 352** cal BP 35+** yrs BP YS, YS- 35*** cal BP 25-** yrs BP YS- YS. V /5.** cal BP /5-** yrs BP YS. YS/,53** cal BP -5*** yrs BP YS/ YS0 + +5,** cal BP +5/** yrs BP YS0 YS1 -** cal BP /** yrs BP YS+ ++5+** 352** cal BP : 350** 35+** yrs BP KAh R *5,** 35*** 25/** yrs BP +312 Lepidobalanus +*5*** 151** yrs BP +310 b +,5*** 353** yrs BP +32. Unit + a, Unit + b Whitlock and Larsen,**+ Unit, a, Unit, b,**2,**0,**/ ++5+** 35*** cal BP

8 358 Oct.,**3 05-** yrs BP +312Rb150** YS+ 05/** yrs BP +32. d 151** YS, 350** cal BP /5,** yrs BP,**,,**/,**+,**/ YS. YS YS, 352** 35*** cal BP : 35+** 25-** yrs 35*** cal BP BP Unit -a 35*** cal +312 Ra BP 35*** 25/** 150** yrs BP -,**/ *** yrs BP +5,** cal BP +313,**2,**0 YS. /5.**,53** cal BP : /5-** -5*** yrs BP MIC *** cal BP YS- 35*** /5.** cal BP : 25-** /5-** yrs BP +321 R +312 Cyclobalanopsis +310 ; +32+ e +32. KAh

9 ,**3 +* ,** cal BP ,,**. KAh /** yrs BP,*** +5,** cal BP /5-** /5*** cal BP /5.** cal BP +5,** cal BP YS/,53** +5,** cal BP : -5*** +5/** yrs BP YS1 -** cal BP : /** yrs BP Cyclobalanopsis +32+ e ;,**0,**/ +33+ YS0 +5,** -** cal BP : +5/** /** yrs BP +33,,**, +32- ; +33+ ; +331,**0,*** +32-, ** yrs BP +33- Maeda Maeda /

10 360 Oct.,**3 35*** /5.** cal BP -50** YS. YS/ /5.** +5,** cal BP : /5-** +5/** yrs BP Maeda +310 bc 05***,5*** yrs BP +313 F. Maeda Maeda / Maeda, +310 ; Fig. / YS0 +5,** -** cal BP : +5/** /** yrs BP Comparing pollen assemblage zones in this study to those in previous studies Maeda +310d (Maeda, +310 ;Furutani, +313) Sampling points of each study are shown in Fig. +.,5*** yrs BP +313 F/ YS1 -** cal BP : /** yrs BP YS+ ++5+** 352** cal BP : 350** 35+** yrs BP Maeda F0 Maeda b ++5*** +*5*** yrs BP +313 F Maeda +310 b Maeda, +310 YS, 352** 35*** cal BP : 35+** 25-** yrs BP VI Maeda +310 c +*5*** 15/** yrs BP +313 F, YS- 35*** /5.** cal BP : 25-** /5-** yrs ++5+** 352** cal BP BP Maeda 352** 35*** cal BP +310da15/** 05*** yrs BP *** F- YS /5.** cal BP F- KAh /5.**,53** Maeda +310 cal BP d a,53** +5,** Maeda +310 cal BP +5/** +5,** -** cal BP

11 ,**3 +* 361 :.*., -** cal BP ,+ p,**2 + +2,+-, : * +331-/ + B -/ + : : +0-.*+/1 :,*** -,11 : 2, , Maeda, Y. ( +310) Palynological study of the forest history in the coastal area of Osaka Bay since +.5***,**1 macro-charcoal BP. Journal of Geosciences, Osaka City University,,*, /33,. +/ 112..,**+,*** +- +*0.2,.22..* 31 +* ,**/ +15*** : / / + +,+ p ,**. +* :,+/,,- /* , C +32* /30 p +310, no. 1 +*+ ++,. -* +,, +.* : *

12 362 Oct.,**3 +32* a 2, , +/1 p * b p : /-0/ Ogden III, J.G. ( +320) An alternative to exotic spore or pollen addition in quantitative microfossil studies Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences,,-, +*, +* * /..,.1. : ,,**. - +/ : +3*,*,,**,,,,01,22. Whitlock, C. and Larsen, C. (,**+) Charcoal as a fire +313, proxy. Smol, J.P., Birks, H. J.B. and Last, W.M. (eds.) +** p Tracking environmental change using lake sediments,**, vol. -, terrestrial, algal, and siliceous indica- tors : 1/ 31, Kluwer Academic Publishers., +313,,- p 13 : -0+.+* +312,**/ +- +0,++,,3. 2. : -..+,**0 + +0,**0,,/,-*,**/ : 1- +** Rhodes, A.N. ( +332 ) A method for the preparation and quantification of microscopic charcoal from terrestrial +/ and lacustrine sediment cores. The Holocene,

13 ,**3 +* 363 Vegetation history in Osaka Bay watershed areas during the Holocene reconstructed from pollen analysis of Yumeshima-oki core, Osaka Bay, Japan +,a +, Yoichiro Kitagawa*, Shusaku Yoshikawa* and Hikaru Takahara* Vegetation changes in Osaka Bay watershed lucidophylous forests consisting mainly of areas during the Holocene were reconstructed Quercus subgen. Cyclobalanopsis and Castanopsis. using pollen records of a Yumeshima-oki core In zone YS. (/5.** to,53** cal BP), luci- drilled from the bottom of Osaka Bay, which is dophylous trees formed a climax forest. In +. dated minutely by C dating. Seven pollen as- zone YS / (,53** to +5,** cal BP), warm tempersemblage zones (YS+ to YS 1) were established ate conifers such as Tsuga, Sciadopitys, Cryptomeria based on fluctuations of typical taxa. In zone and Cupressaceae type increased and YS + ( ++5+** to 352** cal BP), cool-temperate lucidophylous forests rather declined. In zone deciduous broad-leaved forests dominated by YS 0 ( +5,** to -** cal BP), Pinus forests expanded Quercus subgen. Lepidobalanus and Carpinus and natural forests such as warm temperate flourished. In zone YS, ( 352** to 35*** cal BP), conifers and lucidophylous forests declined Celtis-Aphananthe forests expanded and cool- gradually. The decrease in the total arboreal temperate deciduous broad-leaved forests rather pollen influx suggests the slow decrease of fordeclined. In zone YS - ( 35*** to /5.** cal BP), ests. In zone YS 1 (-** cal BP to present), sparse Celtis-Aphananthe forests and cool-temperate Pinus forests and bald mountains expanded deciduous broad-leaved forests changed into rapidly. Keywords : pollen analysis, charcoal analysis, vegetation change, Holocene, Osaka Bay watershed areas * + Graduate School of Science, Osaka City University Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka, //22/2/, Japan. *, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto Prefectural University. +/ Kyoto, 0*02/,,, Japan. Hangi-cho, Shimogamo, Sakyo-ku, * a Corresponding author : kitagawa@sci.osaka-cu. ac. jp

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