Coordinated control of a doubly fed induction generator wind turbine with series grid-side converter under unbalanced grid voltage conditions

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1 ELECTRI C MACHINES AND CONTROL Vol. 14 No. 12 Dec DFIG doubly fed induction generators DFIG DFIG DFIG DFIG DFIG DFIG DFIG TM 614 A X Coordinated control of a doubly fed induction generator wind turbine with series grid-side converter under unbalanced grid voltage conditions YAO Jun LIAO Yong LI Hui State Key Laboratory of Power Transmission Equipment & System Security and New Technology Chongqing University Chongqing China Abstract The operation conditions of the doubly fed induction generator DFIG wind turbine with series grid-side converter under unbalanced grid voltage conditions are investigated in this paper. In order to restrain the unbalanced stator voltage and maintain the active power balance the control strategies for the and parallel grid-side converter GSC are proposed respectively. Compared with the traditional control scheme of the DFIG system the control strategy of the rotor-side converter RSC would not be changed during network unbalance and it is helpful to simplify the control of RSC and improve the operational reliability of RSC. Not only the double supply frequency oscillations in electromagnetic torque DC-link voltage and total active power output can be eliminated but also the stator and rotor currents of the system are balanced. The operational stability and reliability of the DFIG system can be further improved with the proposed scheme. The simulations and contrastive analysis between the DFIG system with and DFIG system with traditional control strategy verify the validity and effectiveness of the proposed coordinated control strategy. Key words wind-power generation doubly fed induction generators DFIG unbalanced grid voltage series grid-side converters coordinated control AA05Z422 CSTC 2008AB DA

2 DFIG DFIG doubly fed induction generators DFIG series grid - side converters DFIG 10 - DFIG 12 DFIG 1 DFIG DFIG DFIG SG- SC DFIG 2MW DFIG 1 DFIG DFIG DFIG DFIG GSC RSC PWM rotor - side converters RSC DFIG / grid - side converters GSC RSC u s = u series + u g 1 GSC u s u series u g RSC GSC g s r DFIG series

3 12 DFIG 3 1 u gαβ = u gαβ + + u gαβ - 2 DFIG Fig. 1 Configuration of DFIG system with u gαβ - DFIG DFIG u seriesαβ - = - u gαβ - 3 k t u series = u com + - u gαβ - k t 5 u com + 4 DFIG GSC 7 DFIG P g = P g - av + P g - sin2sin2ωt + P g - cos2cos2ωt Q g = Q g - av + Q g - sin2sin2ωt + Q g - cos2cos2ωt 9 dq S series = P series + jq series = u series i^ series = u series = u com + P series - av + P series - cos2cos2ωt + P series - sin2sin2ωt + j Q series - av + Q series - cos2cos2ωt + Q series - sin2sin2ωt 6 - u gαβ - k t = comd + + j comq + e jωt - k t + j e - jωt i series = k t i s = k t i s + = k t i + sd + + ji + sq + e jωt 7 av sin2 cos2 ω 6 P series - av Q series - av P series - cos2 P series - sin2 Q series - cos2 Q series - sin2 = comd + comq + comq + - comd i + sd + [ i ] + sq + 8 k t 1. 2 RSC DFIG DFIG DFIG DFIG RSC DFIG u sαβ = u sαβ + = u gαβ + 4 DFIG 1. 3 GSC GSC GSC dq 9 P g - av Q g - av P g - cos2 P g - sin2 Q g - cos2 Q g - sin2 = i + i + i - i

4 4 14 GSC GSC 11 1 GSC 2 GSC 3 2ω GSC DFIG GSC GSC = K seriesdq + p1 τ i1 s + 1 /τ i1 s gdq + - sdq + = K seriesdq - p2 τ i2 s + 1 /τ i2 s 0 - sdq - GSC 14 K p1 τ i1 PI GSC K p2 τ i2 PI 2 DFIG DFIG RSC RSC RSC RSC GSC 2. 1 voltage unbalance 14 u s+ = u g+ 11 u s- = 0 u g = u g+ + u g- 12 DFIG 1 u g e - jωt = gdq + + gdq - e - j2ωt = + j + K p1 < 0 K p2 < j e - j2ωt C du2 dc = P g - P r - P series 15 2ω RSC 15 2ω GSC 2 Fig. 2 Control diagram of during grid 2. 2 GSC 1. 3 RSC GSC

5 12 DFIG 5 P * g - av = = C du2 dc = P g - P r - P series = P g - av - P r - P series - av + P g - cos2 - P series - cos2 = 0 P g - sin2 - P series - sin2 = 0 21 d = - R g i - di - PLL 8 q - = - R g i - - L g d d = g + = 0 22 θ g + = θ ug + θ g - = - θ g + q + = - K p3 τ i3 s + 1 /τ i3 s gq+ - i + gq+ - ωl g i + i -* GSC = P series - cos2 gd+ gd+ - gd+ P ~ g t - P ~ i -* = P series - sin2 series t 16 gd+ gd+ gd+ U dc * P series - cos2 P series - sin2 8 i + * = 0 GSC U 2 dc t = U dc - av + U ~ P * dc t 2 U 2 g - av GSC dc - av + 2U dc - av U ~ dc t 17 GSC PI GSC 16 P g - av - 13 P r - P series - av P * g - = K pu τ iu s + 1 /τ iu s U * dc - U dc U * dc 24 du ~ K pu τ iu PI dc 1 = P ~ CU g t - P ~ series t 18 dc - av 1 DFIG U ~ DFIG dc t = U dc - sin2sin2ωt + U dc - cos2cos2ωt P U dc - sin2 = P 2ωCU g - cos2 - P series - cos2 dc - total = P s - P series + P g = P s - P series - av + P g - av + av - P series - sin2 + P g - sin2 sin2ωt P series U dc - cos2 = - P 2ωCU g - sin2 - P series - sin2 - cos2 + P g - cos2 cos2ωt 25 dc - av GSC dq 13 GSC di + d + = - R g i + - L g GSC di + GSC q + = - R g i + - L g d - di - - L g + ωl g i ωl g i + - ωl g i - + ωl g i R g L g dq GSC d + = - K p3 τ i3 s + 1 /τ i3 s gd+ - i + gd+ + ωl g i

6 6 14 d - = - K p4 τ i4 s + 1 /τ i4 s i -* - i - - ωl g i - + q - = - K p4 τ i4 s + 1 /τ i4 s i -* - i - + ωl g i K p3 τ i3 PI 0. 03pu K p4 τ i4 PI 5 K p1 = - 1 K p2 = GSC K p3 = 0. 1 K p4 = DFIG DFIG GSC 4 200kW 50Hz pu 4 8% 8% 3 Fig. 3 GSC Control diagram of GSC during grid voltage unbalance 3 DFIG DFIG Matlab /SIMULINK 2MW 15Hz DFIG s = Hz DFIG 5 d 5 e 5 f ~ 5 k DFIG DFIG 1 DFIG 2MW 690V /50Hz Y y pu pu pu pu Table pu 3. 5s Comparisons of control performances % MVA 50Hz 20kV - Delta 690V - Yg Z T = j pu 3 GSC 6mΩ DFIG 0. 6mH μF 1 200V Fig. 4 4 DFIG Configuration of DFIG system 5 6 DFIG DFIG DFIG 1 950r /min A 2. 0s s GSC DFIG DFIG 5 b 5 c DFIG ± ± ± ± ± 1. 6 ± 4

7 12 DFIG 7

8 DFIG RSC DFIG lectronics GSC GUO Xiaoming et al. Modeling and control of the DFIG Based wind-power generation system under unbal- 6 k HU Jiabing HE Yikang 6 g 6 h GSC anced grid voltage conditions J Systems Transactions on Energy Conversion HU Jiabing 4 DFIG VENKATARAMANAN G. A fault tolerant doubly fed induction generator wind turbine using a parallel grid side rec- DFIG DFIG 9 BREKKEN T DFIG GSC Conference June Acapulco Mexico FLANNERY P DFIG tifier and series grid side converter J 1 PIWKO R MILLER N GASCA J S et al. Integrating large wind farms into weak power grids with long transmission lines C Proceedings of IEEE 5th International Power Electronics and Motion Control Conference August Shanghai China MULJADI E YILDIRIM D BATAN T et al. Understanding the unbalanced-voltage problem in wind turbine generation C Proceedings of 34th IAS Annual Meeting October Phoenix USA PWM. J ZHENG Yanwen LI Yongdong CHAI Jianyun et al. Research on control strategy for doubly-fed generation system under unbalanced voltage condition J. Automation of Electric Power Systems XU Lie. Coordinated control of DFIG s rotor and grid side converters during network unbalance J. IEEE Transactions on Power E J Automation of Electric Power 6 BREKKEN T MOHAN N. Control of a doubly fed induction wind generator under unbalanced grid voltage conditions J. IEEE HE Yikang. Reinforced control and operation of DFIGbased wind-power-generation system under unbalanced grid voltage conditions J. IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion XU L WANG Y. Dynamic modeling and control of DFIG based wind turbines under unbalanced network conditions J. IEEE Transactions on Power Systems MOHAN N. A novel doubly-fed induction wind generator control scheme for reactive power control and torque pulsation compensation under unbalanced grid voltage conditions C Proceedings of the IEEE 34th Annual Power Electronics Specialists Power Electronics IEEE Transactions on 11 FLANNERY P VENKATARAMANAN G. Unbalanced voltage sag ride-through of a doubly fed induction generator wind turbine with series grid-side converter J. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications J LIAO Yong LI Hui YAO Jun et al. Low voltage ride-through control strategy of a doubly fed induction generator wind turbine with series grid - side converter J. Proceedings of the CSEE

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