LATENT HEATS PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL DATA

Transcript

1 2-150 PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL DATA TABLE Compressibilities of Solids Many data on the compressibility of solids obtained prior to 1926 are contained in Gruneisen, Handbuch der Physik, vol. 10, Springer, Berlin, 1926, pp. 1 52; also available as translation, NASA RE W, See also Tables 271, 273, 276, 278, and other material in Smithsonian Physical Tables, 9th ed., For a review of high-pressure work to 1946, see Bridgman, Rev. Mod. Phys., 18, 1 (1946). LATENT HEATS UNITS CONVERSIONS For this subsection, the following units conversions are applicable: F = 9 5 C To convert calories per gram-mole to British thermal units per pound-mole, multiply by 1.799; to convert calories per gram to British thermal units per pound, multiply by To convert millimeters of mercury to pounds-force per square inch, multiply by

2 LATENT HEATS TABLE Heats of Fusion and Vaporization of the Elements and Inorganic Compounds* Unless stated otherwise, the values have been taken from the compilations by K. K. Kelley on Heats of Fusion of Inorganic Compounds, U.S. Bur. Mines Bull. 393 (1936), and The Free Energies of Vaporization and Vapor Pressures of Inorganic Substances, U.S. Bur. Mines Bull. 383 (1935). Heat of Heat of Heat of Heat of fusion, a,b bp at 1 vaporization, a,b fusion, a,b bp at 1 vaporization, a,b Substance mp, C cal/mole atm, C cal/mole Substance mp, C cal/mole atm, C cal/mole Aluminum Carbon (Cont.) Al , ,020 CNF ,780 c Al2Br , ,920 CNI ,980 c Al2Cl , c 26,750 c CO ,444 AlF3 3NaF ,380 CO , c 6,030 c, r Al2I , ,360 COS ,129 k ,423 k Al2O (26,000) 3000 COCl ,990 Antimony CS ,049 l Sb , ,670 Cerium SbBr3 97 3,510 Ce 775 2,120 SbCl , ,360 Cesium SbCl5 4 2, d 11,570 Cs ,320 Sb4O6 655 (27,000) ,820 CsBr ,990 Sb4S ,200 CsCl 642 3, ,690 Argon CsF 715 (2,450) ,330 A ,590 CsI ,930 Arsenic CsNO ,250 As 814 (6,620) 610 c 31,000 c Chlorine AsBr3 31 2,810 Cl ,531 m ,878 m AsCl3 16 2, ,570 ClF 101 AsF , ,980 ClF ,890 As4O , ,300 Cl2O 2.0 6,280 Barium ClO ,100 Ba 704 (1,400) e ,670 Cl2O7 79 8,480 BaBr ,000 Chromium BaCl ,370 Cr , BaF ,000 CrO2Cl ,250 Ba(NO3)2 595 (5,980) Cobalt Ba3(PO4) ,600 Co ,660 BaSO ,700 CoCl , ,170 Beryllium Copper Be ,500 e Cu , ,810 Bismuth Cu2Br ,310 Bi , Cu2Cl , ,920 BiBr ,020 CuI ,940 BiCl , ,350 Cu2(CN)2 473 (5,400) Bi2O ,800 Cu2O 1230 (13,400) Bi2S ,900 CuO ,820 Boron Cu2S ,500 BBr ,300 Fluorine BCl ,680 F ,640 BF ,620 F2O ,650 B2H ,685 Gallium B3H ,470 Ga , B5H ,700 Germanium B5H ,500 Ge 959 (8,300) B10H ,800 f 11,600 GeH ,580 B2H5Br ,230 Ge2H ,900 B3N3H ,670 Ge3H ,550 Bromine GeHCl g 8,000 Br , ,420 GeBr ,560 BrF , ,470 GeCl ,030 Cadmium Ge(CH3) ,460 Cd , ,870 Gold CdBr2 568 (5,000) Au , ,800 CdCl , ,860 Helium CdF (5,400) He CdI , ,400 Hydrogen CdO 1559 c 53,820 c H CdSO ,790 HBr ,210 Calcium HCl ,860 Ca 851 2, ,580 HCN ,009 i ,027 i CaBr ,180 HF , ,460 CaCO (12,700) (HF) ,020 CaCl ,100 HI CaF ,100 H2O 0.0 1, ,729 h,q Ca(NO3) ,120 H2 2 O (= D2O) 3.8 1,501 s ,945 r,q CaO 2707 (12,240) H2O2 2 2,520 c ,270 CaO Al2O3 2SiO ,400 HNO CaO MgO 2SiO (18,200) H3PO ,310 CaO SiO ,400 H3PO3 74 3,070 CaSO ,700 H3PO ,520 Carbon H4P2O6 55 8,300 C (graphite) ,000 e H2S t ,463 t CBr4 90 1,050 H2S ,805 CCl ,280 H2SO ,360 CF ,110 H2Se ,880 CH ,040 H2SeO4 58 3,450 C2N ,938 u ,576 u H2Te , ,650 CNBr 52 11,010 c Indium CNCl 5 2, ,300 In *See also subsection Thermodynamic Properties.

3 2-152 PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL DATA TABLE Heats of Fusion and Vaporization of the Elements and Inorganic Compounds (Continued) Heat of Heat of Heat of Heat of fusion, a,b bp at 1 vaporization, a,b fusion, a,b bp at 1 vaporization, a,b Substance mp, C cal/mole atm, C cal/mole Substance mp, C cal/mole atm, C cal/mole Iodine Palladium I , ,390 Pd ,120 ICl(α) ,660 Phosphorus ICl(β) ,270 P 4 (yellow) ,520 IF 7 4 c 7,460 c P 4 (violet) 417 c 25,600 c Iron P 4 (black) 453 c 33,100 Fe , ,600 PCl ,280 FeCl , ,210 PH o ,489 o Fe 2Cl , ,040 P 4O , ,380 Fe(CO) , ,000 P 4O 10(α) , ,670 FeO 1380 (7,700) P 4O 10(β) 358 c FeS ,000 POCl , ,380 Krypton P 2S Kr e ,310 e Platinum Lead Pt ,700 (4400) (107,000) Pb , ,060 Potassium PbBr , ,700 K ,920 PbCl , ,600 KBO (5,700) PbF , ,300 KBr 742 5, ,060 PbI , ,850 KCl 770 6, ,840 PbMoO (25,800) KCN 623 (3,500) PbO 890 2, ,310 KCNS 179 2,250 PbS , (50,000) K 2CO ,800 PbSO ,600 K 2CrO ,920 PbWO (15,200) K 2Cr 2O ,770 Lithium KF 857 6,500 Li 179 1, ,250 KI 682 4, ,690 LiBO (5,570) K 2MoO (4,000) LiBr 552 2, ,420 KNO ,840 LiCl 614 3, ,960 KOH 360 (2,000) ,850 LiF 847 (2,360) ,970 KPO ,110 LiI 440 (1,420) ,770 K 3PO ,900 LiOH 462 2,480 K 4P 2O ,000 Li 2MoO ,200 K 2SO ,100 LiNO 3 K 2TiO (10,600) Li 2SiO ,210 K 2WO (4,400) Li 4SiO ,430 Praseodymium Li 2SO ,040 Pr 932 2,700 Li 2WO (6,700) Radon Magnesium Rn ,010 Mg 650 2, ,520 Rhenium MgBr ,300 Re (3000) MgCl , ,690 Re 2O , ,060 MgF ,900 Re 2O ,800 MgO ,500 Rubidium Mg 3(PO 4) (11,300) Rb ,110 MgSiO ,700 RbBr 677 3, ,120 MgSO ,500 RbCl 717 4, ,920 MgZn (8,270) RbF 833 4, ,510 Manganese RbI 638 2, ,960 Mn , ,150 RbNO ,340 MnCl , ,630 Selenium MnSiO (8,200) Se , ,490 MnTiO (7,960) Se ,600 Mercury SeF c 6,350 c Hg ,980 SeO c 20,900 HgBr , ,080 SeOCl , HgCl , ,080 Silicon HgI , ,260 Si , HgSO (1,440) SiCl , ,860 Molybdenum Si 2Cl Mo 2622 (6,660) (4800) (128,000) Si 3Cl ,340 MoF , ,000 (SiCl 3) 2O ,820 MoO (2,500) 1151 SiF c 6,130 c Neon Si 2F , c 10,400 c Ne e SiF 3Cl ,460 Nickel SiF 2Cl ,080 Ni , ,300 SiH ,960 NiCl c 48,360 c Si 2H ,110 Ni(CO) ,000 Si 3H ,780 Ni 2S 645 (2,980) Si 4H ,890 Ni 3S ,800 SiH 3Br ,650 Nitrogen SiH 2Br ,840 N ,336 SiHCl ,360 NF ,000 (SiH 3) 3N ,850 NH ,352 n ,581 n (SiH 3) 2O ,350 NH 4CNS 146 (4,700) SiO 2 (quartz) , NH 4NO ,460 SiO 2 (cristobalite) ,100 N 2O , ,950 Silver NO ,307 Ag , ,720 N 2O , ,040 AgBr 430 2,180 N 2O ,800 c AgCl 455 3, ,520 NOCl 6.4 6,140 AgCN 350 2,750 Osmium AgI 557 2, ,450 OsF ,840 AgNO ,755 OsO 4 (yellow) 56 4, ,450 Ag 2S 842 3,360 OsO 4 (white) 42 2,340 Ag 2SO (4,300) Oxygen Sodium O ,629 Na ,120 O ,880 NaBO ,660

4 LATENT HEATS TABLE Heats of Fusion and Vaporization of the Elements and Inorganic Compounds (Concluded) Heat of Heat of Heat of Heat of fusion, a,b bp at 1 vaporization, a,b fusion, a,b bp at 1 vaporization, a,b Substance mp, C cal/mole atm, C cal/mole Substance mp, C cal/mole atm, C cal/mole Sodium (Cont.) Thallium NaBr 747 6, ,950 Tl , ,810 NaCl 800 7, ,810 TlBr 460 5, ,800 NaClO ,290 TlCl 427 4, ,420 NaCN 562 (4,400) ,280 Tl 2CO ,400 NaCNS 323 4,450 TlI 440 3, ,030 Na 2CO ,000 TlNO ,290 NaF 992 7, ,260 Tl 2S 449 3,000 NaI 662 5,240 Tl 2SO ,500 Na 2MoO ,600 Tin NaNO ,760 Sn , ,000 NaOH 322 2, SnBr (1,700) ana 2O aal 2O 3 3SiO ,150 SnBr ,000 NaPO (5,000) SnCl , ,740 Na 4P 2O (13,700) SnCl , ,330 Na 2S 920 (1,200) Sn(CH 3) ,320 Na 2SiO ,300 SnH ,420 Na 2Si 2O ,460 SnI (4,300) Na 2SO ,830 Titanium Na 2WO ,800 TiBr (2,060) Strontium TiCl , ,350 Sr 757 2, ,610 TiO (11,400) SrBr ,780 Tungsten SrCl ,100 W 3390 (8,400) (5900) (176,000) SrF ,260 WF , ,350 Sr 3(PO 4) ,500 Uranium Sulfur UF c 9,990 c S (rhombic) ,200 Xenon S (monoclinic) Xe ,110 S 2Cl ,720 Zinc SF c 5,600 c Zn , ,430 SO ,769 p 5.0 5,960 p ZnCl (5,500) ,710 SO 3(α) 17 2, ,190 Zn(C 2H 5) ,960 SO 3(β) ,890 ZnO ,470 SO 3(γ) ,310 ZnS 1645 (9,000) SOBr ,920 Zirconium SOCl ,600 ZrBr c 25,800 c SO 2Cl ,760 ZrCl c 25,290 c Tellurium ZrI c 29,030 c Te 453 3, ZrO ,800 TeCl ,830 TeF c 6,700 c a Values in parentheses are uncertain. b For the freezing point or the normal boiling point unless otherwise stated. c Sublimation. d Decomposes at about 75 C; value obtained by extrapolation. e Bichowsky and Rossini, Thermochemistry of the Chemical Substances, Reinhold, New York (1936). f Decomposes before the normal boiling point is reached. g Decomposes at about 40 C; value obtained by extrapolation. h See also pp through on steam table. i Giauque and Ruehrwein, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 61 (1939): j Giauque and Egan, J. Chem. Phys., 5 (1937): 45. k Kemp and Giauque, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 59 (1937): 79. l Brown and Manov, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 59 (1937): 500. m Giauque and Powell, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 61 (1939): n Overstreet and Giauque, J. Am. Chem. Soc 59 (1937): 254. o Stephenson and Giauque, J. Chem. Phys., 5 (1937): 149. p Giauque and Stephenson, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 60 (1938): q Osborne, Stimson, and Ginnings, Bur. Standards J. Research, 23, 197 (1939): 261. r Miles and Menzies, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 58 (1936): s Long and Kemp, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 58 (1936): t Giauque and Blue, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 58 (1936): 831. u Ruehrwein and Giauque, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 61 (1939): TABLE Heats of Fusion of Miscellaneous Materials Material mp, C Heat of fusion, cal/g Alloys 30.5 Pb Sn Pb Sn Pb Sn Pb Sn Pb + 9 Sn Pb Sn Bi Pb Sn Bi + 7 Cd Silicates Anorthite (CaAl 2 Si 2 O 8 ) 100 Orthoclase (KAlSi 2 O 8 ) 100 Microcline (KAlSi 3 O 8 ) 83 Wollastonite (CaSiO 8 ) 100 Malacolite (Ca 8 MgSi 4 O 12 ) 94 Diopside (CaMgSi 2 O 4 ) 100 Olivine (Mg 2 SiO 4 ) 130 Fayalite (Fe 2 SiO 4 ) 85 Spermaceti Wax (bees )

5 2-154 PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL DATA TABLE Heats of Fusion of Organic Compounds The values for the hydrocarbons are from the tables of the American Petroleum Institute Research Project 44 at the National Bureau of Standards, with some from Parks and Huffman, Ind. Eng. Chem., 23, 1138 (1931). The values for the nonhydrocarbon compounds were recalculated from data in International Critical Tables, vol. 5. Heat of fusion, Heat of fusion, Hydrocarbon compounds Formula mp, C cal/g Hydrocarbon compounds Formula mp, C cal/g Paraffins Aromatics (Cont.) Methane CH Methyl-3-ethylbenzene C9H Ethane C2H Methyl-4-ethylbenzene C9H Propane C3H ,2,3-Trimethylbenzene C9H n-butane C4H ,2,4-Trimethylbenzene C9H Methylpropane C4H ,3,5-Trimethylbenzene C9H n-pentane C5H Naphthalene C10H Methylbutane C5H Camphene C10H ,2-Dimethylpropane C5H Durene C10H n-hexane C6H Isodurene C10H Methylpentane C6H Prehnitene C10H ,2-Dimethylbutane C6H p-cymene C10H ,3-Dimethylbutane C6H n-butyl benzene C10H n-heptane C7H tert-butyl benzene C10H Methylhexane C7H β-methyl naphthalene C11H Ethylpentane C7H Diphenyl C12H ,2-Dimethylpentane C7H Hexamethyl benzene C12H ,4-Dimethylpentane C7H Diphenyl methane C13H ,3-Dimethylpentane C7H Anthracene C14H ,2,3-Trimethylbutane C7H Phenanthrene C14H n-octane C8H Tolane C14H Methylheptane C8H Stilbene C14H Methylpentane C8H Dibenzil C14H Methylheptane C8H Triphenyl methane C19H ,2-Dimethylhexane C8H Alkyl cyclohexanes 2,5-Dimethylhexane C8H Cyclohexane C6H ,3-Dimethylhexane C8H Methylcyclohexane C7H Methyl-3-ethylpentane C8H Alkyl cyclopentanes 3-Methyl-3-ethylpentane C8H Cyclopentane C5H ,2,3-Trimethylpentane C8H Methylcyclopentane C6H ,2,4-Trimethylpentane C8H Ethylcyclopentane C7H ,3,3-Trimethylpentane C8H ,1-Dimethylcyclopentane C7H ,3,4-Trimethylpentane C8H cis-1,2-dimethylcyclopentane C7H ,2,3,3-Tetramethylbutane C8H trans-1,2-dimethylcyclopentane C7H n-nonane C9H trans-1,3-dimethylcyclopentane C7H n-decane C10H Monoolefins n-undecane C11H Ethene (Ethylene) C2H n-dodecane C12H Propene (Propylene) C3H Eicosane C20H Butene C4H Pentacosane C25H cis-2-butene C4H Tritriacontane C33H trans-2-butene C4H Aromatics 2-Methylpropene (isobutene) C4H Benzene C6H Pentene C5H Methylbenzene (Toluene) C7H cis-2-pentene C5H Ethylbenzene C8H trans-2-pentene C5H o-xylene C8H Methyl-1-butene C5H m-xylene C8H Methyl-1-butene C5H p-xylene C8H Methyl-2-butene C5H n-propylbenzene C9H Acetylenes Isopropylbenzene C9H Acetylene C2H Methyl-2-ethylbenzene C9H Butyne (dimethylacetylene) C4H Heat of fusion, Heat of fusion, Nonhydrocarbon compounds Formula mp, C cal/g Nonhydrocarbon compounds Formula mp, C cal/g Acetic acid C2H4O Butyl alcohol (n-) C4H10O Acetone C3H6O (t-) C4H10O Acrylic acid C3H4O Butyric acid (n-) C4H8O Allo-cinnamic acid C9H8O Aminobenzoic acid (o-) C7H7NO Capric acid (n-) C10H20O (m-) C7H7NO Caprylic acid (n-) C8H16O (p-) C7H7NO Carbazole C12H9N Amyl alcohol C5H12O Carbon tetrachloride CCl Anethole C10H12O Carvoxime (d-) C10H15NO Aniline C6H5NH (l-) C10H15NO Anthraquinone C14H8O (dl-) C10H15NO Apiol C12H14O Cetyl alcohol C16H34O Azobenzene C12H10N Chloracetic acid (α-) C2H3ClO Azoxybenzene C12H10N2O (β-) C2H3ClO Chloral alcoholate C4H7Cl3O Benzil C14H10O hydrate C2H3Cl3O Benzoic acid C7H8O Chloroaniline (p-) C6H6ClN Benzophenone C13H10O Chlorobenzoic acid (o-) C7H5ClO Benzylaniline C13H13N (m-) C7H5ClO Bromocamphor C10H15BrO (p-) C7H5ClO Bromochlorbenzene (o-) C6H4BrCl Chloronitrobenzene (m-) C6H4ClNO (m-) C6H4BrCl (p-) C6H4ClNO (p-) C6H4BrCl Cinnamic acid C9H8O Bromoiodobenzene (o-) C6H4BrI anhydride C18H14O (m-) C6H4BrI Cresol (p-) C7H8O (p-) C6H4BrI Crotonic acid (α-) C4H6O Bromol hydrate C2H3Br3O (cis-) C4H6O Bromophenol (p-) C6H5BrO Cyanamide CH2N Bromotoluene (p-) C7H7Br Cyclohexanol C6H12O

6 LATENT HEATS TABLE Heats of Fusion of Organic Compounds (Concluded) Heat of fusion, Heat of fusion, Nonhydrocarbon compounds Formula mp, C cal/g Nonhydrocarbon compounds Formula mp, C cal/g Dibromobenzene (o-) C 6H 4Br Naphthol (α-) C 10H 8O (m-) C 6H 4Br (β-) C 10H 8O (p-) C 6H 4Br Naphthylamine (α-) C 10H 9N Dibromophenol (2, 4-) C 6H 4Br 2O Nitroaniline (o-) C 6H 6N 2O Dichloroacetic acid C 2H 2Cl 2O 2 4(?) (m-) C 6H 6N 2O Dichlorobenzene (o-) C 6H 4Cl (p-) C 6H 6N 2O (m-) C 6H 4Cl Nitrobenzene C 6H 5NO (p-) C 6H 4Cl Nitrobenzoic acid (o-) C 7H 5NO Dihydroxybenzene (o-) C 6H 6O (m-) C 7H 5NO (m-) C 6H 6O (p-) C 7H 5NO (p-) C 6H 6O Nitronaphthalene C 10H 7NO Di-iodobenzene (o-) C 6H 4I Nitrophenol (o-) C 6H 5NO (m-) C 6H 4I (p-) C 6H 4I Palmitic acid C 16H 32O Dimethyl tartrate (dl-) C 6H 10O Paraldehyde C 6H 12O (d-) C 6H 10O Pelargic acid (n-) (β-) C 9H 18O pyrone C 7H 8O Pelargonic acid (n-) (α-) C 9H 18O Dinitrobenzene (o-) C 6H 4N 2O Phenol C 6H 6O (m-) C 6H 4N 2O Phenylacetic acid C 8H 8O (p-) C 6H 4N 2O Phenylhydrazine C 6H 8N Dinitrotoluene (2, 4-) C 7H 6N 2O Propyl ether (n) C 6H 14O Dioxane C 4H 8O Diphenyl amine C 12H 11N Quinone C 6H 4O Elaidic acid C 18H 34O Stearic acid C 18H 30O Ethyl acetate C 4H 8O Succinic anhydride C 4H 4O alcohol C 2H 6O Succinonitrile C 4H 4N Ethylene dibromide C 2H 4Br Ethyl ether C 4H 10O Tetrachloroxylene (o-) C 8H 6Cl (p-) C 8H 6Cl Formic acid CH 2O Thiophene C 4H 4S Thiosinamine C 4H 8N 2S Glutaric acid C 6H 8O Thymol C 10H 14O Glycerol C 3H 8O Toluic acid (o-) C 8H 8O Glycol, ethylene C 2H 6O (m-) C 8H 8O (p-) C 8H 8O Hydrazo benzene C 12H 12N Toluidine (p-) C 7H 9N Hydrocinnamic acid C 9H 10O Tribromophenol (2, 4, 6-) C 6H 3Br 3O Hydroxyacetanilide C 8H 9NO Trichloroacetic acid C 2HCl 3O Trinitroglycerol C 3H 5N 3O Iodotoluene (p-) C 7H 7I Trinitrotoluene (2, 4, 6-) C 7H 5N 3O Isopropyl alcohol C 3H 8O Tristearin C 57H 110O , ether C 6H 14O Undecylic acid (α-) (n-) C 11H 22O Lauric acid (n-) C 12H 24O (β-) (n-) C 11H 22O Levulinic acid C 5H 8O Urethane C 3H 7NO Menthol (l-) (α) C 10H 20O Veratrol C 8H 10O Methyl alcohol CH 4O Myristic acid C 14H 28O Xylene dibromide (o-) C 8H 8Br Methyl cinnamate C 10H 10O (m-) C 8H 8Br fumarate C 6H 8O dichloride (o-) C 8H 8Cl oxalate C 4H 6O (m-) C 8H 8Cl phenylpropiolate C 10H 8O (p-) C 8H 8Cl succinate C 6H 10O

7 TABLE Heats of Vaporization of Inorganic and Organic Compounds Cmpd. C1 T min, H v at T max, H v no. Name Formula CAS no. Mol wt 1E 07 C2 C3 C4 K T min 1E 07 K at T max 1 Methane CH Ethane C 2 H Propane C 3 H n-butane C 4 H n-pentane C 5 H n-hexane C 6 H n-heptane C 7 H n-octane C 8 H n-nonane C 9 H n-decane C 10 H n-undecane C 11 H n-dodecane C 12 H n-tridecane C 13 H n-tetradecane C 14 H n-pentadecane C 15 H n-hexadecane C 16 H n-heptadecane C 17 H n-octadecane C 18 H n-nonadecane C 19 H n-eicosane C 20 H Methylpropane C 4 H Methylbutane C 5 H ,3-Dimethylbutane C 6 H Methylpentane C 6 H ,3-Dimethylpentane C 7 H ,3,3-Trimethylpentane C 8 H ,2,4-Trimethylpentane C 8 H Ethylene C 2 H Propylene C 3 H Butene C 4 H cis-2-butene C 4 H trans-2-butene C 4 H Pentene C 5 H Hexene C 6 H Heptene C 7 H Octene C 8 H Nonene C 9 H Decene C 10 H Methylpropene C 4 H Methyl-1-butene C 5 H Methyl-2-butene C 5 H ,2-Butadiene C 4 H ,3-Butadiene C 4 H Methyl-1,3-butadiene C 5 H Acetylene C 2 H Methylacetylene C 3 H Dimethylacetylene C 4 H Methyl-1-butyne C 5 H Pentyne C 5 H Pentyne C 5 H Hexyne C 6 H Hexyne C 6 H

8 53 3-Hexyne C 6 H Heptyne C 7 H Octyne C 8 H Vinylacetylene 1 C 4 H Cyclopentane C 5 H Methylcyclopentane C 6 H Ethylcyclopentane C 7 H Cyclohexane C 6 H Methylcyclohexane C 7 H ,1-Dimethylcyclohexane C 8 H Ethylcyclohexane C 8 H Cyclopentene C 5 H Methylcyclopentene C 6 H Cyclohexene C 6 H Benzene C 6 H Toluene C 7 H o-xylene C 8 H m-xylene C 8 H p-xylene C 8 H Ethylbenzene C 8 H Propylbenzene C 9 H E E ,2,4-Trimethylbenzene C 9 H Isopropylbenzene C 9 H ,3,5-Trimethylbenzene C 9 H p-isopropyltoluene C 10 H Naphthalene C 10 H Biphenyl C 12 H Styrene C 8 H m-terphenyl C 18 H Methanol CH 4 O Ethanol C 2 H 6 O Propanol C 3 H 8 O Butanol C 4 H 10 O Butanol C 4 H 10 O Propanol C 3 H 8 O Methyl-2-propanol C 4 H 10 O Pentanol C 5 H 12 O Methyl-1-butanol C 5 H 12 O Methyl-1-butanol C 5 H 12 O Hexanol C 6 H 14 O Heptanol C 7 H 16 O Cyclohexanol C 6 H 12 O Ethylene glycol C 2 H 6 O ,2-Propylene glycol C 3 H 8 O Phenol C 6 H 6 O o-cresol C 7 H 8 O m-cresol C 7 H 8 O p-cresol C 7 H 8 O Dimethyl ether C 2 H 6 O Methyl ethyl ether C 3 H 8 O Methyl n-propyl ether C 4 H 10 O Methyl isopropyl ether C 4 H 10 O Methyl-n-butyl ether C 5 H 12 O Methyl isobutyl ether C 5 H 12 O Methyl tert-butyl ether C 5 H 12 O

9 TABLE Heats of Vaporization of Inorganic and Organic Compounds (Continued) Cmpd. C1 T min, H v at T max, H v no. Name Formula CAS no. Mol wt 1E 07 C2 C3 C4 K T min 1E 07 K at T max 108 Diethyl ether C 4 H 10 O Ethyl propyl ether C 5 H 12 O Ethyl isopropyl ether C 5 H 12 O Methyl phenyl ether C 7 H 8 O Diphenyl ether C 12 H 10 O Formaldehyde CH 2 O Acetaldehyde C 2 H 4 O Propanal C 3 H 6 O Butanal C 4 H 8 O Pentanal C 5 H 10 O Hexanal C 6 H 12 O Heptanal C 7 H 14 O Octanal C 8 H 16 O Nonanal C 9 H 18 O Decanal C 10 H 20 O Acetone C 3 H 6 O Methyl ethyl ketone C 4 H 8 O Pentanone C 5 H 10 O Methyl isopropyl ketone C 5 H 10 O Hexanone C 6 H 12 O Methyl isobutyl ketone C 6 H 12 O Methyl-2-pentanone C 6 H 12 O Pentanone C 5 H 10 O Ethyl isopropyl ketone C 6 H 12 O Diisopropyl ketone C 7 H 14 O Cyclohexanone C 6 H 10 O Methyl phenyl ketone C 8 H 8 O Formic acid CH 2 O Acetic acid C 2 H 4 O Propionic acid C 3 H 6 O n-butyric acid C 4 H 8 O Isobutyric acid C 4 H 8 O Benzoic acid 2 C 7 H 6 O Acetic anhydride C 4 H 6 O Methyl formate C 2 H 4 O Methyl acetate C 3 H 6 O Methyl propionate C 4 H 8 O Methyl n-butyrate C 5 H 10 O Ethyl formate C 3 H 6 O Ethyl acetate C 4 H 8 O Ethyl propionate C 5 H 10 O Ethyl n-butyrate C 6 H 12 O n-propyl formate C 4 H 8 O n-propyl acetate C 5 H 10 O n-butyl acetate C 6 H 12 O Methyl benzoate C 8 H 8 O Ethyl benzoate C 9 H 10 O Vinyl acetate C 4 H 6 O Methylamine CH 5 N Dimethylamine C 2 H 7 N Trimethylamine C 3 H 9 N

10 159 Ethylamine C 2 H 7 N Diethylamine C 4 H 11 N Triethylamine C 6 H 15 N n-propylamine C 3 H 9 N di-n-propylamine C 6 H 15 N Isopropylamine C 3 H 9 N Diisopropylamine C 6 H 15 N Aniline C 6 H 7 N N-Methylaniline C 7 H 9 N N,N-Dimethylaniline C 8 H 11 N Ethylene oxide C 2 H 4 O Furan C 4 H 4 O Thiophene C 4 H 4 S Pyridine C 5 H 5 N Formamide 3 CH 3 NO N,N-Dimethylformamide C 3 H 7 NO Acetamide C 2 H 5 NO N-Methylacetamide C 3 H 7 NO Acetonitrile C 2 H 3 N Propionitrile C 3 H 5 N n-butyronitrile C 4 H 7 N Benzonitrile C 7 H 5 N Methyl mercaptan CH 4 S Ethyl mercaptan C 2 H 6 S n-propyl mercaptan C 3 H 8 S n-butyl mercaptan C 4 H 10 S Isobutyl mercaptan C 4 H 10 S sec-butyl mercaptan C 4 H 10 S Dimethyl sulfide C 2 H 6 S Methyl ethyl sulfide C 3 H 8 S Diethyl sulfide C 4 H 10 S Fluoromethane CH 3 F Chloromethane CH 3 Cl Trichloromethane CHCl Tetrachloromethane CCl Bromomethane CH 3 Br Fluoroethane C 2 H 5 F Chloroethane C 2 H 5 Cl Bromoethane C 2 H 5 Br Chloropropane C 3 H 7 Cl Chloropropane C 3 H 7 Cl ,1-Dichloropropane C 3 H 6 Cl ,2-Dichloropropane C 3 H 6 Cl Vinyl chloride C 2 H 3 Cl Fluorobenzene C 6 H 5 F Chlorobenzene C 6 H 5 Cl Bromobenzene C 6 H 5 Br Air Hydrogen H Helium-4 He Neon Ne Argon Ar Fluorine F Chlorine Cl Bromine Br

11 TABLE Heats of Vaporization of Inorganic and Organic Compounds (Concluded) Cmpd. C1 T min, H v at T max, H v no. Name Formula CAS no. Mol wt 1E 07 C2 C3 C4 K T min 1E 07 K at T max 214 Oxygen O Nitrogen N Ammonia NH Hydrazine N 2 H Nitrous oxide N 2 O Nitric oxide NO Cyanogen C 2 N Carbon monoxide CO Carbon dioxide CO Carbon disulfide CS Hydrogen fluoride HF Hydrogen chloride HCl Hydrogen bromide HBr Hydrogen cyanide 2 HCN Hydrogen sulfide H 2 S Sulfur dioxide SO Sulfur trioxide SO Water H 2 O All substances are listed in alphabetical order in Table 2-6a. Compiled from Daubert, T. E., R. P. Danner, H. M. Sibul, and C. C. Stebbins, DIPPR Data Compilation of Pure Compound Properties, Project 801 Sponsor Release, July, 1993, Design Institute for Physical Property Data, AIChE, New York, NY; and from Thermodynamics Research Center, Selected Values of Properties of Hydrocarbons and Related Compounds, Thermodynamics Research Center Hydrocarbon Project, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas (extant 1994). Temperatures are expressed in kelvins; heats of vaporization, in J/kmol. J/kmol 2.390E 04 = cal/gmol; J/kmol E 04 = Btu/lbmol. The heat of vaporization equation used is H v = C1 (1 T r ) C2 + C3 Tr + C4 Tr Tr. T r is the reduced temperature, T/T c. 1 Coefficients are hypothetical; compound decomposes violently on heating. 2 For the monomer. 3 Equation coefficients are hypothetical above the decomposition temperature

12 SPECIFIC HEATS OF PURE COMPOUNDS SPECIFIC HEATS OF PURE COMPOUNDS UNITS CONVERSIONS For this subsection, the following units conversions are applicable: F = 9 5 C + 32 F = 1.8 K To convert calories per gram-kelvin to British thermal units per pound-degree Rankine, multiply by 1.0; to convert calories per grammole-kelvin to British thermal units per pound-mole-degree Rankine, multiply by 1.0. To convert kilojoules per kilogram-kelvin to British thermal units per pound-degree Rankine, multiply by ADDITIONAL REFERENCES Additional data are contained in the subsection Thermodynamic Properties. Data on water are also contained in that subsection. Additional tables for water are found in Eng. Sci. Data Item 68008, 251 Regent Street, London, England, which contains about 5000 values from 1 to 1000 bar, 0 to 1500 C. TABLE Heat Capacities of the Elements and Inorganic Compounds* Heat capacity at constant pressure Range of (T = K; 0 C = K), temperature, Uncertainty, Substance State cal/deg mol K % Aluminum 1 Al c T l AlBr 3 c T l AlCl 3 c T l AlCl 3 6H 2 O c ? AlF 3 c ? AlF 3 3aH 2 O c ? AlF 3 3NaF c T /T l ? AlI 3 c T l Al 2 O 3 c T /T Al 2 O 3 SiO 2 c, sillimanite T /T c, disthene T /T c, andalusite T /T Al 2 O 3 2SiO 2 c, mullite T Al 2 O 3 3SiO 2 c T Al 2 (SO 4 ) 3 c ? Al 2 (SO 4 ) 3 18H 2 O c ? Antimony Sb c T l SbBr 3 c T ? SbCl 3 c T ? Sb 2 O 3 c T ? Sb 2 O 4 c T ? Sb 2 S 3 c T ? Argon 2 A g 4.97 All 0 Arsenic As c T AsCl 3 l ? As 2 O 3 c T ? As 2 S 3 c ? Barium BaCl 2 c T ? BaCl 2 H 2 O c ? BaCl 2 2H 2 O c ? Ba(ClO 3 ) 2 H 2 O c ? BaCO 3 c, α T c, β BaMoO 4 c ? Ba(NO 3 ) 2 c ? BaSO 4 c T Beryllium 3,4 Be c T /T BeO c T /T BeO Al 2 O 3 c ? BeSO 4 c ? *From Kelley, U.S. Bur. Mines Bull. 371, For a revision see Kelley, U.S. Bur. Mines Bull. 477, Data for many elements and compounds are given by Johnson (ed.), WADD-TR-60-56, 1960, for cryogenic temperatures. Tabulated data for gases can be obtained from many of the references cited in the Thermodynamic Properties subsection and other tables in this section. Thinh, Duran, et al., Hydrocarbon Process., 50, 98 (January 1971), review previous equation fits and give newer fits for 408 hydrocarbons and related compounds. Later publications include Duran, Thinh, et al., Hydrocarbon Process., 55, 153 (August 1976); Thompson, J. Chem. Eng. Data, 22(4), 431 (1977); and Passut and Danner, Ind. Eng. Chem. Process Des. Dev., 11, 543 (1972); 13, 193 (1974). The symbols in this column have the following meaning; c, crystal; l, liquid; g, gas; gls, glass.

13 TABLE Heat Capacities of the Elements and Inorganic Compounds (Continued) Heat capacity at constant pressure Range of (T = K; 0 C = K), temperature, Uncertainty, Substance State cal/deg mol K % Bismuth 4 Bi c T l Bi 2 O 3 c T Bi 2 S 3 c ? Boron B c T B 2 O 3 gls T gls BN c T Bromine Br 2 g Cadmium Cd c T l CdO c T ? CdS c T ? CdSO 4 8/3H 2 O c ? Calcium Ca c T c T CaCl 2 c T ? CaCO 3 c T /T CaF 2 c T ? CaMg(CO 3 ) 2 c ? CaMoO 4 c ? CaO c T /T Ca(OH) 2 c ? CaO Al 2 O 3 2SiO 2 c, anorthite T /T gls T /T CaO MgO 2SiO 2 c, diopside T /T gls T /T CaO SiO 2 c, wollastonite T /T c, pseudowollastonite T /T gls T /T CaP 2 O 6 c ? CaSO 4 c T /T CaSO 4 2H 2 O c ? CaWO 4 c ? Carbon 5 C c, graphite T /T c, diamond T /T CH 4 g T CO 6 g T a CO 2 g T /T a CS 2 l ? Cerium Ce c T ? CeO 2 c ? Ce 2 (MoO 4 ) 3 c ? Ce 2 (SO 4 ) 3 c ? Ce 2 (SO 4 ) 3 5H 2 O c ? Cesium Cs c T l g 4.97 All 0 CsBr c T ? CsCl c T ? CsF c T ? CsI c T ? Chlorine Cl 2 g T a Chromium 4 Cr c T l CrCl 3 c ? Cr 2 O 3 c T ? CrSb c T ? CrSb 2 c T ? Cr 2 (SO 4 ) 3 c ? Cobalt 4 Co c T l CoAs 2 CoS 2 c ? CoSb c T ? Co 2 Sn c T CoS c T ? CoSO 4 7H 2 O c ? 2-162

14 TABLE Heat Capacities of the Elements and Inorganic Compounds (Continued) Heat capacity at constant pressure Range of (T = K; 0 C = K), temperature, Uncertainty, Substance State cal/deg mol K % Copper 7 Cu c T l CuAl c T CuAl 2 c T Cu 3 Al c T CuI c T ? CuI 2 c ? CuO c T /T CuO SiO 2 H 2 O c ? CuS c T ? Cu 2 S c, α T c, β CuS FeS c ? Cu 2 Sb c T Cu 2 Sb c T Cu 2 Se c, α c, β Cu 3 Si c T ? CuSO 4 c ? CuSO 4 H 2 O c ? CuSO 4 3H 2 O c ? CuSO 4 5H 2 O c ? Fluorine 8 F 2 g T Gallium Ga 2 O 3 c T ? Ga 2 (SO 4 ) 3 c ? Germanium 4 Ge c Gold Au c T l AuSb 2 c, α T c, βγ T ? Helium 9 He g 4.97 All 0 Hydrogen 10 H g 4.97 All 0 H 2 g T HBr g T HCl g T a HI g T H 2 O l See Tables through g T T ? H 2 S g T H 2 S 2 O 7 c ? l ? Indium In c Iodine I 2 g Iridium Ir c T Iron 4 Fe c, α T c, β T c, γ c, δ l FeAs 2 c ? Fe 3 C c T FeCO 3 c ? FeO c T 76200/T Fe 2 O 3 c T /T Fe 3 O 4 c T /T Fe 2 O 3 3H 2 O c ? FeS c, α T c, β T FeS 2 c T ? FeSi c T Fe 2 SiO 4 c T /T FeSO 4 c ? Fe 2 (SO 4 ) 3 c ? FeSO 4 4H 2 O c ? FeSO 4 7H 2 O c ? Krypton Kr g 4.97 All