355 : 1 2 1 1 2 3 (11 200433; 21 230027; 31 100101) [ ] [ ] ; ; ; V isualization of the functional or ien tation column s in the cat v isual cortex by in vivo optical imag ing based on in tr in sic signals YU Hong2bo 1 2 X IN G D a2jun 1 1 2 3 SHOU T ian2de (11Cen ter f or B ra in S cience R esea rch and L iren L ab S chool of L if e S ciences F ud an U n iversity S hang ha i 200433 Ch ina; 21V ision R esea rch L ab S chool of L if e S ciences U n iv ersity of S cience and T echnology of Ch ina H ef ei 230026; L ab of V isua l Inf orm a tion P rocessing Institu te of B iop hy sics Ch inese A cad em y of S ciences B eij ing 100101) [Abstract ] T he op tical im aging based on in trin sic signals is the one w ith the best spatial reso lu tion a2 m ong in v ivo b rain im aging techn iqueṡ It becom es a pow erfu l too l fo r studying fuctional arch itectu re of the co rtex in a large scale. W e describe the m ethod u sing th is techn ique to show the o rien tation co lum n s in the cat visual co rtex. Basically it is also su itab le fo r studying functional o rgan ization of o ther co rtex. [Key words] op tical im aging; in trin sic signal; o rien tation co lum n; visual co rtex; cat 20 70 X2 (X2CT ) (M R I) (fm R I) (PET ) 1986 Grinvald [ 3 ] [ 1 ] (op tical im aging based on in trin sic 1982 Grinvald signals) ( 011 mm ) [ 2 ] 1998 11 [ ] 100820872 (2000) 0420355205 [ ] Q 436 [ ] A [ ] 2000203220 [ ] (3989334023) 2 (9805) [ ] [ ] 021265642355 [ ] (19732) 1
356 [ 4 ] 640 nm [ 6 8 ] 1 111 ( ) ; ; 113 2 3 kg (CCD ) (25 m ggkg) (3 m ggkg h) (10 F ig 1 m ggkg h) 4 s CO 2 4% 38 (1% ) (5% ) P1 L 3 (17 ) F ig 1 T im e course of different components fo co rtical intrinsic sig2 nals befo re during and after grating pattern stim uli. The relative contributions are no rm alized ( from Bonhoeffer and Grinvald 1996 [1 ] ) 112 F ig 2 011 H z CCD (A rea 2 Scan Canada) 211 F ig 3 CCD ( 2 (0 180 ) Λm g ) 16 g 24 Λm 011 mm 015 mm ) 1511 cdgm 2 019 2 H z (o rien tation) 550 nm F ig 2 D iagram of the op tical im aging system based on intrinsic sig2 nals and visual stim ulating system 114 1g1000 2 s 10 s 8 64 16 (
357 ( 90 ) ( ) 019 mm 3 4 (lateral cro ss2o rien tation inh ib ition) 6 5 ( ) F ig 3 T he co rtical areas (dark stripes o r areas) visually activated by six grating stim uli of different o rientations in the p rim ary visual co rtex of the cat show ing roughly comp lem entary mo saic relationship betw een the op tical pattern pairs elicited by two gratings o rthogonal each o theṙ T he num bers under each figure rep resent the o rientations of stim ulus grating used. The dark scale bars indicate 2 mm F ig 4 O rientation co lum n patterns revealed by op tical im aging at different dep th s under the surface of the p rim ary visual co r2 tex as show ed by num bers in Λm. T hese patterns are quite sim ilaṙ B lack scale bar: 1 mm 213 16 ( 110 310 s) 115 s 3 4 s 6 s (F ig 5) 3 4 s F ig 1 214 212 ( ) F ig 6 CCD (< 100 Λm ) (A ) ; (B ) ; F ig 4 (C) 111 mm ( g g + g g )
358 215 17 (F ig 7) ( ) ; ( ) SF= 018 cyclesgdegree F ig 5 T he co rtical op tical im ages obtained at different tim es show 2 ing the appearance and dim inishm ent of o rientation co lum n pattern on the co rtex. T he stim ulus duration w as from 110 s to 310 s. B lack scale bar: 2 mm SF= 015 cyclesgdegree F ig 6 Co rtical o rientation co lum n pattern distributions elicited by two respectively local grating stim uli on the upper (A ) low er (B) visual fields and the two visual fields (C). A C the p ro jecting po sition of the area centralis in the cat retina. A anterio r; L lateral; M m edial; P po sterio ṙ B lack scale bars: 2 mm on the co rtical m ap; 4 degree in the visual field SF= 012 cyclesgdegree F ig 7 O rientation co lum n patterns elicited by visual grating stim uli of different spatial frequencies ( SF ). The clearest pattern w h ich w as elicited by the low er SF (012 cgdeg) grating in2 dicated by th ick dark lines is located at the righ t low er side of the figure (anterio r co rtex) w h ile the one by h igher SF ( 018 cgdeg) at the left upper side (po sterio r co rtex); and the one by m edial SF (015 cgdeg) in betw een. B lack scale
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