53 6 1998 11 A CTA GEO GRA PH ICA S IN ICA V o l. 53, N o. 6 N ov., 1998 Ξ (, 510275) (, 510275) (, 510275),,,, 70, GeoffreyW all [1, 2 ], 70,,, [3 ], ; [4 ] 4,, 1984 1986, ; [5 ],, 1 9 km,, [6 ], 194, 740, 1 389 1976,, Ξ (Suppo rted by N ational N atural Science Foundation of Ch ina). : 1996210; : 1997201
6 : 555 1980, 1980 1993 14, 32918, 27717, 5211, 23156, 1 1( : ) Ξ Tab11Tour ists rece ived by M oun t Danx ia (Un it: 10 thousands) 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 10 17 21 2616 2318 2514 27 3017 2812 2215 2716 2513 2517 19 32918 7 12 17 2316 2011 2117 24 2517 2314 1916 2313 2019 2219 1615 27717 3 5 4 3 317 317 3 5 418 219 413 414 218 215 5211 Ξ :, [7 ] [8 ] 2 (V RM ) [9 ],,, : (1) (SL ),, ( ) SL = g (2) (L I ),,,,, L I = X W + X H + X L (221) L I ; X W, g (125 ) ; X H, g (28 m ) ; X L, g (3) (T E ),, T E = C g + C f gc z T E, 5 : T E 0011, 012015, 016 115, 116215, 216 ; C g,, : 016, 014, 012, 0, 011; C f
556 53 1 F ig11t he perpendicular p rofile of p lant s p lo ts at M ount D anxia scenic spo t : 1. Ξ Castanop sis jucund a 25. T ricaly sia d ubia 2. L ithoca rp us uva riif olia 26. Gard enia jasm inod es 3. L ithoca rp us g laber 27. L asianthus cy anocanp us 4. Cy cloba lanop sis g lauca 28. S ymp locos ad enop hy lla 5. Ξ A rtoca rp us hyp a rgy raea 29. Ξ Gnetum p arv if olium 6. F icus h irta 30. Calam us rhabd oclad us 7. S chef f lera octop hy lla 31. Ξ F issistigm a g laucescens 8. R and ia can th ioid es 32. C roton tig lium 9. Ξ C innam om um p orrectum 33. M illettia riticu lata 10. C innam om um bu rm ann ii 34. A cacia sinuata 11. D ap hn ip hy llum g laucescens 35. Sm ilax g labra 12. L itsea elong a ta 36. Celastrus h ind sii 13. D iospy ros m orrisiana 37. F icus scand ens 14. M ach ilus velu tina 38. S cleria terrestris 15. M a llotus p h ilipp inensis 39. A rd isia crenata 16. S ch im a sup erba 40. Cy closorus p arasiticus 17. Ξ S ch im a a rg en tea 41. W oodw ard ia jap onica 18. E laeoca rp us ch inesis 42. B am busa m u ltip lex 19. E laeoca rp us sy lvestris 43. C innam om un rig id issim um 20. E ng elha rd tia rox bu rg h iana 44. M illettia d ielsiana 21. M eliosm a f ord ii 45. Sm ilax oy alif olia 22. A lang ium ch inense 46. R ubus leucanthus 23. A rd isia qu inqueg ona 47. A lchornea trew ioid es 24. M aesa p erla rius 48. E u ry a nitid a Ξ
6 : 557 C f i = F ig n F i + F big n i= 1 i= 1 F bi (i = 1, 2, 3,, n) (222) F i, F bi ; C z, C z i = Z ig n Z i + Z big n i= 1 Z i, Z bi i= 1 Z bi (i = 1, 2, 3,, n) (223) 5 (20 m, 2 m ), 22, 200 m 2 1 000 m 2 10, 12, 1 2 3 2(1994-4-241994-4-28) Tab12The impact of tour ism developmen t on vegetation of M oun t Danx ia (1994-4-241994-4-28) SL Ξ W ΞΞ M H T M T X W X H X L L I F i F b Ξ ΞΞ Z i Z b C g C f C z T E P 1-0192 38 22 10 7 0130 0178 0170 1178 8 2 8 4 014 0120 0123 1127 P 2-0117 29 25 6 3 0123 0189 0150 1145 12 4 11 4 014 0133 0136 1131 P 3-0117 38 26 6 4 0130 0193 0167 1189 12 4 11 4 012 0133 0136 1112 P 4-0177 26 12 5 2 0120 0143 0140 1123 10 2 10 2 015 0122 0119 1166 P 5-0111 29 25 8 5 0123 0189 0162 1174 14 4 7 3 013 0137 0118 2135 Q 9-0103 34 20 5 3 0127 0173 0160 1158 23 3 18 2 012 0140 0130 1153 Q 10-0102 31 18 5 3 0125 0164 0160 1149 45 5 16 4 012 0173 0133 2142 Ξ ΞΞ Ξ Ξ Ξ P,Q : P 1 + P 2 P 3 + P 4 + P 5 + + Q 9 + Q 10+ W 40 m 2 ;M H, T,M T F b, Z b 3 311 31111 (SL ) (L I ), 2
558 53 3 Tab13The compar ison of impact on vegetation between the scen ic spots and non scen ic spots Ξ g% gm 2 X igx 0 g% X igx 0 Q 6 Q 4 Q 5 Q 1 Q 2 Q 8 - (Q uercus, D isty lium comm 1) - (Q uercus, R hoddend ron comm 1) - (Q uercus, P hy lloslachy s comm 1) + (Castanop isi, A ntocarp us comm 1) - (S ch im a, R and ia comm 1) + (S ch im a, A lting ia comm 1) Ξ Ξ 200 0177 50 X 0 34 11 1 7 2011 1 (350) 200 0 75 X 1 31 11 0191 5 1611 0171 (350) 200 (350) 0 95 X 2 17 8 015 2 1118 0129 1000 0192 95 (300) X 0 76 25 1 19 2510 1 1000 0114 95 (350) X 1 51 36 0167 11 2116 0158 1000 0102 98 (380) X 2 50 25 0166 10 2010 0153 Q 7 + (Castanop sis, S ch im a comm 1) (645) 1000 0 90 X 3 44 18 0158 10 2217 01531 Q 9 (P inus, L orop etalum comm 1) Q 11 (P inus, A d inand ra comm 1) Q 14 (P inus, L orop etalum comm 1) 1000 0102 95 X 0 34 17 1 7 2016 1 (300) 1000 0 75 X 1 22 6 0165 4 1812 0157 (160) 1 1000 0 35 X 2 23 4 0168 2 817 0129 (110) Ξ Q 6, Q 1, Q 2, Q 8, Q 9, Ξ Ξ, m (SL ) P 1 > P 4 > P 2, P 3 > P 5 > Q 9 > Q 10 (L I ) P 3 > P 1 > P 5 ( ) > Q 9 > Q 10 > P 2 > P 4, L I, P 4, L I ; P 2, P 3, P 2, P 3 20%17%5% ;, (1 2 3)P 1P 2P 3 :
6 : 559 (L I ),, 20 m P 1 (Q 1), 20 m ; P 3 (Q 2) P 2 10 m, ; P 3 (T E ) P 1, (L I ) P 1,, (SL C g ), 40% ;, P 1 Q 1, 50 71%, 20 60% ; 33% (P 1 (71g60g33) ): P 1 ( 71g60g33) > P 4 (57g30g27) > P 2 (30g18g34) > P 3 (20g28g20) > P 5 (20g12g24) > Q 9, Q 10 (15g10g17),, 31112,,,, 3,,, 1, 013017,, 30%70%, 10 km ( 645 m ),,,, 17, 102 ; 7, 42 ; : 5418% 1714% ; 2216% 618% 3 ;,, 312 :, 2, ;, (T E ), T E, T E,,,, 313, (1) 100 (2),,,,
560 53 (3), (4),,, (References) 1W all G, W righ t C. T he environm ental impact of outdoo r recreation. U niversity of W aterloo, 1997. 2M ath ieson A, W all G. Tourism: econom ic, physical and social impactṡ L ongm an, 1982. 3Song L ifu, Guo L aixi, Yang Guanxiong. D evelopm ent of Beijing and T ianjin area fo r a tourist environm enṫ A cta S cientiae C ircum stan2 tics, 1985, 5 (3) 255265. (3) 255265. ] 4W ang Zirong, H ao X iaopo. Ch ina E nv ironm ental S cience, 1988, 8 (4) 2330. ( In Ch inese) [,,.., 1985, 5 R earch on the change of environm ental quality and the counterm easures in Zhangjiajie national fo rest park.., 1988, 8 (4) 2330. ] ( In Ch inese) [,. 5Sun Shujun. T he scenic ofm ount Sanqing and its environm ental p ro tection. E nv ironm ent and E xp loitation, 1990 (1) 3539. ( In Ch i2 nese) [.., 1990 (1) 3539. ] 6Guangdong Institute of Bo tany CA S. V egetation in Guangdong. Beijing: Science P ress, 1977. 194198. ( In Ch inese) [.., 1977. 194198. ] 7Chen Chuankang, Gao Yugong, Yu Kongjian. A study of tourism developm ent of the D anxia Scenic D istricṫ A cta Geog rap h ica S inica, 1990, 45 (3) 284294. ( In Ch inese) [,,.., 1990, 45 (3) 284294. ] 8Bao J igang, Peng H ua. A study on the expansion developm ent of tourist reso rts T ak ing Yangyuan Section, D anxia Scenic Spo t as an examp le. S cientia Geog rap h ica S inica, 1995, 15 (1) 6370. ( In Ch inese) [,.., 1995, 15 (1) 6370. ] 9W ang X iao jun. 380. T he scenery resource m anagem ent system of the U SA and its m ethod. J ou rnal of N atu ral R esou rces, 1993, 8 (4) 371 ( In Ch inese) [.., 1993, 8 (4) 371380. ],, 1955,, 1980 15
6 : 561 THE IM PACT OF TOUR IST D EVELOPM ENT ON THE VEGETAT ION COVER OF MOUNT DANX IA, GUANGDONG L i Zhen (D ep artm ent of U rban and R esou rce P lanning, Z hong shan U niversity, Guang z hou510275) Bao J igang (Center f or U rban and R eg ional S tud ies, Z hong shan U niversity, Guang z hou510275) Q in Chaofeng (D ep artm ent of E nv ironm ental S cience, Z hong shan U niversity, Guang z hou510275) Key words M ount D anxia, tourist impact, landscape value, sensitivity level Abstract T he impact of tourist developm ent on the environm ent quality of the vegetation eco logy and the quality of scenery m anagem ent of M ount D anxia in Shaoguan, Guangdong is quantitatively analyzed in term s of the value of landscape, tourist impact coefficient and sensitivity level. T he perpendicular p rofiles of five scenic vegetation p lo ts w ere selected in the tourist area to demon2 strate and analyze the visual aesthetics of the scenery. Tw enty2two samp ling quadrats w ere se2 lected to reveal the im pact of tou rist developm en t on the vegetation cover, of w h ich ten are tou rist areas. Several conclu sion s w ere reached. F irst, there w as a 20% decrease of vegetation in the heavily visited tou rist areas. Second, w h ile the vegetation in tou rist areas is p ro tected, 30%70% of the vegetation in non2tourist areas has been destroyed. T hird, the o ld trees near tourist spo ts have suffered from term ite destruction and w ithered as a result of w eakened resis2 tance, w hereas the trees som e distance aw ay from tourist areas w ere often felled by ho tels and temp les fo r fuel. Generally speaking, how ever, tourist developm ent in M ount D anxia has stabi2 lized the p lant group s eco logical environm ent.