24 5 2007 9 Journal of the Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Vol 24 September No 5 2007 :100221175(2007) 0520699206 3 1g 2 1 (1,,, 100081 ; 2,, 100029) (2007 1 19 ; 2007 6 1 ) Che HZ, Shi GY, Zhang XY Aerosol optical characteristics and its direct radiative forcing in BeijingJ ournal of the Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, 2007,24( 5) :699 704 2003 9 2004 12, :500nm,Angstrom,,,,,, X51 1,, (WΠm 2 ),, [1 ] [2 4 ] 2 : (1), ; [5 ] (2), [6 ; ] (, ), [7 ] 20 20 [8 10 ], 20 90, [11 14 ] 20 80, 3 (2006CB403702,2006CB403705) ge2mail :chehz @cams cma gov cn 1994-2007 China Academic Journal Electronic Publishing House All rights reserved http://wwwcnkinet
700 24 [15 20 ],,, NASA 200 AERONET, PHOTONS ;, (SKYNET),, [21, 22 ],, Pom201, Nakajima [13 ] Angstrom, 2 2003 9 2004 12, (391586 N,1161229 E) ( 1),,2004 1, 2004 2 8 2 8, 2003 2004 9 12 9 12 1, 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 68 48 366 201 103 148 141 262 365 313 145 6 17 23 19 11 16 10 23 23 20 9 211 500nm Angstrom 2 : 500nm 3 7, 6, 0192 ;, 014 Angstrom,, ;, 3, 0167, 7, 1130 (12 2 ), 6, 11 2, 2 500nm Angstrom 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 500nm 0129 0149 0160 0162 0196 0149 0136 0141 0131 0132 0134 0119 0131 0134 0143 0139 0138 0128 0124 0125 0119 0119 Angstrom 0170 0167 0180 0194 1117 1130 1127 1105 0186 1103 0178 0145 0139 0134 0141 0127 0123 0135 0135 0131 0128 0132 1994-2007 China Academic Journal Electronic Publishing House All rights reserved http://wwwcnkinet
5, : 701 212 ( 3) 8 01952, 12 01886,,,, -, ( ) 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 01891 01901 01928 01935 01934 01949 01952 01930 01911 01905 01886 01042 01047 01032 01032 01014 01020 01042 01053 01041 01037 01035 213 11 12, ( 4) 012 013 m, 4 m Dubovic [12 ], ;, 3 6 4 (10-2 m 3 Π m 2 ) Π m ΠE202 ΠE202 ΠE202 ΠE202 ΠE202 ΠE202 ΠE202 ΠE202 ΠE202 ΠE202 ΠE202 010121 01695 1105 1165 3111 419 1118 1107 1108 1145 2113 2156 010177 01792 1115 1169 3109 4178 1111 1111 1103 1139 2118 2169 010259 01887 1125 1168 3101 4156 1103 1114 01978 1131 2117 2176 010378 01974 1134 116 2184 4142 01996 1117 01922 1121 211 2172 010553 1103 1141 1151 2165 4199 1135 1134 1 1112 1195 2152 010809 1115 1158 1161 2167 5105 2143 1172 1156 1122 119 2115 01118 1127 1179 211 2193 5114 3128 2108 214 1169 1183 116 01173 1125 1192 2196 3126 5175 3163 2146 3112 2114 1168 1108 01253 01971 1153 2198 3101 6132 3157 2143 2179 1185 1146 1104 0137 01783 1139 2 2121 4149 2161 1146 1172 1104 1135 1135 01541 1104 1196 2 212 2142 1142 01792 1127 0179 01904 019 01791 2116 3188 4108 3138 3118 1158 1127 1181 1144 1153 2138 1116 3166 7115 7162 5141 417 2163 1197 2158 2131 2164 5105 1169 5121 9152 8187 7147 713 3164 2166 3122 2173 3144 6124 2147 6183 1313 1211 1015 1018 4147 4108 4148 4101 4178 812 3162 1016 1816 1714 1519 1612 5112 6122 6119 5149 6157 1114 5129 1319 2116 2014 2013 2116 4161 717 7166 6173 719 1213 7173 1215 1815 1619 20 2112 2188 7136 1013 7177 7177 8181 1113 9109 1416 1217 1914 17 2183 6182 1516 9142 6174 514 1615 8134 18 1818 2718 2017 4108 9192 2512 1413 8127 6177 : 2001 1994-2007 China Academic Journal Electronic Publishing House All rights reserved http://wwwcnkinet
702 24 3 TOMS [23, 24, Rstar 5b ], 5 5 WΠm 2 1 2-17147 11113-6118 4104 11129 8115 3-18199 7149-313 115 15169 718 4-3618 21193-911 6121 2717 17177 5-34158 21143-6174 612 27184 18196 6-58173 20126-11173 7118 47 19176 7-33193 21119-8125 8149 25169 17134 8-25188 15145-4119 5106 21168 13 9-27196 18181-5106 5104 2219 16133 10-21156 14197-4194 4117 16162 12124 11-19118 11124-5118 3121 14 9138 12-20161 10196-6103 4146 14158 8116 311 5, 6 ( - 58175 20126) WΠm 2, 4 5 7, ( - 3618 21193) WΠm 2 ( - 34158 21143) WΠm 2 ( - 33193 21119) WΠm 2,12 2 ( - 20161 10196) WΠm 2 ( - 17147 11113) WΠm 2, 2 312 ( 5) 4 6 7, 6, ( - 11173 7118) WΠm 2 3 8, ( - 313 115) WΠm 2 ( - 4119 5106) WΠm 2 ( - 4) ( - 8) WΠm 2 313 5,, 6, (47 19176) WΠm 2 ; 2, (11129 718) WΠm 2 1, 6 ; 6 12 6, 2004 6,,, 6, 4 (1),500nm,,,Angstrom, 1994-2007 China Academic Journal Electronic Publishing House All rights reserved http://wwwcnkinet
5, : 703 0185, ;,, (2),, ( - 2817 1519) WΠm 2 ; ( - 6143 5105) WΠm 2 ; (22127 13153) WΠm 2 A Uchiyama A Yamazaki [ 1 ] Shi GY Radiative forcing and greenhouse effect due to the atmospheric trace gases Science in China (B), 1992, 35 (2) : 217 229 [ 2 ] Heintzenberg J, Welch RM Retrieval of aerosol size distribution from angular scattering functions : effects of particle composition and shape Applied Optics, 1982, 21 : 822 830 [ 3 ] Hitzenberger R, Rizzi R Retrieved and measured aerosol mass size distributions : a comparison Applied Optics, 1986, 25 : 546 553 [ 4 ] Sokolik I, Andronova A, Johnson TC Complex refractive index of atmospheric dust aerosols Atmospheric Environment, 1993, 27(2) : 495 502 [ 5 ] Jacobson MZ Global direct radiative forcing due to multicomponent anthropogenic and natural aerosols Nature, 2001, 409 : 695 697 [ 6 ] Breon FM, Tanre D, Generoso S Aerosols effect on the cloud droplet size monitored from satellite Science, 2002, 295 : 834 838 [ 7 ] Houghton JT, et al Intergovernmental panel on climate ( IPCC), Third assessment report, climate change 20011 New York : Cambridge Univ Press, 2001 [ 8 ] Linker F Transmission coefficient und trubungs factor Beitraege zur Physik der Atmosphaere, 1922, 10 : 91 [ 9 ] Angstrom A On the atmospheric transmission of sun radiation and on dust in the air Geografisha Annaler, 1929,11 : 156 166 [10 ] Angstrom A On the atmospheric transmission of sun radiation Geografisha Annaler, 1930, 2 : 130 159 [11 ] Dubovik O, Smirnov A, Holben BN, et al Accuracy assessment of aerosol optical properties retrieved from Aerosol Robotic Network (AERONET) sun and sky radiance measurements Journal of Geophysical Research, 2000, 105 : 9791 9806 [12 ] Dubovik O, Holben BN, Eck TF, et al Variability of absorption and optical properties of key aerosol types observed in worldwide locations Journal of Atmospheric Sciences, 2002, 59 : 590 608 [13 ] Nahajima T, Tonna G, Rao R, et al Use of sky brightness measurements from ground for remote sensing of particulate polydispersions Applied Optics, 1996, 35 : 2672 2686 [14 ] Kim DH, Sohn BJ, Nakajima T, et al Aerosol optical properties over East Asia determined from ground2based sky radiation measurements Journal of Geophysical Research,2004,109 :D02209, doi : 1011029Π2003JD003387 [15 ],,, (B), 1983, 10 : 951 962 [16 ],,, 1983, 41 (3) : 322 331 [17 ],, 1996, 20 (4) : 385 394 [18 ] :, 1995, 19 (4) : 385 394 [19 ] Shi GY, Fan X, Guo JD, et al Measurements of the atmospheric aerosols optical properties in HEIFE area In : Proceeding of International Symposium on HEIFE 1994 640 646 [20 ],,, 1998, 22 (4) : 418 427 [21 ],,,, 2002, 13 (Z1) : 136 143 [22 ],,, 2002, 22 (6) : 495 500 [23 ] Nakajima T, Tanaka M Matrix formulations for the transfer of solar radiation in a plane2parallel scattering atmosphere Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer, 1986, 35 : 13 21 [24 ] Nakajima T, Tanaka M Algorithms for radiative intensity calculations in moderately thick atmospheres using a truncation approximation Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer, 1988, 40 : 51 69 1994-2007 China Academic Journal Electronic Publishing House All rights reserved http://wwwcnkinet
704 24 Aerosol optical characteristics and its direct radiative forcing in Beijing CHE Hui2Zheng 1 SHI Guang2Yu 2 ZHANG Xiao2Ye 1 (1 Key Laboratory for Atmospheric Chemistry ( LAC), Centre for Atmosphere Watch and Services ( CAWAS), Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences ( CAMS), CMA, Beijing 100081, China 2 State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China) Abstract The aerosol optical properties have been retrieved from skyradiometer observation data Seasonal variations of aerosol optical properties including Aerosol Optical Depth (AOD), Angstrom exponent (alpha), Single Scattering Albedo (SSA), volume size distribution have been analyzed These retrieval results are inputted into a radiation transfer model and aerosol radiative forcing (ARF) under clear sky condition at Top of Atmosphere ( TOA) and surface are calculated over Beijing The seasonal variation of ARF is discussed Key words skyradiometer, aerosol, optical properties, radiative forcing 1994-2007 China Academic Journal Electronic Publishing House All rights reserved http://wwwcnkinet