: (2010) CERNET. Wheeler. Grubesic Graham Gbps. Townsend. Moss. Huh.

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1 30 9 Vol.30 No ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY Sep : (2010) GDP F29 TU98 A CERNET [11] 209 [12] [13] [14-15] [16] [17] 3 3 Wheeler [1] O Kelly [2] Grubesic [3] Graham 2008 [4] Zook Gbps [5] Townsend [6] Moss [7] Huh [8] Hargittai 1 [9] 1.1 Barnett [10] ;

2 C ij (m) i m j G X ij E C ij (m) = ΣC V il (m-1)x ij 2mn l=1 2 3 v 5 l [18-19] C ij (m) V X ij β i j μ n β = E / V 1 μ = E - V + G 2 6 β T [0 3] μ μ n n T ij = ΣC ij (m) =C ij (1)+C ij (2)+ +C ij (n)=x ij + ΣC ij (m) 6 m = α T ij i γ α = E-V+G / 2V-5G 3 t i = ΣT ij j=1 2 3 v 7 γ = E/ 3 V-2G 4 D α v D ij i j [0 1] α 1-α 1 0 γ D γ ij i d i = ΣD ij j=1 2 3 v , β 1.42 t i d i [15] 2.03 μ t i d i Tab.1 The characters of cities network in the global T i = t i Σt j v j=1 2 3 v 9 internet in 2001 and 2008 E V G β μ α 1-α γ D i = d i Σd j v j=1 2 3 v t i ; , O Kelly [2] D i m = 2

3 D D T 1 T T p< T T D Fig.2 The distribution of D- matrix scores for network p< cities in T Fig.1 The distribution of T- matrix scores for network cities in [8] D D

4 Tab.2 The data and ranking of 4 indicators for 78 network cities in 2008 T D Gbps (6) 13(5) (4) 9(6) (8) 8(9) (1) 15(4) (2) 19(1) [20] (5) 9(6) (32) 2(37) (43) 5(18) (16) 3(29) (67) 3(29) (59) 4(21) (23) 4(21) (61) 2(37) (27) 8(9) (67) 2(37) (67) 2(37) (20) 4(21) (59) 2(37) (67) 2(37) (76) 1(59) (76) 1(59) T GaWC Globalization and World Cities Study Group and Network GAWC Alpha Beta Gamma alpha++ alpha+ alpha alpha- Beta Tab.3 The network cities hierarchy in the global internet in Tab.4 The network cities hierarchy in the global internet in 2001 >150G >2 2 25G< 150G 1 5 5G< 25G 1 4 1G< 5G 1 6 1G 1 4 TeleGeography, Inc., Packet Geography 2002

5 Malecki Alpha [21] GAWC Fig.3 The hierarchical comparison of network cities and world cities in 2001 and 2008 : uk/gawc/gawcworlds.html Alpha Beta Alpha GAWC The Global Financial Centres Index 5 [22] GAWC 4 2 D P<0.01 T P< P<0.0001

6 IPv Choi 82 [23] GDP [24] GDP 3 GDP 4 73 T D P<0.05 IPv P<0.02 T D GDP P< T 73 51(3) P< D B GDP [3] Grubesic T H 4 [1] Wheeler D C O'Kelly M E.Network topology and city accessibility of the commercial Internet[J]. Professional Geographer 1999 [2] O Kelly M E Grubesic T H.Backbone topology access and the commercial Internet [J]. Environment and Planning Planning and Design (4) O Kelly M E Murray A T.A geographic perspective on commercial Internet survivability[j]. Telematics and Informatics (1) [4] Graham S. Global grids of glass on global cities telecommunications and planetary urban networks [J]. Urban Studies the golbal geography of the Internet content market[j]. American Behavi- 4.1 (5/6) [5] Zook M A.Old hierarchies or new networks of centrality oral Scientist (10) T [J]. Environment and Planning B [7] Moss M L 8 can metropolis[j]. The Information Society Journal [6] Townsend A M. The Internet and the rise of the new network cities 28 (1) 39 - Townsend A M.The Internet backbone and the Ameri (1)

7 [8] Hub W Kim H. Information flows on the Internet of Korea[J]. Journal of Urban Technology (1) [9] Hargittai E. Weaving the western web explaining differences in Internet connectivity among OECD countries[j]. Telecommunications Policy (10/11) [10] Barnett G A Chon B Rosen D. The structure of the Internet flows in cyberspace[j]. Netcom (1/2) [11]. geography.com/ee/supplemental_files/pdf.php?pdf_file=pg02_ ex [J] ec_sum.pdf&pub_code=free_resources (5) [21] Malecki E. The economic geography of the Internet s infrastructure[j]. Economic Geography (4) [12]. [J] (3) [13] [J] (4) [14] [J] (3) [15]. [J] (2). Index 5[R/OL]. http // [23] Choi H Barnett G Chon B. Comparing world city networks a network analysis of Internet backbone and air transport intercity [16]. [J] (8) [17]. [J] (4) [18]. [M] [19]. [J] (6) [20] Telegeography. Packet Geography 2002[R/OL]. http // [22] Mark Y Jeremy H Nick D et al. The Global Financial Centres eys/gfci.htm linkages[j]. Global Networks (1) [24]. ( )[M] THE ACCESSIBILITY AND HIERARCHY OF NETWORK CITIES IN THE GLOBAL INTERNET SUN Zhong - wei 1,HE Jun - liang 1,JUN Feng - jun 2 (1.Department of Resource & Environment,Shijiazhuang College,Shijiazhuang ,Hebei,China; 2. Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing ,China) Abstract: According to the global Internet map of 2008, we measured the total accessibility matrix (T) and the shimble distance matrix (D) of 79 network nodes using network analysis methods, and established 78 network cities hierarchy on the basis of total accessibility matrix, shimble distance matrix, total bandwidth and connectivity data of city itself. This paper indicated that world cities had the advantage of original selection of Internet international export, and the role of geographic location was still very important. The total accessibility matrix of every network city has significant location bias of the United States and Europe, in which New York, London, Frankfurt, Paris, Amsterdam and Washington are the keys. The top eight cities in the network cities hierarchy are the keys of every city's shimble distance matrix. The network cities hierarchy in the global Internet is a kind of new hierarchy based on the old world city hierarchies. Every city's ranking in the network cities hierarch has a strong correlation with the role in the global Internet, global financial centre index, international air traffic, GDP and synthesized competitiveness of city itself. Key words: network city; cities network;accessibility;urban hierarchy;global Internet sunzhongwei@126.com