ACTA SCIEN TIAE CIRCUMSTAN TIAE

18 6 1998 11 ACTA SCIEN TIAE CIRCUMSTAN TIAE Vol. 18,No. 6 Nov.,1998 (, 215011). ;, 21. ; ;. 1 70,, 90.,,.,,,.,,.,,,, 4, :, ( ),.,. 2 211 1996 6 5, 1995, 818. [1 ], 1981 2125, 1986, 5. 1986 1995, 9.,, 1981, 0146. 1 1. Fig. 1 The total numbers of personnel in the de2 partments of environmental protection ad2 2. 1 2, ministration 76 %,.,1994 1. 1

6 : 643,,,,. 1 1994 Table 1 The percentage of personnel in the depart2 ments of environmental protection adminis2 tration, 2110 4151 2106, % 24 52 24 212 2 Fig. 2 The total number of administrative and sci2tech per2 sonnel in the departments of environmental protec2 tion administration over the years 1994 7583, 86700, (, ) (, ) (, ), 2. 2,,., ( ), :. 1994 3. 3,. 3 2 Table 2 The distribution of three2level organization and personnel involved, 218 1508 5858, % 3 20 77, 0189 2198 4180, % 10 34 56, : ( ). 3 1994 Table 3 The distribution of provincial organizations and their personnel in 1994, 30 27 37 23 101, 0115 0127 0128 0104 0115 1994 4. 4, 1134, 2198. 4 1994 Table 4 The distribution of organizations and personnel at the city level in 1994, 356 194 377 288 293, 0165 0133 1134 0134 0131

644 18 1994 5. 5 1994 Table 5 The distribution of environmental protection organizations and their personnel at the county level in 1994, 2005 1808 1348 696, 1167 1193 0188 0131, 8167 6. 6 1994 Table 6 The distribution of personnel in the departments of environmental protection administration in the country in 1994, 2147 016 3155 1126 0179, % 28 7 41 15 9 213, 39, 20 ( ).. 7..,.,. 7 Table 7 The educational background distribution of personnel in the departments of environmental protection administration at provincial, municipal and county levels, % 16 46 30 7, % 3 46 34 17, % 37 29 34 214 Ξ,, 40 %, 10 %,,,,.,, 8. 9.,,.,,. Ξ. 1996 3

6 : 645 8 (1994 ) Table 8 The proportions of three kinds of professional title holders in the departments of environ2 mental protection administration (1994) 9 Table 9 The percentage of professional title holders in the departments of environmental protection administration at municipal and county Levels, 0131 1135 2159, % 7 32 61, % 18 46 36, % 6 22 72 215,, 10 Table 10 The specialty structure of personnel in the de2, partments of environmental protection admin2. istration in Jiangsu Province,, 47 %., 10 Ξ. 10, 60 %,,.,,. 216, %, 2612 1460 2413 1354 1617 931 616 368 519 329 314 190 116 89 115 84 1318 769 ΞΞ, 11.,,. 11 Table 11 A Comparison of the Age Distribution of Sci2Tech Personnel in the Departments of Environmental Protection Administration Between in Land and Hong Kong < 30 31 40 41 50 > 50, % 32 2711 2614 1415, % 39 50 10 1 217, GNP 3, ( ) 12. 1993 GNP [2 ] 13. 13, GNP,,.. GNP. Ξ Ξ.,1996 10.,1966 3

646 18 12 Table 12 The provinces in the east, central and west ragions China ( ) 13 1993 Table 13 The distribution of environmental protection personnel, population and economic density in the east, central and west regions of China GNP, % 5610 3214 1116, % 3912 4413 1415, / km 2 16719 4117 5188, 3147 2179 1123, % 4613 3712 1614 3 311,,., 14. 1992,, 15. :. 14 Table 14 Change of total number of environmental protection personnel in different trades of the country s 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990, 1413 14157 15158 15175 16126 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995, 16190 17119 1814 ( ) Ξ 15 1992 Table 15 The distribution of environmental protection personnel in China s different trades in 1992,, 2159 0144 2128 0144 1177 0138 1168 0129 1148 0118 1136 0115 0191 0115 0164 0114 0150 0113 0144 17120 Ξ..,1996 11

6 : 647 312 [1 ], 16,,. 16 Table 16 The age distribution of environmental protection personnel in different trades < 35 35 45 45 55 > 55, % 3516 2616 2515 1213 17.,, GNP. 313. 1989, 2105,,, 83 %, 0120, 17 Table 17 The area distribution of environmental protection personnel in different trades, 9107 5192 2116, % 5219 3415 1216 10 %,.,., 28 % Ξ. 4. 1988. [3 ].,., 1989, 2529, 3218, 314, 1014 %, 38 ; 1928, 397, ( ) 204, 28 24, 412.,,,. 1994 1995 [4 ], 1993, 8651, 188120, 450111, 311148, 40191. 3 4, 18. 19. Ξ.,1996 11

648 18 3 (1993) Fig. 3 The distribution of the business scope of the country s environmental protection industry (1993) 4 (1993) Fig. 4 The distribution of employees involved in dif2 ferent fields of China s environmental protec2 tion industry (1993),,,., 250 300, 1993. 1993 1989, 10 %, 1818., 1994 45 [4 ],, 415. 18 (1993) Table 18 The area distribution of annual output valne of the contry s environmental protection industry (1993), 31 5 8 3 5 1 3 < 1 19 (1993) Table 19 The number of environmental protection products and their manufacturers (1993),,,, 1386 23182 38122 4181 1371 21147 45127 5108 109 219 2168 0137 408 9128 6120 0179 4 0155 0121 0103 138 3115 2125 013 238 4107 9144 2101

6 : 649 5, : 1. (7141 ) (1126 ) (1814 ) (1818 ) 4. 2. 4 : 5163, 0195, 5115, 415. 3.,,. 4.. 5.,. 6.,. 1 1 (1987 1991) 1 :,1993 1994 2 1 (1990 1994). : 3 1,,1992 (6) :13 4 1 1 CEPI,1996 (4) :6 7 AN ANALYSIS OF THE PRESENT SITUATION OF CHINA S HIGH2 ER ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION PERSONNEL Yao Yanxiang, Liu Jinchun, Wei Baoren, Zhou Changming (Suzhou Institute of Urban Construction and Environmental Protection, Suzhou 215011) ABSTRACT This paper analyses China s higher environmental protection personnel according to the working systems they belong to. A detailed analysis is made on the present situation of the environmental personnel in the depart ments of evironmental protection administration in terms of their quantity, organi2 zational structure, educational background structure, professional titles structure, age structure and area distribution ; also, the paper gives an explicit description of the present situation of higher environmental protection personnel in different trades and environmental protection industry, and provides theoretical grounds for prediction of the demand of higher environmental protection personnel in China at the turn of the 21s century. Keywords environmental protection, personnel, present situation.