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2012 33 12 (, 361005) (Litopenaeus vannamei Boone,1931) (Cuzon,2004) (Liao 2011) 2010 134.8 (2011 ) 1 2012-04-05 [2010NZ0002-2]!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!, 0.025% P<0.05,0.05% P<0.05 P>0.05 β-, P<0.05 3, β-, β- 10 5.5 /g 10 6.4 /g, β- 10 7.0 /g 10 7.7 /g 2004, β- laramie_liu@139.com 23

0.4% 0.1% 0.2%( 2009) 1.1 (SGR) A(Vitamin A VA) (T-AOC)(P<0.05) D(Vitamin D VD) E(Vitamin E VE) K(Vitamin K VK) (fat-soluble vitamins) VK VA VD VE (He,1992) ( 2009) 80 mg/kg VA, 4 (P<0.05), (P<0.05) P<0.05 WSSV ( 76.3%) P>0.05 11 ( 23.7%) VA SOD CAT GPX mrna (P< P>0.05 VA 0.05) ( 2010) P<0.05 1.2 P>0.05 VA (water-soluble vitamins) (P<0.05) C(Vitamin C VC) B VC VA ( ( ) 36 mg/kg) (P<0.05) VC,, VA VC,VC 4, VC VA 22.50 mg/kg 11 (He,1993a) VC VA 18 mg/kg 0.1 g VA, VC 120 mg/g, 59.51 mg/kg 2007, VC (Cuzon,2004) VE VE (PL10)VC 100 mg/kg VC, VE 90~100 mg/kg He 1993 80 mg/kg 4 VC, 5% 130 mg/kg VE 200 mg/kg Ruff VC (Lavens,1999) 5% 2001 VE, VC 100 mg/kg, (Ruff,2001) VE SOD CAT VC 19.09 mg/kg GPX GST,, VE Liu 2007 VE VC 36.02 mg/kg ( 2009) VC- 2010 2- (AAPP) 31~ 62 mg/kg 15 mg/kg 24

25 mg/kg AAPP (P>0.05) B, (0.55±0.03) g 90%; AAPP B 1 (Vitamin B 1 VB 1 )19.70~50.80 mg/kg AAPP(15 25 mg/kg) (P<0.05) VB 1 (Cuzon,2004) P>0.05 VB 1 50.80 mg/kg (2 000 mg/kg) (TKA) VB 1 (0.83 mg/kg) (Kontara,1997) (P<0.05) P>0.05 36 d, 130 mg/kg ( ) TKA Lavens 1999 VB 1 23.90 23.70 mg/kg VC VC 2010 3 β- (López 2003) B Vitamin 6 B 6 VB 6 C-2-106.95~151.92 mg/kg Li 2010 3 0 75 150 300 600 mg/kg 10 VB 6 4 VC-2-200 mg/kg VB 6 P>0.05 10 VC-2- P<0.05 VB 6 P<0.05 P>0.05 C VC-2- VB 6 (P<0.05) VC ( 300 mg/kg ) 2010 150 mg/kg VC 2004a VC VE VA VC VB 1 VB 6 (P<0.05); VC 120 mg/kg (P>0.05) VC VC P<0.05 (, 2004b) VC, (SOD CAT GPX GST), (Wang,2006) L-ascorbyl-2-polyphosphate LAPP 1 VC, 2 VC 191 mg/kg; (Minerals) (Macro elements) (Micro elements) VC 360 mg/kg(niu 2009) VC 25

17 17 1.5% 2004 0% 1% 2% (0% 0.5% 1% 1.5% 2%) 15 8,, ( 0.77%) 0.93% 1% 2% 1 A D E K B 1 B 2 10 000 IU/kg 5 000 IU/kg 300 mg/kg 5 mg/kg 50 mg/kg 40 mg/kg 75 mg/kg 200 mg/kg B 6 B 12 C 5 mg/kg 0.1 mg/kg 1 mg/kg 300 mg/kg 400 mg/kg 1 000 mg/kg 10 mg/kg 2.1 0% 0.05% 0.10% 0.20% 0.40% 0.80% 1.60% (Ca) (P) (Na) (K) 3.20% 6.40% 12.80% [ (1.041~1.104) g] (P<0.05) P>0.05 0.80% 0% 3.20% 6.40% 12.80% RNA Co Co ( 2006) (0% 1% 2% 4%) P Ca 4% P (P<0.01) 0.35% Ca 0.5%~1.0% 1.0% P Ca 2% (Cheng 2006) KH 2 PO 4 2H 2 O, 2.09%~2.20% KH 2 PO 4 2H 2 O 1.0%( 2009) 1.0%~2.0% 2.0% P Ca P 4% Ca P 2(Davis 1990) (P<0.05) (0% 0.75% 1.5%) (0% 0.75% 1.5%) (P>0.05) ( 4 17 30) 4% ( 2008) 0%( ) 1% 2% > > > 4% 4 40 d > 4 26

H (Survival) (PER) (FCR) (P>0.05)( 2009) 1.5 30 [ (5.27±0.20) g] > 0%( ) (P> 0.5% 1.0% 2.0% 4 50 d 0.05) (CER) (P> (1.5) (SGR) 0.05) Met-16 Fum-32 (GH) (P<0.05) (FCR) (P<0.05) (P<0.05) 2.0% (FCR) (P<0.05) (,2010) (P<0.05) (Zn) Zn 110 mg/kg (Davis 2.0% 1993) 20 40 (P< 60 80 100 mg/kg 4 0.05) 30 10 (SGR)(P<0.05)( (PO) (AKP) ) (P<0.05)(, 2009) 4 10 K + 10 g/kg, Na + PO (Roy 2007) AKP 2.2 AKP 2 (Cu) 40~60 mg/kg 2006 2011 0 50 150 mg/kg mrna Toll mrna Cu 34 mg/kg 120 mg/kg Toll mrna mr- (Davis 1993) NA 30 mg/kg 150 mg/kg (SOD) 50 mg/kg 73.25 mg/kg 2003 Toll mrna mrna 10 mg/kg (Mg), ( 2007) (0.74± Mg, 0.12%(Liu 1996) 0.01) g Mg 3 (SGR) Mg Roy 2007 27

Mg 2+ (Roy 2009) 1 (Se) (GSH-Px) Se 2 0.2~0.4 mg/kg (Davis 1990) 3 Se (GSH) 4 Se GSH 0.1 mg/kg 120 mg/kg, ( 2009) [1] Se VE [D].,2009. VE Se [2],, 400 mg/kg 0.4 mg/kg ( 2010) (Fe) WSSV B 1 [J]. [5], 180 mg/kg( ) (Páez-Osuna,1995) (Kanazawa,1984;Davis,1992), (Kanazawa 60 mg/kg 84-89. 1984) 80 mg/kg (Mn),2007,19(6):698-705. [9], 2007(1): 1-4. Mn [10], 2011. [11],,,. [J].,2004a, 28(6):592-598. Mn(Liu 1997).,. [J]., 2006, 30(11):64-68. [3]. [D].,2010. [4],,. (Litopenaeus vannamei ),2010, 22(4):977-984.,. [J]., 2009,30(5):40-46. [6],,,. [J].,2008,29(6): [7],,,. B 6 [J]., 2010, 22(3): 634-639. [8],,,. A [J].. [J].,. VC [D]. C [12],,,. C [J].,2004b,28(8): 3 9-13. [13],, (Litopaneaus vannamei) [J].,2010,41(4):577-583. [14],,.. E (Litopenaeus vannamei) [J]., 2010,41(1):68-84. 28 [15],,,.

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