2006, 33 (2) : Acta Horticulturae Sinica 223 228 (, 271018) :,,, :, ; 10 / (1615 g/m 2 ), 218, 115 ;,,, ;, Pn, : ; ; ; ; : S 66511: A : 05132353X (2006) 0220223206 Effect of Fertilizer Be ing Bag2con trolled Relea se on N itrogen Utiliza tion Ra te, Growth and Fru iting of Zhanhua W in ter Da te ( Zizyphus ju juba M ill. var. inerm is Rehd. ) Peng Futian, Peng Yong, Zhou Peng, and Zhang Shoushi ( College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong A gricultural U niversity, Taiπan 271018, China) Abstract: B ag controlled release fertilizer was a new type fertilizer which changed the idea of sp raying high molecular materials to fertilizer particles according to the big individual volume characteristics of fruit trees. Experiments about effect of fertilizer being bag2controlled release on nitrogen utilization rate, grow th and fruiting were done using Zhanhua W inter Date ( Z izyphus ju juba M ill. var. inerm is Rehd. ) as materials, the results showed that: Soil available nutrients concentration of fertilizer being bag controlled release app lica2 tion treatm ents (BCRT) was more steadier than that of fertilizer being sp read app lication treatments ( ST) ; N utilization rate for BCRT trees was 218 and 115 tim es as high as that for fertilizer being sp read app lication in one tim e treatments and in four times treatments trees respectively; Trees of BCRT were healthier but genera2 ted less jujube shoot than trees of ST due to steady nutrients concentration in soil; A t the same app lication amount level chlorophyll content and Pn of BCRT trees were steadier and higher than those of ST; BCRT sig2 nificantly increased yield and fruit quality. Key words: Z izyphus ju juba M ill. var. inerm is Rehd. ; B ag2controlled release fertilizer; N utilization rate; Yield; Quality,,,, 1, 2,, 10% 15% 3, 2, 215 8, : 2005-08 - 30; : 2005-12 - 01 : (J05K01) ; (2005DS06006)
224 33 4,, 5,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 1 2002 2004, 7,, 3 m 4 m, 511 g/kg, 3514 mg/kg, 1012 mg/kg, 14718 mg/kg, 1045 m 3 /hm 2, (N P 2 O 5 K 2 O 20 20 15),,, 100 g, 50, 210 d Treatment 1 Table 1 Fertilizer trea tm en t N P 2 O 5 K 2 O BCRF1, CFS12, CFS12 140 140 105 BCRF2, CFS22, CFS22 200 200 150 BCRF3, CFS32, CFS32 260 260 195 BCRF4, CFS42, CFS42 320 320 240 Control 0 0 0 : BCRF: ; : 4 ; / ( g/p lant) CFS2 :, CFS2 1 4 7 10 13 16 Note: BCRF: Bag controlled release fertilizer; CFS2 : Com2 pound fertilizer sp reading app lication in one time; CFS2 : Compound fertilizer spreading application in four times. 1-4 stands for the fertiliz2 er application rates of 7, 10, 13, 16 bags per plant respeitively. 4, 12 ( 1 ), 4 ( 7 / 10 / 13 / 16 / ) (4) 1, 3 5, 2 3, 1 ( 4, 5, 7, 8 4), 5 1,, 3,,, N ahco 3 015mol/L, ; 1 mol/l, 5 7, 5, ( Pn) ( SPAD502 ),, PP System C IRA S21 9 25 ( 30 % ),, 15 N - (, 10122% ) ( 15 N - = 1 9), 3, BCRF2, CFS22, CFS22,, 3, : (> 012 cm ) ( 012 cm ) ( ), 3, 105 110 30 m in, 80, 0125 mm,, MAT2251 15 N, 6
2 : 225 2 211,,,, 1 2 4 2002, BCRF2 BCRF4 ( +, Nm in),,,,, ;,,, ;,,,,, 135 d,, 3,, 1 32 4 2003 2004,, 2002 15 N,, 1615 g/m 2 (10 /, BCRF2), 218, 1 ( 2002) BCRF2 BCRF4 CFS22CFS22CFS42CFS42 Fig. 1, 1 Changes of ava ilable nutrients in different treatment soil BCRF2, BCRF4, CFS221, CFS222, CFS421, CFS422, Control see Table 1. The same below. 115, ( 2),,,,, 212,,,, ( 1), 7, 3,, ( 3),,,
226 33,, 4 5, 1 2 Treatment O rgan 2 Table 2 Effect of fertilizer bag con trolled on N utiliza tion ra te D ry mass( g/p lant) Total N ( % ) Ndff ( % ) Ndff ( g) Rate of N utilization ( % ) CFS22 Fine root 1491123 1162 1133 0132 1161 Coarse root 4813124 1124 1114 0168 3140 Trunk 7536176 1115 0199 0186 4129 Perennial branches 3744148 1127 1124 0159 2195 Jujube shoot 625116 1132 1142 0112 0159 Second lateral branches 1141154 1130 1135 0120 1100 Jujube fruit shoot 281141 2131 1157 0110 0151 Leaf 1175112 2172 1136 0143 2117 Fruit 3006182 1132 1120 0148 2138 Plant 3178 18190C CFS22 Fine root 1616172 1178 1178 0151 2156 Coarse root 4325113 1135 1187 1109 5146 Trunk 8050112 1122 1140 1137 6187 Perennial branches 3546158 1131 2106 0196 4179 Jujube shoot 414177 1143 2150 0115 0174 Second lateral branches 1309139 1146 2175 0153 2163 Jujube fruit shoot 425182 2142 2142 0125 1125 Leaf 1428105 2184 2131 0194 4168 Fruit 3165159 1144 2107 0194 4172 Plant 6174 33170B BCRF2 Fine root 1695182 1174 2146 0173 9160 Coarse root 4435168 1133 2155 1150 5100 Trunk 8054184 1120 2134 2126 52150 Perennial branches 4427111 1133 2168 1158 6160 Jujube shoot 396112 1148 3123 0119 12120 Second lateral branches 1638182 1162 3117 0184 15150 Jujube fruit shoot 476173 2143 3136 0139 4120 Leaf 1528122 2187 3131 1145 1130 Fruit 3705179 1141 3102 1158 3918B Plant 10152 52160A : P < 0101 P < 0105, Ndff ( % ) = 15 N % / 15 N % 100, Ndff ( g) = ( g) N( % ) Ndff ( % ), ( % ) =Ndff ( g) / ( g) 100 Note: D ifferent cap ital and small letters stand for P < 0101 and P < 0105, respectively. The same as below. Ndff ( % ) = 15 N atom excess in p lant/ 15 N atom excess in fertilizer, Ndff ( g) =O rgan dry mass ( g) O rgan N concentration ( % ) =Ndff ( g) of p lant/fertilizer app lication amount ( g) 100.,,, ( 2) 213 4 3, (),,,,,, Ndff ( % ), N utilization rate ( % ) 3 Table 3 Effect of fertilizer bag con trolled on jujube shoot genera tive ra te ( % ) Treatment Year BCRF 1618EFde 614Ghi 710GH j CFS12 2218Bb 2117Dd 2318De CFS12 1817Cc 1711Ee 1914Eg BCRF2 814Ed 712Gh 811Gij CFS22 3018Aa 2719Bb 3014Bb CFS22 1619Cc 2216CDd 2114DEF BCRF3 914Ef 1012Fg 918Gi CFS32 3115Aa 3217Aa 3319Aa CFS32 2319Bb 2514BCc 2415CDde BCRF4 1116Ee 1218Ff 1319Fh CFS42 3212Aa 3416Aa 3317Aa CFS42 2419Bb 2618Bbc 2710Cc Control 510Fe 418Gi 417Hk
2 : 227 F ig. 2 3 2 Effect of fertilizer bag con trolled on chlorophyl SPAD read ing and Pn Data were average values of index in three years. 20022003 2, 115 1112004 1 2, 3 4,,, 2004 1, 116 114 ; 20044, 2 3 4, 1, 2 (CFS22 ), BCRF1115, BCRF1 85%, 3, 4 Table 4 Effect of fertilizer trea tm en ts on y ield Treatment Year BCRF1 1012De 1119Bd 1318Aa CFS12 810Gh 813H i 817EFf CFS12 911Ef 916Df 917Dd BCRF2 1216Aa 1313Aa 1316Aa CFS22 815Fg 911EGg 910Ee CFS22 1113Cd 1117Bd 1118Cc BCRF3 1215Aa 1218Ab 1213Bb CFS32 911Ef 915DEf 911Ee CFS32 1116BCc 1210Bcd 1116Cc BCRF4 1119Bb 1212Bc 1211BCb CFS42 819Ef 817GHh 816Fg CFS42 1114Ccd 1114Ce 1117Cc Control 714H i 615 Ij 613Gh ( kg/p lant), 5,,,, 2002 2, 25%, 15%,,, Treatment Average single fruit mass( g) 5 Table 5 Effect of fertilizer trea tm en ts on fru it qua lity Colored fruit rate ( % ) Sugar content( % ) BCRF1 1614EFf 1818Cd 2111ABbc 8913Aab 8712Aab 8515Aa 2216ABb 2113ABab 2110Aa CFS12 1518Fg 1517Df 1611Dg 4817Dd 5014BCe 4616Cd 2014CDEde 2017ABCabc 1919ABde CFS12 1612EFfg 1613De 1615Dfg 6511BCc 6214Bc 6013BCbc 2116BCc 2019ABCab 2011ABcd BCRF2 2013Aab 2113Aa 2118Aa 9516Aa 9311Aa 8611Aa 2315Aa 2115Aa 2018ABab CFS22 1612EFfg 1616De 1615Dfg 4918Dd 4713Ce 5112Ccd 1919DEef 1917Cef 1918ABde CFS22 1716CDe 1918BCc 1819Ce 6713Bc 6015BCcd 6015BCbc 2113BCDc 1919BCdef 2011ABcd BCRF3 2010ABb 2116Aa 2112ABab 9114Aab 8718Aab 8017Aa 2019CDEcd 2016ABCbc 2017ABabc CFS32 1712DEe 1612Def 1616Dfg 4713Dd 5211BCde 4611Cd 1918DEef 1918BCdef 1916ABde CFS32 1815Cd 1913Ccd 2016ABbcd 5216CDd 4714Ce 5415BCcd 2010CDEef 1919BCdef 2010ABde BCRF4 2015Aa 2114Aa 2015ABcd 8211Ab 7917Ab 6713ABb 2112BCDEc 2011ABCcde 2012ABbcd CFS42 1912BCc 1614De 1618Df 4517Dd 4312Ce 4714Cd 1916Eef 1914Cf 1913Be CFS42 2014Aab 2016ABb 2012BCd 4718Dd 4611Ce 4815Cd 1918DEef 1915Cf 1914Be Control 1412Gh 1319Eg 1317Eh 5413BCd 5016BCe 4917Cd 2011CDEde 1919BCdef 1918ABde
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