- PDF ΔΩΡΕΑΝ Λήψη

v R = c v 2 v P = R v = v 3 v n P = n 3

v 1 v = n 1 n P 1 P = c 1 c P 1 P = n 1 c 1 n 3 c = v 1 v 3 3 3 c P P = c v 4.5 P = c v 4 P = c v 3.5 v 1 = 24 v 2 = 18 c 1 c 1 4.5 = v 1 c 2 v 4.5 2 = 244.5 = 3.65 c 2 184.5

c 2 = 0.274 c 1 C 2 = 1.33 0.274 C 1 C 2 = 0.365 C 1 C

S + O 2 SO 2 SO 2 + 1 2 O 2 SO 3 SO 3 + H 2 O H 2 SO 4 2 5 2 3 3 3

o C o C o C

2 primary secondary primary

Air Filter Pressure drop (mmw) 25 20 15 10 5 Comparative diagram of air filter pressure drop Shop test Simulation 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 Engine load (%) 220 200 Comparative diagram of compressed air temperature at the air cooler inlet Air Temperature at the Cooler Inlet ( o C) 180 160 140 120 100 80 60 40 Shop test Simulation 20 20 40 60 80 100 120 Engine load (%)

35000 Comparative diagram of main engine s brake power 30000 Brake power(kw) 25000 20000 15000 10000 Shop test Simulation 5000 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 Engine load (%) 220 200 Comparative diagram of specific fuel oil consumption Shop test Simulation bsfc (gr/kwhr) 180 160 140 120 100 20 40 60 80 100 120 Engine load (%)

Compression Pressure (bar(g)) 160 140 120 100 80 60 40 Comparative diagram of cylinder compression pressure 20 20 40 60 80 100 120 Engine load (%) Shop test Simulation Cylinder Temperature ( o C) 400 380 360 340 320 300 280 Comparative diagram of cylinder temperature Shop test Simulation 260 20 40 60 80 100 120 Engine load (%)

Exhaust Gas Backpressure (mmw) 300 250 200 150 100 Comparative diagram of exhaust gas backpressure 50 Shop test Simulation 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 Engine load (%) 3 Comparative diagram of exhaust gas pressure Exhaust Gas Pressure (bar(g)) 2.5 2 1.5 1 0.5 Shop test Simulation 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 Engine load (%)

Exhaust Gas Temperature at the Turbine Inlet ( o C) 450 400 350 300 250 200 150 Comparative diagram of exhaust gas temperature at the turbine inlet Shop test Simulation 100 20 40 60 80 100 120 Engine load (%) Exhaust Gas Temperature at the Turbine Outlet ( o C) 350 300 250 200 150 100 Comparative diagram of exhaust gas temperature at the turbine outlet Shop test Simulation 50 20 40 60 80 100 120 Engine load (%)

Comparative diagram of turbocharger rotational speed 12000 11000 10000 9000 N(RPM) 8000 7000 6000 5000 4000 Shop test Simulation 3000 20 40 60 80 100 120 Engine load (%) Maximum Pressure (bar(g)) 150 140 130 120 110 100 90 80 70 Comparative diagram of cylinder maximum pressure Shop test Simulation 60 20 40 60 80 100 120 Engine load (%)

Scavenge Air Pressure (bar(g)) 4 3.5 3 2.5 2 1.5 1 0.5 Comparative diagram of scavenge air pressure 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 Engine load (%) Shop test Simulation Scavenge Air Temperature (Celsius) 40 35 30 25 Comparative diagram of compressed air temperature at the air cooler outlet (Scavenge air temperature) 20 20 40 60 80 100 120 Engine load (%) Shop test Simulation

max comp

70 60 Indicator diagram comparison at 15% of engine load normal T/C cut-out Pressure (bar) 50 40 30 20 10 0 0 60 120 180 240 300 360 Crankshaft angle (Deg.) 80 70 Indicator diagram comparison at 20% of engine load normal T/C cut-out Pressure (bar) 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 0 60 120 180 240 300 360 Crankshaft angle (Deg.)

100 90 80 Indicator diagram comparison at 25% of engine load normal T/C cut-out Pressure (bar) 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 0 60 120 180 240 300 360 Crankshaft angle (Deg.) 120 100 Indicator diagram comparison at 31% of engine load normal T/C cut-out Pressure (bar) 80 60 40 20 0 0 60 120 180 240 300 360 Crankshaft angle (Deg.)

120 100 Indicator diagram comparison at 35% of engine load normal T/C cut-out Pressure (bar) 80 60 40 20 0 0 60 120 180 240 300 360 Crankshaft angle (Deg.) 120 100 Indicator diagram comparison at 40% of engine load normal T/C cut-out Pressure (bar) 80 60 40 20 0 0 60 120 180 240 300 360 Crankshaft angle (Deg.)

140 120 Indicator diagram comparison at 45% of engine load normal T/C cut-out Pressure (bar) 100 80 60 40 20 0 0 60 120 180 240 300 360 Crankshaft angle (Deg.) 140 120 Indicator diagram comparison at 50% of engine load normal T/C cut-out Pressure (bar) 100 80 60 40 20 0 0 60 120 180 240 300 360 Crankshaft angle (Deg.)

Pressure (bar) 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 Indicator diagram comparison Normal condition 0 60 120 180 240 300 360 Crankshaft angle (Deg.) 15% 20% 25% 31% 35% 40% 45% 50% Pressure (bar) 140 120 100 80 60 40 Indicator diagram comparison Condition with one turbocharger cut out 15% 20% 25% 31% 35% 40% 45% 50% 20 0 0 60 120 180 240 300 360 Crankshaft angle (Deg.)

100 Cylinder pressure increase over the engine load due to T/C cut-out Mean increase in Cylinder Pressure (%) 80 60 40 20 0 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 Engine load(%) o

160000 140000 Heat release rate comparison at 15% of engine load normal T/C cut-out HRR (Joules/Deg.) 120000 100000 80000 60000 40000 20000 0 180 190 200 210 220 230 Crankshaft angle (Deg.)

140000 120000 Heat release rate comparison at 20% of engine load normal T/C cut-out HRR (Joules/Deg.) 100000 80000 60000 40000 20000 0 180 190 200 210 220 230 Crankshaft angle (Deg.) 160000 140000 Heat release rate comparison at 25% of engine load normal T/C cut-out HRR (Joules/Deg.) 120000 100000 80000 60000 40000 20000 0 180 190 200 210 220 230 Crankshaft angle (Deg.)

160000 140000 Heat release rate comparison at 31% of engine load normal T/C cut-out HRR (Joules/Deg.) 120000 100000 80000 60000 40000 20000 0 180 190 200 210 220 230 Crankshaft angle (Deg.) 180000 160000 Heat release rate comparison at 35% of engine load normal T/C cut-out HRR (Joules/Deg.) 140000 120000 100000 80000 60000 40000 20000 0 180 190 200 210 220 230 Crankshaft angle (Deg.)

180000 160000 Heat release rate comparison at 40% of engine load normal T/C cut-out HRR (Joules/Deg.) 140000 120000 100000 80000 60000 40000 20000 0 180 190 200 210 220 230 Crankshaft angle (Deg.) 200000 180000 Heat release rate comparison at 45% of engine load normal T/C cut-out HRR (Joules/Deg.) 160000 140000 120000 100000 80000 60000 40000 20000 0 180 190 200 210 220 230 Crankshaft angle (Deg.)

200000 180000 Heat release rate comparison at 50% of engine load normal T/C cut-out HRR (Joules/Deg.) 160000 140000 120000 100000 80000 60000 40000 20000 0 180 190 200 210 220 230 Crankshaft angle (Deg.) HRR (Joules/Deg.) 200000 180000 160000 140000 120000 100000 80000 60000 40000 20000 Heat release rate comparison-normal condition 15% 20% 25% 31% 35% 40% 45% 50% 0 180 190 200 210 220 230 Crankshaft angle (Deg.)

Heat release rate comparison-condition with one turbocharger cut out HRR (Joules/Deg.) 200000 180000 160000 140000 120000 100000 80000 60000 40000 20000 0 180 190 200 210 220 230 Crankshaft angle (Deg.) 15% 20% 25% 31% 35% 40% 45% 50%

Percentage difference of the total amount of heat released (%) 10 8 6 4 2 0-2 -4 Fluctuation of the total heat released over the engine load due to T/C cut-out 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 Engine load(%)

1100 1000 900 800 Average temperature comparison at 15% of engine load normal T/C cut-out T( o C) 700 600 500 400 300 0 60 120 180 240 300 360 Crankshaft angle (Deg.)

1000 900 Average temperature comparison at 20% of engine load normal T/C cut-out 800 T( o C) 700 600 500 400 300 0 60 120 180 240 300 360 Crankshaft angle (Deg.) 1000 900 Average temperature comparison at 25% of engine load normal T/C cut-out 800 T( o C) 700 600 500 400 300 0 60 120 180 240 300 360 Crankshaft angle (Deg.)

1000 900 Average temperature comparison at 50% of engine load normal T/C cut-out 800 T( o C) 700 600 500 400 300 0 60 120 180 240 300 360 Crankshaft angle (Deg.)

Cylinder mean temperature decrease over the engine load due to T/C cut-out 0 Mean decrease in Cylinder Temperature (%) -5-10 -15-20 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 Engine load(%)

14000 12000 Comparative diagram of main engine s brake power normal (simulation) T/C cut out (simulation) Brake power(kw) 10000 8000 6000 4000 2000 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 Engine load (%)

Maximum Pressure (bar(g)) 140 120 100 80 60 40 Comparative diagram of cylinder maximum pressure normal (simulation) T/C cut out (simulation) 20 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 Engine load (%)

Compression Pressure (bar(g)) 130 120 110 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 Comparative diagram of cylinder compression pressure normal (simulation) T/C cut out (simulation) 20 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 Engine load (%)

Cylinder Temperature ( o C) 360 340 320 300 280 260 240 220 200 Comparative diagram of cylinder temperature normal (simulation) T/C cut out (simulation) 180 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 Engine load (%)

Comparative diagram of turbocharger rotational speed 10000 normal (simulation) T/C cut out (simulation) 8000 N(RPM) 6000 4000 2000 0 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 Engine load (%)

Scavenge air Pressure (bar(g)) 3 2.5 2 1.5 1 0.5 Comparative diagram of scavenge air pressure normal (simulation) T/C cut out (simulation) 0 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 Engine load (%)

Exhaust gas Pressure (bar(g)) 3 2.5 2 1.5 1 0.5 Comparative diagram of exhaust gas pressure normal (simulation) T/C cut out (simulation) 0 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 Engine load (%)

120000 110000 Comparative diagram of air mass flow normal (simulation) T/C cut out (simulation) Air mass flow (kg/hr) 100000 90000 80000 70000 60000 50000 40000 30000 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 Engine load (%)

Exhaust gas mass flow (kg/hr) 140000 130000 120000 110000 100000 90000 80000 70000 60000 50000 40000 Comparative diagram of exhaust gas mass flow normal (simulation) T/C cut out (simulation) 30000 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 Engine load (%)

Exhaust gas Backpressure (mmw) 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 Comparative diagram of exhaust gas backpressure normal (simulation) T/C cut out (simulation) 0 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 Engine load (%)

Exhaust gas Temperature at turbine inlet ( o C) 400 350 300 250 Comparative diagram of exhaust gas temperature at the turbine inlet normal (simulation) T/C cut out (simulation) 200 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 Engine load (%)

Exhaust gas Temperature at turbine outlet ( o C) 350 300 250 200 150 100 Comparative diagram of exhaust gas temperature at the turbine outlet normal (simulation) T/C cut out (simulation) 50 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 Engine load (%)

Air Temperature at the air cooler inlet ( o C) 180 160 140 120 100 80 60 40 20 Comparative diagram of compressed air temperature at the air cooler inlet normal (simulation) T/C cut out (simulation) 0 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 Engine load (%)

Scavenge Air Temperature ( o C) 38 36 34 32 30 28 26 Comparative diagram of compressed air temperature at the air cooler outlet (Scavenge air temperature) normal (simulation) T/C cut out (simulation) 24 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 Engine load (%) o C o C o C

Air filter Pressure drop (mmw) 5 4.5 4 3.5 3 2.5 2 1.5 1 0.5 Comparative diagram of air filter pressure drop normal (simulation) T/C cut out (simulation) 0 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 Engine load (%)

90 Comparative diagram of A/C pressure drop A/C Pressure drop (mmw) 80 70 60 50 40 30 normal (simulation) T/C cut out (simulation) 20 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 Engine load (%)

220 210 Comparative diagram of specific fuel oil consumption normal (simulation) T/C cut out (simulation) bsfc (gr/kwhr) 200 190 180 170 160 150 140 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 Engine load (%)

Decrease in specific fuel consumpion and corresponding increase of the maximum pressure due to T/C cut-out 0 BSFC reduction P max increase 40 35 bfsc (gr/kwhr) -5-10 -15 30 25 20 15 10 5 P max (bar) -20 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 0 Engine load (%)