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ITU-R S.52- ii.. (IPR) (ITU-T/ITU-R/ISO/IEC).ITU-R http://www.itu.int/itu-r/go/patents/en. (http://www.itu.int/publ/r-rec/en ) ( ) ( ) BO BR BS BT F M P RA S RS SA SF SM SNG TF V :.ITU-R 200 ITU 200..(ITU)
ITU-R S.52- (200-200) ITU-R S.52-. (FSS). ITU-T G.828.(ATM) (SDH) (BER) (BEP).ITU-T G.828 ( - - ( ( ITU-R S.062 ( ITU-T G.826 ITU-T G 828 ( (ATM) ITU-T I.56 ITU-R S.429 ITU-R S.2 ( ( ( ( (SDH) (ATM) ( ) ITU-T G.828
ITU-R S.52-2 (BEP) 2 2 ITU-T G.828.2 (2 BEP/) (BEP) (HRDP) 2 2 (BEP) BEP/ 9 0 9 0 9 0 9 0 9 0 9 0 9 0 9 0 7 9 0 6 9 0 9 0 2 9 0 9 0 9 0 2 9 0 9 ( ) 0,2 2,0 0,0 0,2 2,0 0,0 0,2 2,0 0,0 0,2 2,0 0,0 0,2 2,0 0,0 0,2 2,0 0,0 (kbit/s) 664 2 240 6 848 48 960 50 6 60 4.ITU-R S.52 : (HRDP) -. (BEP) - 2. ITU-R S.062 -.2 (BEP). ITU-T G.828.GHz 5..ITU-T G.828-4. (BEP). 8 0 - - %4,0 = %0 5 6 : -
ITU-R S.52-. %0,6 %0,04 = = (4 ) GHz 0-7. (FEC). ITU-R S.06. - 8. (SDH).( 2 ) (FEC) (HRDP) - 9 ).( ). ( %2 %0,2. - 0 - -. - Mbit/s 2 Mbit/s 6.Mbit/s 2 ITU-T G.828.(ATM) (SDH) ITU-T G.828.. (BIP) (SDH).ITU-T G.828 (SDH)..2.....
ITU-R S.52-4. :(EB) :(ES)..ITU-T G.828 %0 :(SES)......(SES) (EB) :(BBE) -. 9 :(SEP) - (CSES).. ITU-T G.784. (EDC) 2 EDC BIP-2 BIP-2 BIP-2 BIP-8 BIP-8 BIP-8 BIP-8 BIP-8 2 SDH ITU-T G.828 ( ) 82 20 424 6 20 8 792 75 68 00 672 202 688 TC- VC- TC-2 VC-2 TC-2 VC-2 TC- VC- TC-4 VC-4 TC-4-4c VC-4-4c TC-4-6c VC-4-6c TC-4-64c VC-4-64c (kbit/s) 664 2 240 6 848 48 960 50 6 60 44 2 405 76 9 62 504.(virtual channel).(tandem connection)....itu-t G.828. :(ESR) -. :(SESR) - :VC :TC 2.. - - -
5 ITU-R S.52- :(BBER) -.(SES). :(SEPI) -./s (SEPI). (BIP EDC) (EDC).(SDH).. 4.. 2 - -.km 27 500 (HRP) - - 2.6..ITU-T G.828. 0.2 km 27 500 SEPI (2) (HRP) - - ITU-T G.828 BBER () SESR ESR / (kbit/s) s/0,0002 5 0 5 0,002 0,0 2 000 TC- VC- 664 s/0,0002 5 0 5 0,002 0,0 2 000 TC-2 VC-2 2 240 s/0,0002 5 0 5 0,002 0,0 2 000 TC-2 VC-2 6 848 s/0,0002 5 0 5 0,002 0,02 8 000 TC- VC- 48 960 s/0,0002 4 0 0,002 0,04 8 000 TC-4 VC-4 50 6 s/0,0002 4 0 0,002 () 8 000 TC-4-4c VC-4-4c 60 44.VC-4 BER 9 0 5, BER 0 0 8, BBER. BBER BER..Mbit/s 60 ESR. ES. ESR () (2) ()
ITU-R S.52-6 (SDH). - -. (VC-4) 4 (STM-).4 (STM-).. /..(HRP) - -..2.2 - - %7,5. - - %42.%7,5. %5.. 2.2 2.2.2 (HRDP) (SDH) 4 (HRDP) 60 4 (VC-4-4c) 50 6 (VC-4) 48 960 (VC-) 6 848 (VC-2) 2 240 (VC-2) 664 (VC-) (kbit/s) () 0,04 0,007 0,005 0,005 0,005 ESR 0,0007 0,0007 0,0007 0,0007 0,0007 0,0007 SESR 4 0 0,5 4 0 0,5 5 0,75 5 0,75 5 0,75 5 0,75 BBER (ESR) Mbit/s 60.. ()
7 ITU-R S.52-2 (BEP) ITU-T G.828 (BEP)..... (FEC). (Neyman-A) - : P(k) N k 2 () k P( k) = k! BEP N e j = 0 k j j! j BEP N j e. : :BEP : N = N B : (2) () BEP N B BEP j BEP N N = B B j P(0) e j! e e = j 0 P EB = P(0) = e (4) BEP.N. : P EB B. = e BEP CRC n. P ( t) PES ( t) = e EB N. BEP B CRC ( t) BEP CRC (t) = BEP/ : P ES (t). n (ES)
ITU-R S.52-8 : n P n,k (t) k (5) n! n k k Pn, k ( t) = ( PEB ( t)) PEB ( t) ( n k)! k! : P SES (t) (SES) n 0.n 0.n n! n k k (6) PSES ( t) = Pn, k ( t) = Pn, k ( t) = ( PEB ( t)) PEB( t) ( n k)! k! k = 0.n k = 0 k = 0 (ESR) ( ) : T a (7) ESR = (8) SESR = : SESR ESR T a P ES T a ( t) : T a P SES T a ( t) (SESR).2 P SES (t) P ES (t) (9) ESR M = P ES. Δt i = i i (0) SES ES M SESR = P ES. Δt i = i i P SESi (t) P ESi (t) M i (BBER) :.(SES).T a () BBER = Ta n. T P ( t). k dt PSES ( t).dt Ta 0.n n, k k = a = 0.n k = P, ( t).dt. n k k T a T a n.( SESR)
9 ITU-R S.52- : (BBER) (2) BBER = 0.n Pn, k. k k = n.( SESR) Ta n, k = P P n, k T a. d t (IPI) BEP th / (IPI). (SDH) 7 0 (BEP). BEP IPI ) BEP th / 9 0..( BEPIPI / FIGURE General form of mask (BEP/) th A BEP/ B C D Integration region 0.2 2 0 00 T th Total time, T (% of the worst month) T ( %) 52-0.ITU-T G.828 :(2 ) D C B.BEP th / = 0 9 :
ITU-R S.52-0.BEP th / A (T th = 0,2%) T th :2.(D C B ) %00 %0 %2 :.%00 (%0,2) T th BBER SESR ESR :4.BEP th / (BEP). (BBER SESR ESR) 4 :5. %0,2 D C BEP/.2 0 8 2 FIGURE 2 Generated masks for satellite hops 0 9 BEP/ 0 0 0 0..664 Mbits/s and 2,24 2.24 Mbit/s,664 6.848 Mbits/s Mbit/s 6,848 Total time, T (% of the Tworst month) 48.96 Mbits/s Mbit/s 48,96 50.6 Mbits/sMbit/s 50,6 = 0 0 = BEP threshold time is 0 8 8-0 x BEP Available time from 0.002 to 0,002 All models outperform BBER criteria Model for.664 and BBER 2.24 Mbit/s also outperform ESR criteria Mbit/s 2,24,664 ESR 0 00 ( %) 52-02 (BER) (FEC). ( ).(Poisson)
ITU-R S.52- (.2 ) BER/ BER..... (FEC).. )./. (Gaussian). (.6. 2. : (WEF) n C i () B ( H ) Δ Bi H i= 0 i (n,k) ( ) (Hamming) ( ). (4) : A C ( W, Z) Δ w, j (IRWEF) A w, j W (WEF) :B i :H C. :. w ( ) A w,j (IRWEF).w + j j. ( ) : P b (BEP) w Z j (5) m (6) Dm m= d min P P R C ) b ( m 0 P( R m C0) d min : w D m = A w, j k j+ w= m
ITU-R S.52-2 : w (7) m P m w = waw, j m= m= w+ j d min P m. m P m (BEP) w (8) w w Aw, j d = w+ j min P d min (BCH) 2. (7,4) BCH 5. : BCH (9). (7,4) (9) w + 2 + 7 7 7 ( 7,4) = (7,4).7 5 (7,4) BCH A w,j j w 0 0 2 2 0 2 2 4 BCH 7. (BER) 6. (5,) BCH..k/2 2,67,2 4,5 2,96 6 BCH (n,k) (5,0) 2,75 (,25),25 (,20) 4,56 (6,56) 2,96 4,50 (n,k) (n,k) BCH (6,) 2,20 (5,) (2,26) 2,52 (,26) (2,2),7 (,2) (64,57) 2,06 (6,57) (64,5) 4,07 (6,5)
ITU-R S.52-2,2 (5,) BCH 7 2,60 2,7 2,6 2, BER 2 0 2,88 0 4,69 4 0 5,57 5 0 2,6..d c d ( ) d a d d f ( c d )/( a ) w (= ) BCH f d f.. 9 8 BCH.(BER) (a d, d = d f, d = d f +, d = d f + 2, ) (c d, d = d f, d = d f +, d = d f + 2, ) (, 0, 8, 0, 9, 0,, 0, 7 275,...) (6, 0, 2, 0, 404, 0, 6,...) (, 0, 50, 0, 286, 0, 60, 0, 9 69,...) (, 0, 28, 0, 2 79, 0, 5 05,...) (, 6, 48, 58, 642, 2 45, 9 74...) (, 70, 285, 276, 6 60, 27 28,...) (2, 42, 468, 4 99, 52 82...) (4, 89, 6 792, 97 24, 7 944...) 8 d f 0 2 6 ) (, 7 56, 75, 7, 7 K 7 9 7 7 7 = K /2 R R /2 () 2/ () 7/8 (). (RS) - RS. RS RS. BCH.RS 4.
ITU-R S.52-4 ) ( 7,2 5,68,74,48,00,00,56 4,8,96 8,00 7,4 5,2 5,67 9,08 8,85 7,77 7,57 7,29 9 BER 2 0,74 0.9 4 0,05 6 0 5,05 7 0,07 2 0 2,22 0,77 5 0 2,0 7 0 4,20 2 0,6 4 0 7,86 6 0 2,96 7 0 2,4 2 0 2,24 2 0 2,68 0 9,82 5 0,77 6 0,49 ( ),27,00,00 7,00 d f 0 2 6 ) (, 7 56, 75, 7, 7 K 7 9 7 7 R /2 2/ 7/8 RS. RS (255,29) RS (204,88). 0.ITU-R S.709 ITU-R BO.724 RS (7,55) 8,47 7,74 7,2 BER 0 6,7 4 0 2,0 7 0 2,02 0 RS (n,k) RS BER 2,80 0 7,74 (7,55) 9,4 4 0 5,9 8,58 6 0,02 (n,k) RS (204,88). ITU-R BO.724. 5. 2 ITU-R S.709 (BER) max-log MAP. 5.
5 ITU-R S.52-4.5 6.5 (df/ad/cd) R = 6/7 R = /4 R = 2/ R = /2 R = / () 4/9/27 5/94/79 6/228/57 6/99/826 7/578/7269 8/944/49558 7/0/50 8/85/75 9/486/25 9/27/7 0/48/025 /462/9674 /59/90 2/265/25 /802/42 2/88/6 4/752/5264 5/504/2220 8/59/954 9/59/4 20/50/55 9/76/84 20/76/008 22/752/6768 /06/954 2/265/64 /06/90 /476/84 5/76/760 6/752/692 5 88 2 R = 6/7 R = /4 R = 2/ R = /2 R = / (),00 5,00 5,67 6,00 9,00,70 4,4 5,00 9,00 6,20 5 4,7 4,80 6,29 6,70 8,50 4,5 6, 7,00 9,00 9,00 4,60 6,9 7,00 8,00 0,00 752 5,42 6,62 8, 9,00 8,50 R = 6/7 BER/ R = /4 BER/ R = /2 BER/ R = 2/5 BER/ R = / BER/ 5 0,44/6,8 4 0 9,5/5,9 4 0,9/2,5 5 0,79/6,6 5 0 5,58/6,8 6 0 2,4/5,2 5 0,47/, 5 0 2,24/7, 6 0 5,56/2,8 6 0 9,28/4,0 6 7 0 2,5/4, 7 0 9,89/7,8 7 0 5,69/9,0 7 0 9,68/0,6 6 0,42/0,6 5 0 2,67 /7,0 4 0 6,46/8, 5 0 6,6/26,6 5 0,57/20,8 5 0 2,25/2,7 6 0,74/4,8 5 0,89/2,2 6 0 9,0/8,9 6 0 2,4/4,5 6 0,28/6,5 5 7 0,78/4, 7 0 6,02/7,9 7 0,02/8,9 7 0 4,25/0,8 7 0 5,62/,6
ITU-R S.52-6. (BTC) m. BTC BTC.(d min ) m d min : (20) BTC =.2..i ci (20) BTC 4 6 5.6 c.. 2.. (BTC).(BER) c c 2 L c m 6. BTC 20,80 4, 94,82 25,9 9, BTC 7,56 0,56 20,79 8,76 20,25 4 c 2,75,25 4,56 2,96 4,50 d min 4 4 6 4 6 (n,k) (6,) (2,26) (2,2) (64,57) (64,5) (6,) (6,) 5 E b /N BER 0 BTC c BER (db) 2,82 0,25 4,50 2 0 4,4,0 2,88 2,52 2,82 2,99 2 0 7,82 2 0 5,97 2 0 4, 2 0 2,97 0,5 7,46 7,25 7, 0,4 4 0 4,42 5 0 8,0 6 0 8.5 2,0 2,5,0,5
7 ITU-R S.52- (2,26) (2,26) 6 E b /N BER 0 BTC c BER (db),88 2 0 5,96,57 0 4,9 2,0,,5 2 0,0 2 0 2,5,2 9,76 6 0 7,80 6 0 2,0,0, /4 = FEC R) INTELSAT (IDR) 5 =. 0 4 0 (BER) 0 = (.( /2 = FEC R) INTELSAT (IBS) (FEC).. /(FEC).0 = 2. ( = ) ITU-T G.828../(FEC). 7. 4 (Asynchronous transfer mode) (Background block error) (Background block error ratio) (Bit error probability) (Bit error ratio) (Bit interleaved parity) (Block turbo code) (Consecutive severely errored second) (Errored block) (Error detection code) 5 ATM BBE BBER BEP BER BIP BTC CSES EB EDC
ITU-R S.52-8 (Errored second) (Errored second ratio) (Forward error-correction) (Fixed-satellite service) (Hypothetical reference digital path) (Hypothetical reference path) (Incorrect pointer interpretations) (Synchronous digital hierarchy) (Severely errored period) (Severely errored period intensity) (Severely errored second) (Severely errored seconds ratio) (Synchronous transfer module) (Tandem connection) (Tandem connection) ES ESR FEC FSS HRDP HRP IPI SDH SEP SEPI SES SESR STM TC VC