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1 41 3 Vol.41No ActaGeodaeticaetCartographicaSinica Jun.2012 ZHU HuizhongLIUJingnanTANG Weimingetal.TheAlgorithmofSingle-epochIntegerAmbiguityResolutionbetweenLong-range NetworkRTKBaseStations[J].ActaGeodaeticaetCartographicaSinica ): RTK [J] ): ) RTK ; The Algorithm of Single-epochInteger Ambiguity Resolution between Long-range NetworkRTKBaseStations ZHUHuizhong 1 LIUJingnan 1 TANG Weiming 1 GAOXingwei 2 1.GNSSResearchCenterWuhanUniversityWuhan430079China;2.ChineseAcademyofSurveyingandMappingBeijing100830China Abstract:Thealgorithmofintegerambiguityresolutionbetweenlong-range typicaly100~200km)basestationsat single-epochisproposed.thewide-laneambiguitiesaredeterminedbylinearrelationshipbetweencarierphase ambiguities.inordertoreducetheresidualsofnon-divergenterorincarierphaseambiguitiesresolutionanew ideaofreselectingbasesatelitebyelevationisused.thencandidatesofdoublefrequencycarierphaseambiguities canbeselectedbyfixeddoublediferencewide-laneambiguities.thedoublediferencecarierphaseambiguities aresearchedandfixedthroughthecomputationofnon-divergenteror sresidual.thisalgorithm wastestedand theadvantagesofthismethodarerapidstable.thisalgorithm avoidstheefectofcycleclips.thedoublediference integerambiguitybetweenlong-rangebasestationscanbefixedatsingle-epoch. Keywords:networkRTK;long-range;single-epoch;doublediferenceambiguity;linearrelationship : 100~200km) RTK : RTK; ; ; ; :P228 :A : ) : ); AA ); ; ; ; ); ) 1 ; [3] RTK RTK ; [4] RTK RTK RTK 100~200km [1-15] [8 14]

2 360 June2012Vol.41No.3AGCS htp: xb.sinomaps.com 2 l I = Φ2 - Φ1-2-f 2 1 A B ωi = 2-f 2 1 [5] p cf ξ q 2 + ε1 - ε2 ) 1 c c Φ1 = ρ - c 9) I 0 N ξ ; ωi T + ε1 1) 7) c Φ2 = ρ - c N2 I N1 0 N k I =/ =60/77 T + ε2 2) ;Φ ;f ; ρ ;c 3.1 ;I );T ; P N ;ε Melbourne-Wübbena T M-W ) 11) MW [16-17] = P 1 + P 2 ) - 1) 2) +f 2 ) I 0 η [18-20] T c Φ1 -c Φ2 ) 10) -f 2 ) η = T - T 3) N W = -f 2 ) MW 11) T c P1 P2 ; MW M-W ; N W N - 1 l - ω 4) 1) 2) M-W N 2 = l = ω = 2-f 2 1 c Φ2 - Φ1-2-f 2 1 c ρ + T ) 5) η + 1 ε1 -f 2 2 c ε2 6) ρ 4) l ω 4) N 2 N 1 4) :k= N 1 60 /=77/60= ) 1) T N N 2 = N 1 - l I ωi 7) cf 2 1 I 0 8) )

3 : RTK 361 14/11 1.2727 N 11 1 N 2 2 14 14- B 3 11=3 1) 2) N 1 N 2 B B 3 1 B B 12) I 1 B I 1 I W = ρ - c N W - c ΦW + fw fw T + εw 12) 1) 2) W 3.1.3 13) I 0 =-f 3 1 W 13) 12) 13) A B C 7) N W + N W BC + N W CA =0 14) 14) 3 3 I 1 I 2 I 3 1 3.

3 3 : RTK / N 11 1 N B 3 11=3 1) 2) N 1 N 2 B B 3 1 B B 12) I 1 B I 1 I W = ρ - c N W - c ΦW + fw fw T + εw 12) 1) 2) W ) I 0 =-f 3 1 W 13) 12) 13) A B C 7) N W + N W BC + N W CA =0 14) 14) 3 3 I 1 I 2 I Fig.1 The wide-lane ambiguity searching between long-rangebasestationsatsingleepoch L1 L2 1 B 4) I 1 I 2 I 3 4) 7) N 1 3 N 2 : 1 7)

4 362 June2012Vol.41No.3AGCS htp: xb.sinomaps.com T 16) T T ξ T - T =ξ ξ <δ 18) δ 15) ξ A B ZTD 0 A ZTD 0 B; ZTD A ZTD B A B mfa p) mfbp) mfaq) mfbq) p ;q N 1 + N 2 + N 1 BC + N 2 BC + N 1 CA =0 N 2 CA =0 19) 20) ξ p)-mfaq ) mfa ξ ZTD A - mfbp)-mfbq ) ξ ZTD B 15) ξ ZTD A =ZTD A-ZTD 0 A; ξ ZTD B =ZTD B-ZTD 0 B ξ Dtrop 1h 10 1s 4) ξ Dtrop BASE1 BASE2 BASE ) 2) l= T = c l - f 2 2-f 2 1 N 2 - Φ1 + N 1 + ρ 16) Φ2 - ω 17) 4) 0.5m 200km 5mm 1.5~2m 100~200km PRN24 PRN4) 1 2 Fig.2 Informationofbaselines

5 3 : RTK 363 M-W 11) 1 3 : Fig.4 Residualatinitialepoch m; 2 2 B PRN ) 1 PRN24-4 PRN4 Tab.1 Wide-laneDD-AmbiguitycandidatesofPRN24-4 BASE1- BASE2 BASE2- BASE3 BASE3- BASE / 117.8) / 116.2) / 182.1) / 50.4) / 50.3) / 51.2) / 119.9) / 121.6) / 228.4) PRN4 PRN4 3 PRN24 5 BASE1-BASE : ) 18) 19) PRN4 PRN24 3 Fig.3 Changesofsateliteselevationangle 5 Fig.5 BASE1-BASE2PRN24-PRN4 Residualofnon-dispersiveerrorof PRN24- PRN4onbaselineBASE1-BASE2

6 364 June2012Vol.41No.3AGCS htp: xb.sinomaps.com 1 Proceedings of the Japan Institute of Navigation GPS 6 BASE3-BASE2PRN24-PRN4 Symposium.Tokyo:JapanInstituteof Navigation2001: Fig.6 Residualofnon-dispersiveerrorofPRN24- [2] RIZOSC.NetworkRTK ResearchandImplementation:A PRN4onbaselineBASE3-BASE2 Geodetic Perspective[J].Journalof Global Positioning Systems200212): ): BASE1-BASE3PRN24-PRN4 RTK [J]. : ): ) Fig.7 Residualofnon-dispersiveerrorof PRN24- PRN4onbaselineBASE1-BASE3 [5] GAO XingweiCHEN RuizhiZHAOChunmei.A Network RTK AlgorithmandItsTest[J].GeomaticsandInforma- 5 [1] LANDAU HVOLLATH UDEKING Aetal.VirtualRefer- encestationnetworks-recentinnovationsbytrimble [C] [3] GAO XingweiLIU JingnanGE Maorong.An Ambiguity Searching Methodfor Network RTK Baselines between BaseStationsatSingle Epoch[J ].Acta Geodaeticaet CartographicaSinica ): RTK [J] ): ) [4] TANG WeimingLIU JingnanSHIChuangetal.Three StepsMethodtoDetermineDoubleDiferenceAmbiguities Resolution of Network RTK Reference Station [J]. GeomaticsandInformationScienceof Wuhan University tionscienceofwuhanuniversity ): RTK [J]. : ): ) Wuhan:Wuhan University2002. NASS RTK 2002.). GNSS [D]. : 2006) 94B8): NASSNetwork RTK anditsprogram Realization[D]. [6] GAO Xingwei.The AlgorithmicResearchofGPS/GLO-.GPS/GLO- RTK [D]. : [7] TANG Weiming.Researchon TechniquesofLarge Area and Long Range GNSS Network RTK and Developing NetworkSoftware[D].Wuhan:Wuhan University2006. RTK [8] BLEWITT G.CarrierPhaseAmbiguityResolutionforthe GlobalPositioningSystem AppliedtoGeodeticBaselinesup to2000km [J ].JournalofGeophysicalResearch1989 [9] DONG D NBOCK Y.GlobalPositioningSystem Network Analysis with Phase Ambiguity Resolution Applied to CrustalDeformationStudiesin California [J].Journalof GeophysicalResearch198994B4):

7 3 : RTK 365 [10] BLEWITT G.An AutomaticEditing AlgorithmforGPS [17] GAO XingweiCHEN RuizhiLIXiyin.A Studyofthe Data[J].GeophysicalResearchLeters ): [11] SUN HCANNON M EMILIGARD T.Real-timeGPS ReferenceNetwork CarrierPhase Ambiguity Resolution [C] ION NTM-99.SanDiego:InstituteofNavigation 1999: [12] HANS W.CarrierPhase-basedLong-rangeGPSKinematic Positioning [D].Sydney:The UniversityofNew South Wales1997. guityresolutionproceduresuitableformedium-scalegps ReferenceStation Networks[J].Survey Review ): [14] DAILWANGJRIZOSCetal.PredictingAtmospheric Biases for Real-time Ambiguity Resolution in GPS/ GLONASS Reference Station Networks [J].Journal Geodesy ): range Multiple Reference Station Networks[J].GPS Solutions20059):1-11. [J] ): ) NeutralAtmosphericEfectsonPseudorangePositioning with Non-diference Models [J].Acta Geodaetica et CartographicaSinica ): [J] ): ) [18] HOPFIELD H S.Two-quarticTroposphericRefractivity Profilefor Correcting Satelite Data [J].Journal of GeophysicalResearch ): [19] SAASTAMOINEN J.Contributionstothe Theoryof AtmosphericRefraction[J].Buletin Géodésique : [20] BLACK H D.AnEasilyImplemented Algorithmforthe TroposphericRangeCorrection [J].JournalofGeophysical Research197883B4): : : : ) : 1983 ) GNSS 櫂櫂櫂櫂櫂櫂櫂櫂櫂櫂櫂櫂櫂櫂櫂櫂櫂櫂櫂櫂櫂櫂櫂櫂櫂櫂櫂櫂櫂櫂櫂櫂櫂櫂櫂櫂櫂櫂櫂櫂櫂櫂櫂櫂櫂櫂櫂 352 ) [13] CHEN H YRIZOSCHANS.AnInstantaneousAmbi- [15] HU GBEY D ACASTLEDEM N.AnApproachfor InstantaneousAmbiguityResolutionforMedium-toLong- [16] GE MaorongLIU Jingnan.TheEstimation Methodsfor TroposphericDelaysin GlobalPositioning System [J]. datemajorsinalgorithm andapplicationofgnssfor ActaGeodaeticaetCartographicaSinica ):285- high-accuracydynamicpositioning GPS zhuhuizhong@ whu.edu.cn Firstauthor:ZHUHuizhong1983 )malephdcandi- ObservationofAbsoluteGravimetersin Walferdange[J]. JournalofGeodesyandGeodynamics ): Walferdange [25] Manual[R].Colorado:Micro-gLaCosteInc2007 Micro-g LaCosteInc.Absolute Gravimeters[EB/OL]. Colorado:Micro-gLaCosteInc[ ].htp: [J] ):77-79.) : ) [21] WANGLinsongCHEN ChaoWANG Tongqingetal. Analysis of Measuring Accuracy in Field with A-10 Absolute Gravimeters [J]. Journal of Geodesy and Geodynamics ): : : : 1983-).A-10 [J] ):60-63.) Firstauthor:WANGLinsong1983-)malePhDcan- [22] NIEBAUER T M.TheEfectiveMeasurementHeightof didate majors in gravity and magnetic data Free-falAbsoluteGravimeters[J].Metrologia processing and interpretationtime-varying gravity 2): [23] TIMMEN L.PreciseDefinitionoftheEfectiveMeasurement HeightofFree-falAbsoluteGravimeters[J].Metrologia anditsapplication. wanglinsong123@yahoo.cn ): [24] Micro-gLaCosteInc.FG5 AbsoluteGravimeterUser s

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