O+/1 0./ STEC , STEC O+/1 12 (-), ,,1. Epstein Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia. E. coli, EHEC +330 ,+ Limawongpranee +333 ,**.

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1 O+/ a +b / / +1 0./ STEC O+/ STEC O+/1 12 () +2 1 Shiga toxinproducing Escherichia coli STEC Enterohemorrhagic E. coli EHEC +330 STEC O+/1 STEC O+/1 Limawongpranee / STEC O+/1 /2 + Kobayashi STEC O+/1 0 S. typhi E. coli 0 : a +/ b ++. : fax :.2/1/. nagtchikusankankyo.jp 12 : Epstein +331 Gong / STEC O+/1 + + STEC O+/1 STEC O+/1 +

2 Figure + Outline of detection method of Salmonella and Shiga toxinproducing Escherichia coli (STEC). +32/ / g / ml OXOID Hampshire England / + ml 3 ml EEM HTT EEM. HTT DHL BG + 2 DHL 1 BG +2. / O O+ inva STEC O+/ ml 3 ml mec CTSMAC BCM mec + ml O+/1 + ml CTSMAC BCM ml / O+/1 VT+ VT + ml TE 3/ 1./ ml TaKaRa Ex Taq ml PCR 12 : +2 1

3 O+/1 TaKaRa Ex Taq / UmL Mg mmolml dntps. mmolml.+3 nmolml inva Primer Set SIN+ & Primer Set STEC O+/1 VT+ Primer Set EVT+ & VT Primer Set EVS+ & PCR // / 0... bp DNA TBE / E. coli O+/1 :H1 TEC+ E. coli O+/1 :H+ TEC23 Salmonella Typhimurium + S. Typhimurium L.+1 /. PCR + cfug ph / EC +/ NC vario EL Elementar Analysensysteme Hanau Germany +/ ICP P. P O /K O CaO MgO P O /K O CaO MgO / 0./ / / +/ /2./ / +0 / / / / 2 +0 / ph / EC mscm.02.+./ +.// CN /. 302 mgkg P O / mgkg K O mgkg CaO./ mgkg 12 : +2 1

4 Table + Number of compost samples and detection number of Salmonella and Shiga toxinproducing Escherichia coli (STEC) Year +. Total Number of samples Detection number of Salmonella Detection rate of Salmonella () Detection number of STEC Detection rate of STEC () / / MgO mgkg mg kg mgkg + 3/. STEC O+/ STEC O+/ STEC O+/1 /+ /0 HTT BG EEM DHL / + ++ Agona O. :d: +330 ; 0 + S. enterica subsp. diarizonae Schröter. Oranienburg Tsuji Hamada +333 O Table Detected sample number Number of the Salmonella isolates EEM HTT DHL BG DHL BG Total H Bradford O. :r:+ / Infantis O1 :r:+ / Lyman S. enterica subsp. arizonae O.2 group Mahajan Infantis / /..3 EC.+.+ ms cm 0./ / Total /. / / 0 12 : +2 1.

5 O+/1 Table Serotypes of the Salmonella isolates Serotype Salmonella Agona (O. : fgs : ) Salmonella sp4 (O. :d:) Salmonella sp4 (O. :d:) Salmonella enterica subsp4 diarizonae (O/ APIE Code4 11.// bgalactosidase ) Salmonella Oranienburg (O1 :mt:) Salmonella sp4 (O autoaggregation : r: + /) Salmonella enterica subsp4 arizonae O.2 group (O.2 APIE Code4 11.// bgalactosidase ) Salmonella Infantis (O1 :r:+/) Table. Characteristics of the composts with Salmonella Detected sample number Detected sample number Moisture Ash ph Total Total nitrogen carbon Electrical conductivity Carbonnitrogen Ammonia rate nitrogen PO/ KO CaO MgO Cu Zn nation rate Germi ms/cm mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg /4 1.4/.040 / /4/ / /24. / / / / / / / / 4/ / /43 +4/ +4/ / / / //0 +/ // : dry matter basis : not measurement4 Table / Sources of the composts with Salmonella Detected sample number Days of Open composting type of auto process matic mixing Year Month Collected Ingredient Subingredient Compost equipment Aera Niigata Hokkaido Hokkaido Miyazaki Hokkaido Yamagata Miyazaki Saitama dairy cattle : Same compost factory4 Feces of Mushroom Pile type of Sludge Kitchen Sawdust husk Straw Rice Others refuse Others not beef bed cattle pig layer broiler forced forced waste aeration aeration / 12 : +2 1 /

6 0./ / m / m +3 + / 2 STEC O+/ / +333 PCR DNA RNA DNA RNA +32/ STEC O+/ cfug Gong / Gong / :

7 O+/ STEC O+/ Epstein E The science of composting. pp. /0. Technomic Publishing Company Lancaster. Vero VTEC Gong CM / 10 20/21.. / + //3. Kobayashi H Shimada J Nakazawa M Morozumi T Pohjanvirta T Pelkonen S Yamamoto K. +. Prevalence and Characteristics of Shiga ToxinProducing Escherichia coli from Healthy Cattle in Japan. Applied and Environmental Microbiology / / +32. Limawongpranee S Hayashidani H Okatani AT Ono K Hirota C Kaneko K Ogawa M Prevalence and persistence of Salmonella in broiler chicken flocks. The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science 0+ ///3. Lyman MB Steward JP Roantree RJ Characterization of virulence and antigenic structure of Salmonella typhimurium strains with lipopolysaccharide core defects. Infection and Immunity + +/3+/.. Mahajan RK Khan SA Chandel DS Kumar N Hans C Chaudhry R. Fatal case of Salmonella enterica subsp. arizonae Gastroenteritis in an infant with microcephaly. Journal of Clinical Microbiology.+ /2/ / Salmonella /3 /30/. Schröter M Roggentin P Hofmann J Speicher A Laufs R Mack D. Pet snakes as a reservoir for Salmonella enterica subsp. diarizonae (serogroup IIIb) : a prospective study. Applied and Environmental Microbiology / Viable but nonculturable VBNC /.//+. +32/ Tsuji H Hamada K Outbreak of Selmonellosis caused by ingestion of cuttlefish chips contaminated by both Salmonella chester and Salmonella Oranienburg. Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases / :

8 Detection of Salmonella and Siga Toxinproducing Escherichia coli (STEC) from Compost of Animal Waste Takafumi NAGAMINE + Muneo NAKAZAWA Shu FURUYA + Minoru ITOH + and Kyohei OZUTSUMI + + Institute of Livestock Industry s Environmental Technology Livestock Industry s Environmental Improvement Organization Nishigo Fukushima Japan National Institute of Animal Health Tsukuba /2/0 Japan Corresponding : Takafumi NAGAMINE (fax : 2+ ().2/1/. nagtchikusankankyo.jp) We examined 0./ composts for prevalence of Salmonella and Shiga toxinproducing Escherichia coli (STEC) O+/1 which are typical bacteria to cause food poisoning. To activate these bacteria which were damaged by composting process the compost samples were incubated with the bu#ered peptone water at 1 for +2. h before investigating by using selective media. Salmonella was isolated from 2 samples (+. in all samples) and the serotypes of isolated strains from samples cause the serious problem regarding on public health. STEC O+/1 was not detected in all samples. It was considered that the reason why the Salmonella strains were isolated was the treatment in the low temperature during the composting period or the contamination of the raw materials after the composting. Nihon Chikusan Gakkaiho 12 () +2 1 Key words : animal waste compost Salmonella isolate STEC O+/1. 12 :

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Nguyen Hien Trang* **

152 Nippon Shokuhin Kagaku Kogaku Kaishi Vol.., No.., +,+3 (,**1) 10 Nguyen Hien Trang* ** * Department of Food Science and Technology, Hue University of Agriculture and Forestry ** Properties of "Shishibishio