Antimicrobial Ability of Limonene, a Natural and Active Monoterpene

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1 2010,32 (1) :24 28 http :/ / xuebao. jlau. edu. cn Journal of Jilin Agricultural University E2mail : sina. com Ξ,,,, ΞΞ, : : 320 mg/ L,; ph 4 9, ; 80, 100,121 : : ; ; : TS20213 : A : (2010) Antimicrobial Ability of Limonene, a Natural and Active Monoterpene WANG Xue2mei, CHEN Hui, LI Xue2jiao, SUN Yong2hong, GAO Hong2liang School of Life Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai , China Abstract : The antimicrobial activity of limonene was determined by minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and inhibitory circle. The results showed that MIC to and sp. was 320 mg/ L. However, it didn t show obvious antimicrobial effect on Staphylococcus aureus. Its antimicrobial ability was stable in ph value between 4 and 9. It was also stable when heated at 80. However, the antimicrobial ability to sp. and decreased when heated at 100. And it decreased when heated at 121. The results of inhibitory circle showed that limonene had better antimicrobial ability to, sp. and Aspergillus niger than potassium sorbate and sodium benzoate. Key words : limonene ; antimicrobial ability ; food preservative,12242(12 ),C 10 H 16,,, [1 ], GRAS ( ), FDA, FAO WHO ADI [2 ],,,, [3 ], [4 ], Ξ ΞΞ : ( ) :,,,: : :

2 : 25, 1 111, ( ) ( Staphylococcus aureus) ( Bacillus subtilis) ( Bacillus ) ( Aspergillus niger) ( Penicillum sp1) ( ) ( sp1) SLS ( ) BME100L ( ) 113 [5 ], [6 ] g 20 g, ml 80 ;,5 000 r/ min,10 min ; SLS ,20 MPa (10 ml),,40,80, 160, 320, 640, 1 000, 2 000, 3 000, 4 000, mg/ L 100 L () 10 7 cfu/ ml h h37 24 h, (MIC) [728 ] MIC(MIC) 1 ml,11511, (MBC) [728 ] ph 0110 mol/ L 0110 mol/ L NaOH phph 4,5,6,7,8,9 6, MIC [9 ] (11511 ) min, MIC [9 ] (11511 ) ml, 0110 ml (10 6 cfu), 1, 3, 6, 12 h, := ( - ) / 100 % ml,5 ml ml () 10 7 cfu/ ml, 6 mm,10 g/ L, [10 ] , MIC, MBC MIC 3 000,2 000,1 000, 320,320,4 000 mg/ L, MBC 2 000,640, 640,4 000 mg/ L,,J. S. Dambolena [4 ],, Journal of Jilin Agricultural University

3 Table 1. MIC and MBC of limonene on different microorganisms ck () / (mg L - 1 ) MIC/ (mg L - 1 ) MBC/ (mg L - 1 ) Staphylococcus aureus Bacillus sp1 Penicillum sp1 Aspergillus niger > > > > > > Note : Absent growth ; + Mild growth ; ++ Strong growth ; +++ Intense growth,the same below 2. 2 ph 2, ph 4 9,, ph,, [11212 ] 2 ph Table 2. Effect of ph on antimicrobial effect of limonene Bacillus sp1 Aspergillus niger ph C ck C ck C ck C ck C ck C ck : C MIC Note : C contains the same concentration of limonene with MIC , min, min, min [1 ], Journal of Jilin Agricultural University 2010, February

4 : 27 3 Table 3. Antimicrobial thermal stability of limonene ck Bacillus sp Aspergillus niger ,,1 2,,,1 1 Fig. 1. Relationship between antimicrobial rate and treating time of limonene to Bacillus 1 2,,,,, 2 Fig. 2. Relationship between antimicrobial rate and treating time of limonene to Saccharomyce s 2. 5,,44, 4 ( ) Table 4. Comparison of antimicrobial effect between limonene and chemical pre servative ( Inhibitory circle diameter) Agent Bacillus Saccharomyc2 es sp1 ck Limonene Potassium sorbate Sodium benzoate Aspergillus niger mm Journal of Jilin Agricultural University

5 ),,; 2) ph, 3) 80, 100, 121, 4) 5), : [1 ],. [J ]., 2007 (16) : 64. [2 ]. [J ]., 2005 (1) : [3 ]. [J ]., 2006, 27 (3) : [4 ] Dambolena J S, L pez A G, Cgnepa M C, et al. Inhibitory effect of cyclic terpenes (limonene, menthol, menthone and thymol) on Fusarium verticillioides MRC 826 growth and fumonisin B1 biosyn2 thesis[j ]. Toxicon, 2008, 51 : [5 ],,. [M]. :, [6 ],,,. [J ]., 2008, 37 (5) : [7 ] Rasooli I, Rezaei M B, Allameh A. Ultrastructural studies on an2 timicrobial efficacy of thyme essential oils on Listeria monocytogenes [J ]. International Journal of Infectious Diseases, 2006, 10 : [8 ] Rasooli I, Owlia P. Chemoprevention by thyme oils of Aspergillus parasiticus growth and aflatoxin production [ J ]. Phytochemistry, 2005, 66 : [9 ],,. [J ]., 2005, 25 (1) : [10 ],,. 8 [J ]., 2008,13 (1) :9210. [11 ],,. [J ]., 2008, 29 (3) : [12 ],,, 1 [J ]1,2008,30 (4) : (16 ) ,60 kg/ hm 2,16 18 / hm kg/ hm 2,30 t/ hm ,60 65 cm, 10 cm,18 20 / hm 2,, : [1 ],,,. 12 [J ].,2003,25 (1) :123. [2 ],,,. 14 [J ].,2004,26 (2) : [3 ],,,. 16 [J ].,2006,28 (1) : [4 ],,,. 19 [J ].,2007,29 (3) : [5 ],,,. 13 [J ].,2004,26 (1) : [6 ],,,. 13 [J ].,2002,24 (6) :123. [7 ],,, 1 23 [J ].,2008,30 (6) : ,788. Journal of Jilin Agricultural University 2010, February

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