βάλῃ - aorist active subjunctive βάλλω = throw, put, place, lay, bring under BAGD 130b-.

Transcript

1 1 Mark 4:26-34 (4:26) ἔλεγεν imperfect active λέγω. ὡς = (relative adverb of the relative pronoun ὁς, it is used) (as a comparative particle, indicating the manner in which something proceeds) as, like, (corresponding to οὑτως = so, in such a way ), (special uses) (in ellipses), (and the words that go with it can be the subject of the object of a clause), each one as (or) according to what, (in indirect questions) II (as a conjunction denoting comparison) as 2 (the clause beginning with ὡς can easily be understood and supplied in many cases: when this occurs, the noun upon which the comparison depends can often stand alone, and inn these cases ὡς acts as a particle denoting comparison) 3 (Semitic influence is felt in the manner in which it is combined with a substantive, takes the place of a substantive of an adjective) under BAGD 897a. βάλῃ - aorist active subjunctive βάλλω = throw, put, place, lay, bring under BAGD 130b-. σπόρος, ου, ὁ = sowing, seed under BAGD 763a. γῆ, γῆς, ἡ = soil, earth, land (as opposed to sea), earth (in contrast to heaven), (as the inhabited globe) under BAGD 157b. (4:27) καθεύδῃ - present active subjunctive καθεύδω = sleep, (literal), (figurative) (of the sleep of death), (of spiritual laziness and indifference) under BAGD 388b. ἐγείρηται present passive subjunctive ἐγείρω = wake, rouse, raise, help to rise (of a person sitting down), lift up, raise up, erect, restore, raise up, bring into being (passive) wake up awaken, be raised, rise under BAGD 214b. νύξ, νύκτος, ἡ = night, (literal), (general) at night, in the night-time, (dative, answering the question when? ), (accusative, answering the question how long? ), (figurative) as the time for rest from work) under BAGD 546a.

2 2 ἡμέρα, ας, ἡ = day (of the natural day, the period between the rising and setting of the sun) under BAGD 353b-. βλαστᾷ - present active subjunctive βλαστάνω = sprout, put forth (transitive) (intransitive) under BAGD 142a. μηκύνηται present middle subjunctive μηκύνω = make long (cause to grow large), become long, grow (long) (of spouting grain) under BAGD 518b. οἶδεν aorist indicative οἶδα. (4:28) αὐτόματος, η, ον = (also with two endings) by itself (of something that happens without visible cause) under BAGD 122b. καρποφορέω = bear fruit (or) crops, (literal), (figurative) (of practical conduct as the fruit of the inner life) under BAGD 405a. πρῶτος, η, ον = first (of several, also when only two persons or things are involved), (of time), first, earliest, earlier, (of number of sequence) under BAGD 725a. χόρτος, ου, ὁ = grass, hay (in our literature almost always of green grass standing in field or meadow) (of wild grass in contrast to cultivated plants) under BAGD 884a. εἶτα = (adverb) (temporal) then, next (placed first), (a transition word) furthermore, then, next under BAGD 233b. στάχυς, υος, ὁ = head (or) ear (of grain), (spike)nard flower under BAGD 765b. Rare. πλήρης, ες = filled, fill (of things) under BAGD 669b. σῖτος, ου, ὁ = wheat, (then) grain under BAGD 752a. (4:29)

3 3 παραδοῖ - aorist active subjunctive παραδίδωμι = hand over, give (over), deliver, entrust, turn over, give up (a person), (of oral or written tradition) hand down, pass on, transmit, relate, teach under BAGD 614a. ἀποστέλλω = send away or out someone under BAGD 98b. δρέπανον, ου, τό = sickle (also a tool for cutting down trees and tree branches), (vinedresser s tool) under BAGD 206b. Hapax in the NT? παρέστηκε perfect active παρίστημι = (transitive) place beside, put at someone s disposal someone or something, present, represent under BAGD 627b. θερισμός, ου, ὁ = harvest, (the process [and time] of harvesting), (in figurative sense) (of persons to be won), (of the judgment) under BAGD 359b. (4:30) ὁμοιώσωμεν aorist active subjunctive ὁμοιόω = make like, make someone like a person or thing (passive) become like, be like someone, compare someone with (or) to someone or something under BAGD 567a. παραβολή, ῆς, ἡ = comparison, type, figure, symbol, (in the synoptic the word denotes a characteristic for of the teaching of Jesus), (apart from the synoptic gospels, π. is found in our literature frequently in Herman who, however, is not independent of the synoptic tradition. But Hermas uses π. only once to designate a real illustrative [double] parable) under BAGD 612a. θῶμεν aorist active subjunctive τίθημι = (active and passive) put, place, lay, lay (away), set up, put (away), place before someone, serve under BAGD 615b-. (4:31) κόκκος, ου, ὁ = seed, grai, (of various plants), (of the) scarlet berry under BAGD 440b. σίναπι, εως, τό = mustard seed (popularly viewed as the smallest of all seeds) under BAGD 751b. σπαρῇ - aorist passive subjunctive σπείρω = sow (seed), (with accusative of what is sown), (with indication of the place in which or on which something is sown),

4 4 (symbolically and metaphorically), (the word of God, the gospel), (the body after burial is compared to a seed-grain, which rises from the earth), scatter, disperse under BAGD 761a. μικρός, ά, όν = small, (of person), (in age) the little one, the child, (in esteem, importance, influence, power, and so on), (of things) small (in mass and compass), small (in number), small, insignificant, a little, what is insignificant, small, the state of being small, a short time, a little while under BAGD 521a. Grammatical note = Relative Pronouns. A relative pronoun is a pronoun that (usually) relates back to an antecedent noun and allows the writer to make an additional explanatory comment about that noun. The entire clause introduced by the relative pronoun is called a relative clause. The relative pronoun is normally translated in English as who, which, or that. Sometimes the antecedent of the relative pronoun is not stated or the relative pronoun points forward to a postcedent. One should note that a relative pronoun (like all pronouns) matches the gender and number of its antecedent. When translating from Greek into English, if a masculine or feminine relative pronoun is not referring to a personal entity, the translator should use which or that. For example, Mark 4:34 reads, It is like a grain of mustard seed, which, when sown on the ground The highlighted English word is a translation of a masculine relative pronoun. Consider how odd this verse would sound if the relative pronoun had been translated as who! See KMP, (4:32) ἀναβαίνω = go up, ascend under BAGD 50a. μεῖζον comparative spaciousness), (of quantity), (of intensity) under BAGD 497b. λάχανον, ου, τό = edible garden herb, vegetable under BAGD 467b. κλάδος, ου, ὁ = branch under BAGD 433a. δύνασθαι present middle infinitive δύναμαι = can, be able under BAGD 207a. σκία, ᾶς, ἡ = shade, shadow, foreshadowing under BAGD 755b.

5 5 πετεινόν, ου, τό = bird under BAGD 654a. κατασκηνοῦν present active infinitive κατασκηνόω = (transitive) cause to dwell (intransitive) live, settle under BAGD 418b. ὥστε δύνασθαι ὑπὸ τὴν σκιὰν αὐτοῦ τὰ πετεινὰ τοῦ οὐρανοῦ κατασκηνοῦν Difficult syntax especially with two infinitives. One is first and one is second. (4:33) τοιοῦτος, αύτη, οῦτον = of such a kind, such as this (correlative), (adjective), (without the article), (substantive) (quite predominantly with the article), (of things), (without the article) under BAGD 821a. This form of the neuter is predominant in Attic writing. ἐλάλει imperfect active λαλέω = (of inanimate things) sound, give forth sounds (or) tones, (of persons) speak, (be able to) speak, (in contrast to keeping silent), speak = express oneself (transitive) speak, (and thereby) assert, proclaim under BAGD 463a. ἠδύναντο imperfect middle δύναμαι = can, be able under BAGD 207a. ἀκούειν present active infinitive ἀκόυω. (4:34) χωρίς = separately, apart, by itself, separated from someone, far from someone, without someone, without (or) apart, besides, in addition to, except (for) someone under BAGD 890b. ἰδίαν here in the sense private(ly). ἴδιος, ία, ον = one s own, belonging to an individual under BAGD 369b. μαθητής, ῆς, ὁ = pupil, apprentice, disciple, adherent, learner under BAGD 485b. ἐπέλυεν imperfect active ἐπιλύω = set free, release, (figurative) explain, interpret, decide, settle (passive) (of a dispute) under BAGD 295b.