VERBS: memory aids through lesson 9 ACTIVE PRESENT AND IMPERFECT IMPERATIVE
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- Κυβηλη Αλαβάνος
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1 Verbs. thr.less9, p1 moods tenses INDICATIVE VERBS: memory aids through lesson 9 ACTIVE PRESENT AND IMPERFECT present present stem + / primary person endings present stem + / ending of infinitive I stop (something) stop (something)! to stop (something) ἐγώ παύ ω ο σύ παύ εις ε παῦ ε ἐκεῖνος παύ ει ε παυ έ τω ἡμεῖς παύ ο μεν ο ὑμεῖς παύ ε τε ε παύ ε τε ἐκεῖνοι παύ ουσι(ν) ο παυ ό ντων /παυ έ τωσαν παύ ειν imperfect AUGMENT + present stem + / secondary person endings I was stopping, used to stop (something) ἐγώ ἔ παυ ον ο σύ ἔ παυ ες ε ἐκεῖνος ἔ παυ ε ε ἡμεῖς ἐ παύ ο μεν ο ὑμεῖς ἐ παύ ε τε ε ἐκεῖνοι ἔ παυ ον ο THE IMPERFECT EXISTS ONLY IN THE INDICATIVE
2 INDICATIVE ACTIVE FUTURE future future stem (present stem + σ ) + / primary person endings I will stop (something) Verbs. thr.less9, p2 future stem (present stem + σ ) + + same ending as present infinitive to be about to stop (something) ἐγώ παύ σ ω ο σύ παύ σ εις ε ἐκεῖνος παύ σ ει ε ἡμεῖς παύ σ ο μεν ο ὑμεῖς παύ σ ε τε ε ἐκεῖνοι παύ σ ουσι(ν) ο THERE IS NO FUTURE παύ σ ειν ACTIVE AORIST INDICATIVE tense mark aorist AUGMENT + present stem + (σα) / secondary person endings (no augment) aorist stem + person endings I stopped (something) stop!, let him stop, etc. (something) ἐγώ ἔ παυ σα σα 1st person: no imperative σύ ἔ παυ σα ς σα παῦ σον ἐκεῖνος ἔ παυ σε σα παυ σά τω ἡμεῖς ἐ παύ σα μεν σα 1st person: no imperative ὑμεῖς ἐ παύ σα τε σα παύ σα τε ἐκεῖνοι ἔ παυ σα ν σα παυ σά ντων / παυ σά τωσαν to stop (something) (in certain contexts) = to have stopped (something) παῦ σαι
3 Verbs. thr.less9, p3 MIDDLE PASSIVE PRESENT AND IMPERFECT moods tenses INDICATIVE present present stem + + middle passive primary person endings MIDDLE: I stop MIDDLE: stop (= make a pause, rest)! (= make a pause, rest) PASSIVE: I am PASSIVE: be stopped! //being// stopped ἐγώ παύ ο μαι ο σύ παύ ῃ / ει ε παύ ου ἐκεῖνος παύ ε ται ε παυ έ σθω ἡμεῖς παυ ό μεθα ο ὑμεῖς παύ ε σθε ε παύ ε σθε ἐκεῖνοι παύ ο νται ο παυ έ σθων /παυ έ σθωσαν 1 present stem + / ending of infinitive MIDDLE: to stop (= make a pause, rest) PASSIVE: to be stopped παύ ε σθαι imperfect AUGMENT + present stem + / middle passive secondary person endings MIDDLE: I was stopping (= making a pause, resting) / I used to, etc. PASSIVE: I was stopped, used to be stopped ἐγώ ἐ παυ ό μην ο σύ ἐ παύ ου 2 ε ἐκεῖνος ἐ παύ ε το ε ἡμεῖς ἐ παυ ό μεθα ο ὑμεῖς ἐ παύ ε σθε ε ἐκεῖνοι ἐ παύ ο ντο ο THE IMPERFECT EXISTS ONLY IN THE INDICATIVE
4 INDICATIVE MIDDLE ONLY FUTURE future future stem (present stem + σ ) + / middle primary person endings I will stop (= make a pause, rest) ἐγώ παύ σ ο μαι ο σύ παύ σ ῃ / ει ε ἐκεῖνος παύ σ ε ται ε ἡμεῖς παυ σ ό μεθα ο ὑμεῖς παύ σ ε σθε ε ἐκεῖνοι παύ σ ο νται ο THERE IS NO FUTURE Verbs. thr.less9, p4 future stem (present stem + σ ) + + same ending as present infinitive to be about to stop)(= make a pause, rest) παύ σ ε σθαι MIDDLE ONLY AORIST INDICATIVE tense mark aorist AUGMENT + present stem + (σα) / secondary person endings (no augment) aorist stem + person endings I stopped (= made a pause, rested) stop! (= make a pause, rest) to stop (= make a pause, rest) (in certain contexts) = to have made a pause, rested ἐγώ ἐ παυ σά μην σα 1st person: no imperative σύ ἐ παύ σω σα παῦ σαι ἐκεῖνος ἐ παύ σα το σα παυ σά σθω ἡμεῖς ἐ παυ σά μεθα σα 1st person: no imperative ὑμεῖς ἐ παύ σα σθε σα παύ σα σθε ἐκεῖνοι ἐ παύ σα ντο σα παυ σά σθων / παυ σά σθωσαν παύ σα σθαι
5 Verbs. thr.less9, p5 1 An alternative ending of the 3rd person plural Imperative, found repeatedly in koinê Greek. 2 The is disguised here.
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