26 6 2004 11 Vol 26 No 6 JOURNAL OF BEIJ ING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY Nov 2004 3 1) 2 3) 4) 1) 5) g (1 2 3 4 5 ) 9 m 226 Shannon-Wiener 41198 01784 01027 3 > > 6 S718154 + 2 WANG Dianpei ; WANG Caiyun ; J I Shuyi ; XING Fuwu ; PENG Shaolin Community characteristics of Cycas fairylakea an endemic and endangered species Journal of Beijing Forestry University (2004) 26 (6) 122218[ Ch 26 ref ] South China Botanical Garden Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou 510650 P R China 2003211220 http :ΠΠwww wanfangdata com cn 3 (30270282) : : : 0712222345490 Email :wangdp @scib ac cn : 432100 g : : :0202284039571 Email :lsspsl @zsu edu cn :510275 A population of wild Cycas plants was discovered in November of 1999 in Nanshan District Shenzhen City The specimen was identified to be Cycas f airylakea D Y Wang The total number of individual C f airylakea plants was less than 2 000 Thus it is an endangered species according to the new criteria of IUCN Red Categories The study of community characteristics of C f airylakea was conducted based on field data The C f airylakea community belongs to south subtropical secondary evergreen broad- leaved forest with the average height of 9 m The species diversity of the community is relatively high with the species richness of 226 in 4 700 m 2 the Shannon-Wiener index of 41198 the evenness index of 01784 and the ecological dominance of 010271 The diversity pattern from maximum to minimum is shrub herb and tree layer in three layers of the community The spatial distribution pattern in mesophytic populations appears mostly clumped and that of heliophilic ones is mostly random as a result of their reproduction characteristics and the difference of micro- habits A weak inter- specific association is clarified and it shows an unsteady community structure Among six dominant populations populations of Sterculia lanceolata and Schefflera octophylla are increasing and those of Aporosa dioica Itea chinensis and Acronychia pedunculata are relatively stable whereas the population of C f airylakea is declining according to their age structures The community is still in succession process and has not reached the climax The current situation of C f airylakea community suggests that the necessary methods such as land closure for reforestation and no land reclaiming for plant fruits should be taken as soon as possible to restore the C f airylakea community and to develop progressive succession of the community Key words Cycas fairylakea endangered population community characteristic Shenzhen 1995-2005 Tsinghua Tongfang Optical Disc Co Ltd All rights reserved
6 : 13 ( Cycas fairylakea) 1996 ( P E ) [6 ] ; ( S N ) [7 ] [1 ] 21213 / t [8 ] ; [9 1999 11 ] [10 ] [11 ] Cassie [12 ] 2 000 21214 [2 ] ; : h < 0133 m ; h 0133 m D < 215 ( cm ; 215 D 715 cm ; 715 D 2215 ( ) 1999) cm ; D 2215 cm [13 ] [14 : 21215 ] [3 ] ( I ) I = 1 N w w = i = 1 n 1 - n 2 N w n n 1 + 1 n 2 n 2 I 1 (N 22 23 21 22 51 49 E 113 45 33 114 37 20 ) 150179 km 2 1 89812 mm 85 % 4 9 6 8 300 mm 2214 3817 ; 1 78 % 430 TABLE 1 Life form spectra of Cycas fairylakea community 1 m 90 300 m 35 70 2 [0 1 ] ; 3 311 0 23 57 52 52 2 4 25 7 4 Π% 0 10118 25122 23101 23101 0188 1177 11106 3110 1177 226 75 169 211 1999 2002 8213 % ; 1 ( 1) 10 m 10 m 47 ( Itea chinensis) ( Schefflera 2 cm octophylla) ( Aporosa dioica) ; 2 m 2 m 4 ( Ardisia quinquegona) ( Psychotria rubra) ; 212 ( Gnetum lofuense) ( Tetracera asiatica) ; 21211 Raunkiaer ( Sterculia lanceolata) [4 ] ( Archidendron clypearia) ; 21212 4 : ( Psychotria asiatica) ( Pothos ( S) [5 ] ; chinensis) 2 Shannon2Wiener ( S W ) [5 ] ; 9412 % Shannon2Wiener Pielous 518 % 1995-2005 Tsinghua Tongfang Optical Disc Co Ltd All rights reserved N 4 700 m 2
14 26 ( Adiantum flabellulatum) ( Lindsaea orbic2 ulata) ( Hypolutrum nemorum) ( Gahnia tristis) ; ; ( 2) 2 TABLE 2 Leaf characteristics of Cycas fairylakea community 23 138 63 2 7 75 109 34 165 50 169 57 Π% 10118 61106 27188 0188 3110 33163 48123 15104 77188 22112 74178 25122 54 [15 16 ] ; ( Lygodium japoni2 cum) ( Celastrus hindsii ) ( Millettia [17 ] dielsiana) 312 ; 9 m 15 ; 16 m 78 ( Acro2 nychia pedunculata) ( ) 3 ( 1) : 1 12 m ( Helicia cochinchinensis ) ( Diospyros eriantha) ( Artocarpus tonkinensis) 011 ; 2 6 12 m ( Ficus fistulosa) ( Cleistocalyx operculatus) ( Glochidion hir2 313 sutum) 0145 ; 3 2 31311 6 m ( Adina pi2 [18 ] lulifera) : 22 > 22 01651 1 3 m 138 > 22 ( 3) ; [19 ( Ardisia crispa) ] ( Evodia lepta) ( Ardisia crenata) 3 S W 31792 41569 P E 01922 01982 90 ( Acroceras tonkinense) ( Di2 31312 anella ensifolia) ( Pandanus austrosinensis) ( Scleris levis) 1995-2005 Tsinghua Tongfang Optical Disc Co Ltd All rights reserved 1 FIGURE 1 Tree individuals at different height classes of Cycas fairylakea community 20 14 [20 ]
6 : 15 3 ( Aquilaria sinensis) 3 ( 5) 3 TABLE 3 Diversity of family genera and species in Cycas fairylakea community S W P E S N 2 31833 01932 01031 2 31792 01922 01032 2 41569 01982 01012 S W 41198 P E 01784 S W P E 4 5 017 018 [7 ] : 4 S S W S N ; S S W P E TABLE 4 Diversity of whole community and three layers S N > > ( 4) 314 / :15 7 ; ;8 ( Zanthoxylum avicennae) ; in Cycas fairylakea community S N S W P E S N 78 1 500 21956 01678 01096 138 4 279 31704 01752 01044 90 2 612 31525 01783 01048 211 8 381 41198 01784 01027 5 TABLE 5 Distribution patterns of dominant populations in Cycas fairylakea community / t Cassie 11979 21295 3 01979 81686 91479 11115 11979 01115 11120 23193 33 101204 11258 231038 11795 111204 01795 71468 15117 33 61468 11173 141051 11853 71468 01853 51608 10181 33 41608 11375 101941 11728 51608 01728 01909 01213-01091 - 101989 01909 01909 01909-01091 11721 11692 01721 31581 31305 11279 11721 01279 31818 61609 33 21818 01887 51318 21127 31818 11127 11599 11405 01599 21365 21016 11423 11599 01423 11909 21132 3 01909 11375 21159 11727 11909 01727 11485 11137 01485 11547 11235 11646 11485 01646 21455 31411 33 11455 01516 21205 21939 21455 11939 31727 61396 33 21727 01581 41311 21722 31727 11722 11709 11663 01709 11175 11542 11851 11709 01851 01727 01640-01273 - 11221 01060 01181 01727-01819 11273 01640 01273 11833 01773 11545 11273 01545 : 3 ( = 0 05) 3 3 ( = 0 01) 6 ( 2) 918 % ; 315 ; V ( ) [14 ] 1995-2005 Tsinghua Tongfang Optical Disc Co Ltd All rights reserved
16 26 I = 0114 30 ( 6) 2 FIGURE 2 Age structures of six species in Cycas fairylakea community I 0120 12 I 0130 32 I 0120 ( Saurauia tristyla) [23 ] I = 0117 ; ( Euonymus chinensis) ( Si2 nosideroxylon wightianum) ( Vitex quinata) I = 0118 I = 01151 I = 0137 I = 014 I = 01441 I 012 218 % [21 ] [22 ] 6 TABLE 6 The coefficient of species association of Cycas fairylakea community 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 2 0137 3 0144 0154 4 014 015 0147 5 0177 0175 0174 0161 6 0154 015 0163 0148 0146 7 0169 0176 0149 0159 0154 0146 8 0173 0181 0175 0172 0172 0171 0164 9 0178 018 0178 0175 0142 015 0156 0153 10 0186 0182 0178 0185 0165 0157 0168 016 0162 11 019 019 0175 0186 0163 0169 0156 0161 0154 0133 12 0177 0185 018 0183 0178 017 0179 0151 0147 0137 0149 13 0188 0185 0176 0187 0158 0165 0161 0146 0132 0151 0145 0142 14 0191 0189 0179 0169 0138 0165 0158 0178 0153 0158 0138 0175 0167 15 0191 0187 018 0174 0153 017 0159 0146 0138 0149 0152 0165 0139 0153 16 0182 0177 0192 0173 0164 0161 0172 0144 0148 015 0175 0158 0163 0158 0149 17 019 0179 0168 0185 0164 0165 0142 0173 0161 0156 0144 0156 0147 0158 0161 0167 18 0187 0186 018 0178 0186 018 0172 0134 0153 016 0152 015 0156 0153 0136 0143 0158 19 0186 018 0182 0189 0169 0163 0165 014 0154 0125 0155 0145 0157 0167 014 0125 0144 0135 20 0191 0191 0184 0178 015 0179 0169 0175 015 0146 0138 0158 0167 0121 015 0142 0158 015 015 21 0194 0195 0179 0176 0155 0182 0156 0161 0153 0158 0135 0158 0155 0122 0136 0158 0142 0136 015 0133 22 0195 0191 0188 0188 0183 0179 0158 0163 0167 0144 0133 0144 0155 015 015 0142 0125 0133 0133 0133 0133 23 0193 0189 0187 0187 0192 019 0181 0143 0163 0154 0158 0145 0158 0158 0142 0138 015 0114 0129 0142 0142 0125 24 0193 0195 0185 0186 0183 0196 0183 0144 0153 0143 015 0132 0153 015 0136 0143 0158 0118 0135 0133 0133 0133 0115 25 0197 0196 0191 0188 0158 0188 0165 0154 0158 0136 0142 015 0158 0142 0125 0136 015 0142 0128 0125 0125 0125 0133 0125 26 0191 0192 0199 0182 0153 0181 0172 0146 0153 0142 015 0144 0153 015 0136 0128 0158 015 0133 0133 0133 0133 0142 0133 0111 27 0194 0191 0198 0188 0169 0181 0172 0147 0155 0158 015 0147 015 015 015 0125 0142 0133 0133 0133 0133 0117 0125 0133 0125 0119 28 0197 0194 0188 0186 0171 0179 0169 0175 0167 0128 0117 0144 0155 0133 015 0158 0142 015 015 0121 0133 0117 0142 0133 0125 0133 0133 29 0198 0199 0186 0199 0167 0179 0157 0163 0153 0128 0122 0128 0141 015 015 0158 0146 015 0133 0133 0133 0117 0142 0133 0125 0133 0133 0117 30 0198 0198 0186 0183 0158 0188 0161 0167 0158 015 0142 015 0158 0125 0142 015 0133 0142 0142 0125 0108 0125 0133 0125 0117 0125 0125 0125 0125 :1 ; 2 ; 3 ;4 ;5 ;6 ; 7 ; 8 ; 9 ; 10 ; 11 ;12 ;13 ;14 ;15 ;16 ;17 ;18 ;19 ;20 ;21 ;22 ;23 ;24 ;25 ;26 ;27 ;28 ;29 ;30 1995-2005 Tsinghua Tongfang Optical Disc Co Ltd All rights reserved
6 : 17 4 ; ; [24 > ] [18 ] [25 ] 1997 [7] : ; ; ; : : [16 ; ] ; ; > 1 : : 19961 3322237 2 1995 3 (4) : 23422239 3 : 4 - D H : 19861 13922293 5 Magurran A E Ecological diversity and its measurement New Jersey : Princeton University Press 19881 112266 6 : : 19941 14122165 7 1989 13 (1) :102217 8 : 19961 8522131 9 David F N Moore P G Notes on contagious distribution in plant popu2 [26 ] lation Ann Bot 1954 18 : 472253 1995-2005 Tsinghua Tongfang Optical Disc Co Ltd All rights reserved
18 26 10 Pielou E C : 19851 1192242 jing Forestry University 2002 24(5Π6) :10822114 20 11 Lloyd M Mean crowing J Anim Ecol 1967 36 : 1230 12 Yan H P Tan X Sun X Y et al Studies on species diversity of plan2 1997 21 (5) : 4802484 13 Proctor J Ecological studies on ( ) Environment forest structure and floristic J Ecol 1988 76 (2) : 3202340 14 1995 19(2) :14922157 1997 25 (5) :74280 15 2000 1982 6(1) :14235 16 23 1994 18(2) :1052120 17 24 1987 11 (3) :1612170 18 25 1997 16 (2) :126 19 26 2002 24 2001 23 (2) :162219 tation community on Beijing Xishan Journal of Beijing Forestry Univer2 sity 2001 23(2) :162219 21 22 24(3) :33222339 2000 24 (5) :56922574 1997 5 (2) :11222120 1996 16(2) :11922121 1995 19(4) :31122318 (5Π6) :1082114 Li J W Li J Q Ren YL Taxonomic diversity of main tropical forest ecosystem nature reserves in Hainan Province China Journal of Bei2 ( ) 22 ( ) Chinese Forestry Selected Abstracts 3 6 ( ) 16 112 6 36 412006 : :1502062016900014666 :0733228703351 0731225623278 Email :xb2csfu @163 com 1995-2005 Tsinghua Tongfang Optical Disc Co Ltd All rights reserved