JOURNAL OF BEIJ ING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY

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1 JOURNAL OF BEIJ ING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY Vol. 30, No. 4 Jul., ,2 1 1 (1 2 ) : 3,,7129,; 20124, ;75100, (10 ) (1 ),Logistic ( LT 50 ), , ,,,, : ; ; ; :S71813 :A : (2008) RUAN Zhi2ping 1,2 ; XIANG Ping 1 ; LI Zhen2ji 1. Cold tolerance of Butia capitata, Acoelorrhaphe wrightii and Elaeis guineensis. Journal of Beijing Forestry University (2008) 30 (4) [ Ch, 22 ref. ] 1 College of Life Sciences,Xiamen University,Fujian Province,361005,P. R. China ; 2 Xiamen Botanical Garden,Fujian Province,361005,P. R. China. Cold tolerances of Butia capitata, Acoelorrhaphe wrightii and Elaeis guineensis were studied during the winter (October of 2005 to January of 2006) in Xiamen City by cold injury index,electrolyte leakage and semi2 lethal low temperature. The results show that the cold injury indices ( CI) of B. capitata, A. wrightii and E. guineensis were 7129,20124 and 75100,respectively. The electrolyte leakage of leaves was measured in October and January under different temperatures,and the semi2lethal low temperature (L T 50 ) of leaves was assayed in different sampling periods by Logistic equation. The L T 50 of B. capitata, A. wrightii and E. guineensis were , and in October, and were , and in January,respectively. The results indicate that the sequence of the cold tolerance is as follows : B. capitata > A. wrightii > E. guineensis. Key words palm ; electrolyte leakage ; semi2lethal low temperature ; cold resistance (Palmae),,,, [1 ],,, l6 85, 818 % [2 ],,, [3225 ],, [6 ], , ,,,, [7 ],,, : http :ΠΠwww. bjfujournal. cn,http :ΠΠjournal. bjfu. edu. cn : :,, : : com. cn : :, : : com :

2 78 30 [82217 ], 3,,,,, 1 111,24 24 N, E,,1916, mm , TABLE 1 Average and lowest temperatures of Xiamen City from October 2005 to January ( Butia capitata Becc. ) ( Acoelorrhaphe wrightii ( Griseb. & H. Wendl. ) H. Wendl. ex Becc. ) ( Elaeis guineensis Jacq. ),,,, 10 g,, ,,, 30,, 5 (2), CI CI = n iw i Π( NW max ) (1), n i, W i, N, W max : [18 ], 1),, 2 TABLE 2 Evaluation standard of cold injury to palm in Xiamen City ,, 1Π3,,,,, 2Π3,,,, ( ), 4 8,,( 3 cm ) 6, A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 A6, 3 g, 3, 2) Polyscience 9610, h 3) 4 30 min, 8 ml, 4 h,, DS222 1 ( C 1 ) ; 10 min, 24 h, 2 ( C 2 ),,3 Y = ( C 1 - C w )Π( C 2 - C w ) (2), Y ( %), C 1 C 2 C w 1 2 (cmπs) 4) Logistic, Y = KΠ(1 + ae - bt ) (3), t ( ), K a b 114 SPSS1115, Logistic, ,,3,,,1

3 4 : 79 ( 617 %) 2 ( 313 %),,,7129,, 2, 4617 %,20124,,, 3 4, 5010 %, 75100,, 3 3 TABLE 3 Comparison of cold injury grades to three palm species leaves in Xiamen City Π % Π % Π % Π % Π % ( ) 4,, S (1), - 8, , - 10, % ; - 2-4,- 4, % ; - 2,45110 % Logistic, (LT 50 ), ; ; (6), > > % TABLE 4 Changes of electrolyte leakages of three palm species leaves under different temperatures in October 2005 Π : FIGURE 1 Changes of electrolyte leakages of B. capitata,a. wrightii and E. guineensis in October ( ) 3 5,2, , , - 14, %, % ; - 6-8,- 8,50160 % ; - 2-4, - 4,50 % Logistic, S ( L T 50 ), L T ; L T ; L T (6) > > % TABLE 5 Changes of electrolyte leakages of three palm species leaves under different temperatures in January 2006 Π

4 FIGURE 2 Changes of electrolyte leakages of B. capitata, A. wrightii and E. guineensis in January 214 S, LT 50 TABLE 6 Relationships between electrolyte leakage and temperature and semi2lethal low temperature (LT 50 ) of three palm species Logistic LT 50 R 2 Y = Π( e x ) Y = Π( e x ) Y = Π( e x ) Y = Π( e x ) Y = Π( e x ) Y = Π( e x ) ,3 L T 50 L T 50,,, L T 50, ; L T , 1157, ; L T ,- 2194,,0175,,,,;, 3 L T ,L T ,,, 3 Lyons [19 ],,,,,,,,, , , - 10,, - 10, 1 3,,,,,,,, , - 117,- 4,, 215,,,, [20 ],3, [212222],,,, [14,16],,,,,,

5 4 : 81 [ 1 ] JONES D L. Palms throughout the world [ M]. Washington D C: Smithsonian Institution Press,1994. [ 2 ]. [J ]., 1995,3 (2) : WANG Z F. The geographic distribution of the palmae[j ]. Journal of Tropical and Subtropical Botany,1995,3 (2) : [ 3 ],. 7 [J ].,1994,14 (3) : TANGJ M,LIU Z Z. Seven varieties of palms planted in Fuzhou City,Fujian Province [ J ]. Journal of Fujian College of Forestry, 1994,14 (3) : [ 4 ],. [J ].,1995,24 (2) : CHEN H B, ZHOU X Y. The use of common palms in landscape gardening[j ]. Subtropical Plant Research Communications,1995,24 (2) : [ 5 ]. [J ].,1999,15 (3) : LIU H S. Palms for the landscape architecture art [ J ]. Chinese Landscape Architecture,1999,15 (3) : [ 6 ]. [J ].,1998(1) : 33. HE J Y. Low temperature is the key factor for the tropical palm introduce in South China [ J ]. Journal of Guangdong Landscape Architecture,1998 (1) : 33. [ 7 ],,. [J ].,2001,17 (4) : ZHANG H,LIU Z Z, CHEN D X. Freeze injury investigation of ornamental plants in Xiamen [J ]. Chinese Landscape Architecture, 2001,17 (4) : [ 8 ],,,. [J ]. (), 2002,41 (5) : LIAO Q L,DING YL,YANG S C, et al. Change of membrane lipid peroxidation and activities of cell defense enzyme in leaves of Phoenix canariensis seedling under low temperature stress [ J ]. Journal of Xiamen University ( Natural Science ), 2002, 41 ( 5 ) : [ 9 ],,,. Ca 2 + [J ]. (),2002,41 (5) : DING YL,LIAO Q L, YANG S C, et al. Changes of the level of Ca 2 + in leaf cells of Pritchardia gaudichaudii H. Wendl. under low temperature stress [ J ]. Journal of Xiamen University ( Natural Science),2002,41 (5) : [10],,,. [J ]., 2002,11 (4) : YANG S C, XIE C T, ZHANG P, et al. Effects of cold hardening membrane lipid peroxidation and activities of cell defense enzymes in leaves of Pritchardia gaudichaudii seedling under low temperature stress[j ]. Journal of Plant Resources and Environment, 2002, 11 (4) : [11],,,. [J ].,2003,30 (1) : YANG S C,XIE C T,ZHANG P, et al. Changes in membrane lipid peroxidation and activities of cell defense enzyme in leaves of Butia capitata Becc. seedling under low temperature stress [ J ]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica,2003,30 (1) : [12],,,. ( Caryota urens L. ) Ca 2 + [J ].,2003,20 (2) : XIE C T,YANG S C,LIAO Q L, et al. The changes in Ca 2 + level and ultrastructure in the leaf cells of Garyota urens L. under low temperature stress [J ]. Chinese Bulletin of Botany, 2003, 20 ( 2) : [13],,,. [J ]. ( ),1999,35 (2) : CHEN X,LI J Q,WANGJ L, et al. Some physiological changes of Tranchycarpus forturnei temperature acclimation [J ]. ( Natural Science),1999,35 (2) : under freezing stress and effect of low Journal of Beijing Normal University [14],,,. [J ]. ( ),2003,39 (3) : CHEN X,FENG B H,ZHANGL J, et al. Physiological adaptability for the palm plants grew in the different eco2environments of north region during the period of planting through the winter[j ]. Journal of Beijing Normal University ( Natural Science),2003,39 (3) : [15],,. [J ].,2006,26 (2) : RUAN Z P,LIAO Q L,DING Y L. Cold resistance of introduced Phoenix canariensis in Xiamen [ J ]. Chinese Journal of Tropical Agriculture,2006,26 (2) : [16],,. 7 [J ].,2007,24 (1) : ZHANG Q F,WU H P,XU D X. Investigation of freezing injury on the seven introduced palm species in Shanghai [ J ]. Zhejiang Forestry College,2007,24 (1) : Journal of [17],,. [J ].,2007,24 (1) : RUAN Z P, LIAO Q L, DING Y L. The physiological indices comparative study of four palm species during the winter in Xiamen [J ]. Journal of Zhejiang Forestry College,2007,24 (1) : [18] YANG S C,LIN P. A mathematical model of low temperature and exposure time interactions on Kandelia candel leaf cold sensitivity [J ]. Chinese Journal Botany,1995,7 : [19] LYONS J M. Chilling injury in plants[j ]. Annual Review of Plant Physiology,1973,24 : 445. [20] PINO M T, SKINNER J S, PARK E J. Use of a stress inducible promoter to drive ectopic AtCBF expression improves potato freezing tolerance while minimizing negative effects on tuber yield[j ]. Biotechnology Journal,2007 (5) : Plant [21]. [J ]., 1987(3) : WANG R F. Plant cold resistance index and application[j ]. Physiology Communications,1987(3) : Plant [22]. [M]ΠΠ,.. :,1992 :395. WANG H C. Plant response to low2temperature stress [ M]ΠΠYU S W, TANG Z C. Plant physiology and molecular biology. Beijing : Science Press,1992 : 395. ( )

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