1993 1950 1970 1993 2001 2005 25 (Chang, 2005) 1980 1987 1990 1999 2000 2001 1. 1971 Sasaki (G. applanatum) (Sasaki et al, 1971) -2(IL-2) T (Lai and Lin, 1992) T α DNA T (Lai and Lin, 1991) IL-1,IL-2,IL-6,INF-α,INF-γ (Lieu et al, 1992) 2005 37
(AIDS) β (1-3) β (1-6) G. applanatum G. lucidum G. tsugae (G. applanatum) G. lucidum G. tsugae (Wang et al,1993) T TNF-α IFN-γ (Wang et al, 1997) F3, GLPS, PS-G -1(IL-1) TLR4 (Toll-like receptor-4) (Hsu et al, 2004, Lin et al, 2005) 2-1-2 1982 Kubota G. lucidum A.B. (ganoderic acid A. B.) (Kobota et al,1982) 1999 Kim HIV (Kim and Kim,1999) 1989 Kino G. lucidum LZ- (Ling Zhi-8) LZ-8 110 12,420 Da (Tanaka, 1989) LZ-8 (homodimmer) (systemic anaphylaxis reaction) (Arthus reaction) LZ-8 (Kino, 1989) LZ-8 β-d β-b α-a β-a α-b β-f β-g β-e β-c t-a 1 10 20 30 SDTALIFRLAWDVKKLSFDYTPNWGRGNPN 31 40 50 60 NFIDTVTFPKVLTDKAYTYRVAVSGRNLGV 61 70 80 90 KPSYAVESDGSQKVNFLEYNSGYGIADTNT 91 100 110 IQVFVVDPDTNNDFIIAQWN LZ-8 (Lin, 1997) 38 2005
FIP-gts FIP-fve FIP-vvo (Lin et al. 1997) 1989 Kino LZ-8 LZ-8 (nonobese diabetic, NOD) (Kino, 1990) LZ-8 (immunomodulatory drug) : CsA (cyclosporin A) R FK506 tacrolimus LZ-8 (ven der Hem, 1995) LZ-8 (G. tsugae) 13 kd FIP-gts (fungal immunomodulatory protein-gts) LZ-8 LZ-8 (human peripheral lymphocytes) 3 H-thymidine 5 µg/ml RT-PCR LZ-8 (IL-2, IL-4) (IFN-γ) (TNF-α) 1997 FIP-gts LZ-8 2003 13 kd FIP-fve (Ko et al. 1995) FIP-vvo (Hsu et al. 1997) LZ-8 FIP-fve FIP-vvo 51 2005 G. applanatum G. boninense G. formosamun G. fornicatum G. lucidum G. microsporum G. neojaponicum G. oerstedii G. resinaceum G. sinense G. tropicum G. tsugae G. valesiacum G. weberianum LZ-8 lz-8 LZ-8 genome walking G. microsporum G. fornicatum gmi gfo-1 gfo-2 lz-8 gmi gfo-1 Pichia pastoris KM71 replz regmi regfo-1 MALDI- TOF 2005 39
300 mg/l BALB/c (dendritic cells, DCs) IL-12 J774A.1 TNF-α T Jurkat cells IL-2 regmi 5 µg/ml DCs IL-12 replz 2005 Pichia pastoris (laccase, 1.10.3.2) (manganese peroxidase, 1.11.1.13) (lignin peroxidase, 1.11.1.14) (Servili et al., 2000) (Leonowicz et al., 2001) (Abadulla et al., 2000) (Mougin et al., 2000) S. cerevisiae S. cerevisiae (Larsson et al., 2001) Li Steffens (Li and Steffens, 2002) 1990 Ko (G. lucidum 7071-10) (isozymes) Galc3 ph3-ph10 (Ko et al., 2001) D'souza LZ-8 ( 2005) 40 2005
Veratryl alcohol 0.2U/ml (D'souza et al., 1999) 26 (intron) G. lucidum G. tsugae G. fornicatum RZ.lac4 0814.lac1 1109.lac1 2121 bp 2019 bp 2110bp 9 intron 520 521 521 21 signal peptide Cysteine Phenylalanine AOX1 1109.lac1 Pichia pastoris KM71 ph 3.0 65 C BMMHY 30 C 0.5 662 607 965 AY450404 (Pleurotus ostreatus ) AY176230 (Polyporous ciliatus lcc3) 36146.lac2 933 974 0814.lac1 AY485825 577 1109.lac1 997 998 1109.lac2 947 RZ.lac2 975 999 RZ-2.lac1 RZ-3.lac1 0815.lac1 997 RZ.lac1 RZ-34a.lac1 995 36291.lac1 1.5K 999 36291.lac2 909 0109.lac1 1000 521 615 989 AY364841 (G.sp.BS-1 lac2) 0109.lac2 977 0705.lac1 AF185275 963 0815.lac2 987 RZ.lac3 RZ.lac4 RS.lac1 974 566 864 976 36146.lac1 999 AY414807 (T. pubescens lap2) AY081188 (T. Versicolr lcc3) AY364840 (G.sp.BS-1 lac1) 0109.lac3 997 36291.lac3 1.5K 0705.lac2 0705.lac3 574 36122.lac2 RS.lac3 2005 41
6.6U/ml 81.7U/mg re1109.lac1 55 C 24 100 2005 1970 1995 Global Industry Analysis 2000 27 21 2004 30 2010 60 11.2% 1995 2002 2003 2010 β 2010 (Molecular pharming, biopharming pharming) 80 (Aspergillus spp.) (chymosin) B (virus-like particle) (Burns et al, 2005, Chen et al, 2000) (green fluorescent protein) (Hirano et al, 2000) pan7-1 hygromycin B hph - hygromycin B (1998) 2001 GPD promoter (2001 Sun et al,) 2004 restriction enzyme-mediated integration (2004 Kim et al,) 42 2005
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