21 11 2009 11 PROGRESS IN CHEMISTRY Vol. 21 No. 11 Nov., 2009 3 1,2 1 1,2 1,2 1,2 1,2 1 3 3 (1. 810008 ; 2. 100049),,, : O61412 ; TQ13212 : A : 10052281X(2009) 1122358207 The Exploitation and Utilization of Magnesium Resources in Salt Lakes Guo Min 1,2 Li Quan 1 Liu Haining 1,2 Ye Xiushen 1,2 Qing Binju 1,2 Ge Fei 1,2 Wu Zhijian 1 3 3 (1. Qinghai Institute of Salt Lakes, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810008, China ; 2. The Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China) Abstract Magnesium resources in salt lakes in China are of high grade, large reserves and easy exploitation. However, their utilization is lagged behind, affecting the sustainable exploitation and comprehensive utilization of other resources in salt lakes to some extent. In this paper, by considering the characteristics of magnesium resources in salt lakes in China, the research progress in the preparation and utilization of magnesium hydroxide, magnesium oxide, magnesium metal and alloys, magnesium oxychloride cements, and magnesium compound whiskers is reviewed. Some suggestions on the exploitation and comprehensive utilization of the magnesium resources in salt lakes in China are raised. Key words salt lake ; magnesium hydroxide ; magnesium metal ; magnesium oxychloride cement ; magnesium compound whisker Contents 1 Introduction 2 Preparation and applications of magnesium hydroxide 3 Preparation and applications of magnesium oxide 4 Preparation and applications of magnesium metal and alloys 5 Preparation and applications of magnesium oxychloride cements 6 Preparation and applications of magnesium compound whiskers 7 Conclusion and suggestions 1, (MgCO 3 ) (MgCO 3 CaCO 3 ), : 2009 4 3 (kzcx22yw2115) (20072G2153) 3 3 Corresponding author e2mail :zjw6512 @hotmail. com
11 2359, 2 ( ),,,, 41782 10 12 ( ),, [1 ],, 1 8 10, 300, 2 400 3 000, 30 50,, :, [2,3 ],,, ;,,,, 2 2 2 [4 ],,, [5 ],,, 95 %, D (50) 115 m [6,7 ],, : (1) ; (2) ; (3), Mg(OH) 2, [8 ] [9 ] [10 ] Mg 2 + NaOH Mg (OH) 2, Cu 2 +, Mg(OH) 2 ;, Mg(OH) 2 [8 ] MgCl 2 6H 2 O NaOH Mg (OH) 2,, ;, Mg(OH) 2 [9 ],, Mg (OH) 2,, [10 ], Mg(OH) 2 [11 ],,,, [12 ],,, [13 ],,,, [14 ]
2360 21,,, [15 ] ;, Π, [16 ] ;, CH CH 2, Π, [17 ], [18 ], [19 ], [20 ] 3,,,,Rohm and Haas,, 98 %, Elastomag Premier Chemicals ( MgO 99 %,Fe 2 O 3 011 %), MgO (90 % 95 %) Mg(OH) 2 (5 % 10 %) [21 ] : ; [22,23 ],, 1 2 000nm, 120mgΠg [23 ],,,,,,, 2 [24 ] [25 ] 4, Pidgeon ( ), Magn therm( ) Pidgeon, 2, : ; ;, 20 50,,,,,, Norsk Hydro 20 80, 450,, 2000, 80 %, ( ), 2000,,,,, 70 %,, 30 %,,
11 2361, 5, [26 ],,, MgCl 2 115H 2 O 700 720, 20 % MgCl 2, 20 % CaCl 2 60 % NaCl, 6 615V, 75 % 85 %, 18 000 18 500kW h, 9919 %, 115kA [27 ],, ( ),,,,, [2,42,43 ],,,,,, [28 ] Mg2Li [29 ] Mg2Zr [30 ] Mg212Li29Al2Zn (wt %) [31,32 ] Mg2 Pb [33 ] [34 2 41 ] Mg2Li, LiCl2KCl, Mg,, 420 510, Mg2Li Li 25wt % [29 ] Mg2Zr, LiCl2KCl2K 2 ZrF 6 Mg,,, 500 700, Mg2Zr Zr 018wt % [30 ] Mg212Li29Al2Zn, LiCl2 KCl, AZ91 Mg2Al2Zn,, 500 [31,32 ] Mg2Pb, MgCl 2 2NaCl2KCl,, Pb [33 ],,,,,, [34,38 ] [35 37,40 ], ;,,, IR, 5,,,, ( ),, :, ;, [2,42,43 ],,,,,, [43 ], 90min, 10 % 15 %, 7 0195, 28 0190, 90 %,, [43 ],
2362 21,,, [44 48 ] VS VLS [52 ] 6,,,, 015 20 m, 30 500 m, SLS [53 ],,,,, [49 ], ; 2 % 4 %, 30 MgO min, 80, 600rΠmin ;,, 99135 %, 12618 [54 ] [49 ],,,, 0187 % 99121 %,,,,,,, [55 ] : (1) ; (2), [56 ; (3) 59 ],,,, 015 20 m 10 100nm 10 200 98 % [50 ], 10 90,, 100 250 2 20h,, 40 400 m 0105 012 m, 200 2 000 98 % [51 ] MgC1 2 6H 2 O, KC1, 1 50 m, 50 2 000 m MgO,, MgO :MgO, VLS, [56 ] 7,,,,
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