( Fe 3 O 4 ) The Preparation Methods of Magnetite Nanoparticles and Their Morphology. Vol. 19 No. 6 June, 2007 PROGRESS IN CHEMISTRY )
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1 PROGRESS IN CHEMISTRY Vol. 19 No. 6 June, ( ) 3 3 ( ) 2 : O ; TB383 ; TM27 : A : X(2007) The Preparation Methods of Magnetite Nanoparticles and Their Morphology Yu Wenguang Zhang Tonglai 3 3 Zhang Jianguo Guo Jinyu Wu Ruifeng (State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing , China) Abstract Magnetite nanoparticles have been intensively concerned and researched in recent years due to their special properties in chemistry and physics and future applications in biology and medicine. More and more attentions have been paid to preparation methods as well as morphologic manipulation of magnetite nanoparticles since the characters and applications of magnetite nanoparticles are usually decided by their preparation method and shape. In this paper, preparation methods of magnetite nanoparticles are summarized, including DC arc plasma method, thermal decomposition method, ball milling method, co2precipitation method, hydrothermal method, sol2gel method, electrochemical process, micro2emulsion, template method and so on. The current work of authors in preparing magnetite nanoparticles with various morphologies such as octahedron, foursquare and polyhedron is presented. Such magnetite nanoparticles with novel octahedral shapes was synthesized and reported by authors for the first time, so did the foursquare and polyhedral magnetite nanoparticles. The development trends of methods of preparing magnetite nanoparticles are also discussed. Key words nanoparticles ; magnetite ; preparation methods ; morphology 1 ( ) : (1) ; (2), ; (3) ; (4) [1 7 ],, : , : (No ) 3 3 e2mail edu. cn Fe 3 O 4,
2 6 ( ) 885 2, ( ) ( ) [12 ],,,300, ;,,, [13 ] FeCl 2 4H 2 O PVA ( ) h,600 40nm Balasubramaniam [8 ] Gerardo [14 ] 015m, 7 10nm Fe 3 O 4, [9 ] Fe 3 O 4,, Balasubramaniam 212 FeC,, Fe 2 + Fe 3 + Fe 3 O , Fe 2 + Balasubramaniam Fe ; 21112, [10 ] Fe 2 + Fe 3 +, 1 2 Fe 2 + Fe 3 +,, Fe 2 + Fe 3 +, : [11, ] Fe Fe OH - + 4H 2 O, [ Fe 2 (C 2 O 4 ) 3 nh 2 O ], 473K,, [15] [16] FeCl 2 4H 2 O
3 FeCl 3 6H 2 O NH 3 H 2 O NaOH [17] [18] FeSO 4 7H 2 O FeCl 3 6H 2 O NaOH NH 3 H 2 O ( ) Fe 2 + Fe 3 +, ( ), 70 90, [19] [25 ] 1 Fe 2 + Fe 3 + (Fig. 1 Reaction apparatus of precipitation with forced mixing. ) 1. valve, 2. water bath, 3. ferroas and ferric solution, 4. NaOH 25nm [20] solution,5. controlled thermometer,6. reactor,7. stirrer,8. reflux condenser,9. electrical heater [25 ], Li [27 ] Aono [21], FeO (OH), Wang [ 28 ] : (1), (2),, Fe 2 + Fe 3 +, Fe 2 + Fe , Fe 2 + [22 ],,Fe 2 + Fe 2 + Fe 3 +, Fe (OH) 2 ( ),2Π3 Fe (OH) 2 [23 ] [24 ], : Zhu [25 ] Fe OH - Fe (OH) 2 ph 6Fe (OH) 2 + O H 2 O [29 ] FeSO 4 7H 2 O NaOH,, O 2 20nm ph [30 ], Zhu 1, Fe 2 + Fe 3 + ph, Thapa [31 ] 80 90, NH 3 H 2 O FeCl 2 H 2 O, Vayss res [26 ]
![6 ( ) 887 Fe 2 + Thapa, ( 3b) Chen [32 ], 3 (a) [35 ] ( b) [29 ] 2 (NH 4 ) 2 Fe (SO 4 ) 2,O 2 ; Fig.](/docs-images/92/107911322/images/4-1.jpg "3 Magnetite nanoparticles prepared by nitrate2oxidized (a) [35 ] or air2oxidized method (b) [29 ], Fe 3 + 1Π3 Fe 3 +,Fe 2 + Fe 3 + 1 2,Fe 2 + Fe 3 + [32 ] 2 Chen Fig.")
4 6 ( ) 887 Fe 2 + Thapa, ( 3b) Chen [32 ], 3 (a) [35 ] ( b) [29 ] 2 (NH 4 ) 2 Fe (SO 4 ) 2,O 2 ; Fig. 3 Magnetite nanoparticles prepared by nitrate2oxidized (a) [35 ] or air2oxidized method (b) [29 ], Fe 3 + 1Π3 Fe 3 +,Fe 2 + Fe ,Fe 2 + Fe 3 + [32 ] 2 Chen Fig. 2 A novel apparatus designed by Chen [32 ] : Fe e - Fe 2 + Fe Fe OH - + 4H 2 O Qu [36 ] Na 2 SO 3 Fe 3 +,NH 3 H 2 O [ Fe 3 + ][ SO 2-3 ] [ Fe 3 + ]Π[ SO 2-3 ] = 3, Qu [36 ],Na 2 SO 3 [37 ] Na 2 SO 3 (O 2 ),, [33 H 2 O 2 ] H 2 O 2 2 2,20K Verwey ; Verwey Kumar [34 ] H 2 O 2, Fe 2 + Fe H 2 O 2 ph, [35 ], FeSO 4 7H 2 O NaOH O 2 H 2 O 2,,SEM ( 3a) FeCl 3,, ( 3b) Khollam [38 ] (MARS25) FeSO 4 7H 2 O FeCl 3 6H 2 O
5 NaOH ph 10 FeΠNaOH > mA :6Fe + 8H 2 O = 2 Fan [39 ],FeSO 4 7H 2 O NaOH,Na 2 S 2 O 3 1molΠL NaCl KCl ph [40 ] 21214, FeCl 2 4H 2 O NaOH,H 2 O 2 Diamandescu [41 ],FeSO 4 NaOH, Fe (OH) 2 ( Cr Ni Mo) Ni2Cr Ni2Al Liu [49 ] NaOH DBSΠ Π Fe 2 + WΠO NaOH Fe 3 + FeCl 3 FeCl 2 [42 Chen 44 ] NaOH, FeCl 2 4H 2 O NaOH,FeCl 2 4H 2 O NaOH H 4 N 2 4H 2 O,FeCl 3 6H 2 O H 4 N 2 4H 2 O,,NaOH, AEO 3 + TX 10,, Fe 2 + Fe 3 + ( 1 2), NaOH ( 25 40nm ) Si [45 ] [51 ] FeCl 3 6H 2 O FeCl 2 4H 2 O,FeCl 3 6H 2 O Fe, NH 3 H 2 O,, 10nm (AOT), Pinna [46 ] 15nm , 8 25nm,, ( ), ;, ;,, ,, Franger [47 ] Morais [52 ] 2 4cm 2 ( ), FeSO 4 1h,, NaCl Na 2 SO 4 NaSCN, KNO 3 + 8H 2 Wang [48 ] 50Hz,, [50 ] FeSO 4 7H 2 O Fe (NO 3 ) 3, Rabelo
![6 ( ) 889 [53 ] 2 2,97 % ; ; Fe 2 + Fe 2 +, KOH NaNO 3, Chen [54 ] 242, 242 21217 Shchukin [55 ] Fe 3 O 4, 4 [55 ] 4 21216 2 Fe 2 + Fe 3 + [65 1 2 ] [66 ] ph, Gun ko [57 ] [65 72 ] Wu [5 ] [ Fe (O t](/docs-images/92/107911322/images/6-0.jpg "Bu) 3 Na ( THF) ] 2 2 (5a) Wang KNO 3 FeSO 4,, Li [59 ] N 2,FeCl 3 6H 2 O 22,,24h [60 ] 22 Fig.")
6 6 ( ) 889 [53 ] 2 2,97 % ; ; Fe 2 + Fe 2 +, KOH NaNO 3, Chen [54 ] 242, Shchukin [55 ] Fe 3 O 4, 4 [55 ] Fe 2 + Fe 3 + [ ] [66 ] ph, Gun ko [57 ] [65 72 ] Wu [5 ] [ Fe (O t Bu) 3 Na ( THF) ] 2 2 (5a) Wang KNO 3 FeSO 4,, Li [59 ] N 2,FeCl 3 6H 2 O 22,,24h [60 ] 22 Fig. 4 Magnetite nanoparticles loaded in polyelectrolyte capsules [55 ] 11nm 22 Si [56 ] (, 22 ) FeSO 4 22 ( ), [61 ], 10nm 30min ph 1h Sun [62 ] 1,22,150 20nm, [63 ], [64 ], 3 [58 ] KOH [28 ],, (5b) Chen [32 ] 90 4h (5c) Kumar [34 ] 2 OH - Fe 2 +, (5d) Liu [63 ]
![890 19 (5e) Wang [48 ] 4 (5f), 5 Fe 3 O 4 TEM (5a [5 ], 5b [28 ], 5c [32 ], 5d [34 ], 5e [63 ], 5f [48 ] ) Fig.](/docs-images/92/107911322/images/7-0.jpg "5 TEM images of magnetite nanoparticles (5a [5 ],5b [28 ], 5c [32 ], 5d [34 ], 5e [63 ], 5f [48 ] ) (6a) (6b) 57 65 (6c), 6 SEM [73 ] Fig.")
![6 SEM images of magnetite nanoparticles [73 ] : (1) ; (2) ; (3), ;, ; ;, [ 1 ] Konishi Y, Nomura T, Mizoe K. Hydrometallurgy, 2004, 74 : [ 2 ] ( Gan Z F), (Jiang J S). ( Prog. Chem.](/docs-images/92/107911322/images/7-1.jpg "), 2005, 17(6) : 978 986 [ 3 ] Franger S, Berthet P, Berthon J. J. Solid State Electr., 2004, 8 : 218 223 [ 4 ] (Liu H R), ( Ge X W), (Ni Y H). (Prog. Chem.")
7 (5e) Wang [48 ] 4 (5f), 5 Fe 3 O 4 TEM (5a [5 ], 5b [28 ], 5c [32 ], 5d [34 ], 5e [63 ], 5f [48 ] ) Fig. 5 TEM images of magnetite nanoparticles (5a [5 ],5b [28 ], 5c [32 ], 5d [34 ], 5e [63 ], 5f [48 ] ) (6a) (6b) (6c), 6 SEM [73 ] Fig. 6 SEM images of magnetite nanoparticles [73 ] : (1) ; (2) ; (3), ;, ; ;, [ 1 ] Konishi Y, Nomura T, Mizoe K. Hydrometallurgy, 2004, 74 : [ 2 ] ( Gan Z F), (Jiang J S). ( Prog. Chem. ), 2005, 17(6) : [ 3 ] Franger S, Berthet P, Berthon J. J. Solid State Electr., 2004, 8 : [ 4 ] (Liu H R), ( Ge X W), (Ni Y H). (Prog. Chem. ), 2001, 13(5) : [ 5 ] Wu M Z, Xiong Y, Jia Y S, et al. Chem. Phys. Lett., 2005, 401 : [ 6 ] Wan S R, Huang J S, Yan H S, et al. J. Mater. Chem., 2006, 16 : [ 7 ] Yao KL, Tao J, Liu ZL, et al. J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2004, 20(4) : [ 8 ] Balasubramaniam C, Khollam Y B, Banerjee I, et al. Mater. Lett., 2004, 58 : [ 9 ] (Liu C Y), (Wang Y), (Li J). (Acta Phys. Sin. ), 2000, 49(4) : [10] ( Zheng L X), ( Peng G X). ( Fine Chem. ), 1995, 12(6) : 11 13
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