Lecture Notes in Physics 745 Precision Physics of Simple Atoms and Molecules Bearbeitet von Savely G Karshenboim 1. Auflage 2007. Buch. xiv, 286 S. Hardcover ISBN 978 3 540 75478 7 Format (B x L): 15,5 x 23,5 cm Gewicht: 1330 g Weitere Fachgebiete > Physik, Astronomie > Physik Allgemein Zu Leseprobe schnell und portofrei erhältlich bei Die Online-Fachbuchhandlung beck-shop.de ist spezialisiert auf Fachbücher, insbesondere Recht, Steuern und Wirtschaft. Im Sortiment finden Sie alle Medien (Bücher, Zeitschriften, CDs, ebooks, etc.) aller Verlage. Ergänzt wird das Programm durch Services wie Neuerscheinungsdienst oder Zusammenstellungen von Büchern zu Sonderpreisen. Der Shop führt mehr als 8 Millionen Produkte.
Contents Looking Through Simple Atoms and Molecules at Fundamental Physics S. G. Karshenboim... 1 1 Introduction... 1 References... 4 Part I Precision Measurements and Fundamental Constants The Muon g 2: Status and Perspectives F. Jegerlehner... 9 1 LeptonMagneticMoments... 9 2 The BNL Muon g 2Experiment... 12 3 Standard Model Prediction for aμ... 15 3.1 TheUniversalQEDContribution... 16 3.2 Mass-DependentQEDContribution... 17 3.3 WeakContributions... 19 3.4 HadronicContributions... 22 4 TheoryConfrontingtheExperiment... 28 5 Prospects... 30 References... 32 Guide for Atomic and Particle Physicists into CODATA s Recommended Values of the Fundamental Physical Constants S. G. Karshenboim... 35 1 Introduction... 35 2 The Adjustment of the Fundamental Constants: AGeneralView... 36 3 The Adjustment of the Fundamental Constants: The Data......... 37 4 ElectricalData... 38 5 Recommended Values and the Less Accurate Original Results..... 40
X Contents 6 The Fine Structure Constant α andrelateddata... 41 7 The Planck Constant h andrelateddata... 43 8 TheNewtonianConstantofGravitation... 44 9 The Fundamental Constants and Their Numerical Values.......... 45 10 MicroscopicandMacroscopicQuantities... 46 11 Reliability of the Input Data and the Recommended Values........ 47 12 ProtonProperties... 48 13 MuonProperties... 50 14 Impact of a Redefinition of the Kilogram on Values of the Fundamental Constants........................ 51 15 Legacy of the Adjustment of the Fundamental Constants.......... 52 References... 53 Part II Proton Structure and Hydrogen Energy Levels Precise Radii of Light Nuclei from Electron Scattering I. Sick... 57 1 Introduction... 57 2 ProtonChargeRadius... 57 3 RadiusofMagnetizationDensity... 65 4 ZemachMomentofProton... 66 5 EffectofTwo-PhotonExchange... 68 6 ThirdZemachMomentofProton... 69 7 DeuteronRadius... 69 8 Radii of A =3Systems... 71 9 Radius of 4 He... 72 10 HeavierNuclei... 73 11 Summary... 74 References... 75 Nucleon Form Factor Measurements in Mainz: Past and Future J. C. Bernauer for the A1 collaboration... 79 1 Introduction... 79 2 MainzExperiments... 81 2.1 TheMainzLINACera... 81 2.2 TheMAMIBera... 84 2.3 TheMAMICera... 87 3 ConclusionandOutlook... 90 References... 90
Contents XI Proton Structure Corrections to Hydrogen Hyperfine Splitting C. E. Carlson... 93 1 Introduction... 93 2 HyperfineSplitting Calculations... 94 2.1 ElasticTerms:TheZemachCorrection... 95 2.2 ElasticTerms:RecoilCorrections... 96 2.3 Inelastic Terms: Polarizability Corrections.................. 98 3 Re-evaluation of Δ pol...101 4 CommentsontheDerivationsoftheFormulas...103 5 Conclusion...105 References...106 Part III Atoms with Few Electrons Precision Laser Spectroscopy of Li + and Neutral Lithium W. A. van Wijngaarden and G. A. Noble...111 1 Introduction...111 2 Background...112 3 Li + (1s) 2 3 S 1s2p 3 PTransition...113 4 LiDLines...118 5 Conclusions...127 References...128 Halo Nuclei in Laser Light G. W. F. Drake, Z.-T. Lu, W. Nörtershäuser, and Z.-C. Yan...131 1 Introduction...131 2 Theory...133 2.1 Solution to the Nonrelativistic Schrödinger EquationforHelium...134 2.2 VariationalBasisSetsforLithium...135 2.3 RelativisticCorrections...136 2.4 QEDCorrections...137 3 TheoreticalIsotopeShifts...138 4 6 HeIsotopeShiftandNuclearRadius...141 5 ExperimentsinLithium...144 5.1 ExperimentalTechnique...145 5.2 Results...147 6 DiscussionandFutureWork...151 References...152
XII Contents Part IV Exotic Atoms and Heavy Ions Quantum Electrodynamics in Extreme Fields: Precision Spectroscopy of High-Z H-like Systems Th. Stöhlker, A. Gumberidze, M. Trassinelli, V. Andrianov, H. F. Beyer, S. Kraft-Bermuth, A. Bleile, P. Egelhof, and The FOCAL collaboration...157 1 The Current Status of the Experimental and Theoretical Investigations...157 2 Next Generation Spectroscopic Experiments on High-Z H-like Ions. 159 3 Conclusions...162 References...162 Pionic Hydrogen D.Gotta,F.Amaro,D.F.Anagnostopoulos,S.Biri,D.S.Covita, H. Gorke, A. Gruber, M. Hennebach, A. Hirtl, T. Ishiwatari, P. Indelicato, Th. Jensen, E.-O. Le Bigot, J. Marton, M. Nekipelov, J. M. F. dos Santos, S. Schlesser, Ph. Schmid, L. M. Simons, Th. Strauch, M. Trassinelli, J. F. C. A. Veloso, and J. Zmeskal...165 1 Introduction...165 2 Pion NucleonInteractionatThreshold...167 3 ScatteringLengthsandPionicAtoms...169 3.1 PionicHydrogen...169 3.2 PionicDeuterium...169 4 AtomicCascadeinPionicHydrogen...171 5 ExperimentalApproach...173 5.1 Set-UpatPSI...173 5.2 EnergyCalibration...175 5.3 ResponseFunction...177 5.4 MuonicHydrogen...178 6 Results...179 6.1 TransitionEnergyandHadronicShift...179 6.2 LineWidthandHadronicBroadening...180 6.3 Scattering Length and Pion Nucleon Coupling Constant...... 181 7 SummaryandOutlook...182 References...183 Precision Spectroscopy of Antiprotonic Helium Atoms and Ions Weighing the Antiproton R. S. Hayano...187 1 Introduction...187 2 AntiprotonicHeliumAtoms...189 3 Principle of the phe + LaserSpectroscopy...190 4 Why Further p Deceleration Using an Inverse Linac Is Needed?.. 191
Contents XIII 5 Further Improvement Using an OpticalFrequencyComb...193 6 The First Measurement of a Metastable-to-Metastable Transition Frequency...197 7 ExperimentalResults...198 8 SummaryandOutlook...199 References...200 Part V Simple Molecules Precision Spectroscopy of Molecular Hydrogen Ions: Towards Frequency Metrology of Particle Masses B.Roth,J.Koelemeij,S.Schiller,L.Hilico,J.-P.Karr,V.Korobov, and D. Bakalov...205 1 Introduction...205 2 Ab Initio Theory of H + 2 and HD+...207 2.1 VariationalExpansion...208 2.2 Leading-Order Relativistic and Radiative Corrections........ 209 2.3 R α 4 OrderCorrectionsintheNonrecoilLimit...210 2.4 HyperfineStructureofStates...211 2.5 Two-Photon Transition Probabilities....................... 214 3 Two-Photon Spectroscopy of H + 2...215 3.1 H + 2 LevelStructure...215 3.2 One-PhotonTransitions:Photodissociation...216 3.3 Two-Photon Transitions: Choice of the Transition............ 217 3.4 ExperimentalSequence...218 3.5 ExperimentalSetup...219 3.6 Two-PhotonExcitationLaserSource...220 4 Cooling and Spectroscopy of HD +...222 4.1 Preparation and Characterization of Cold MHI Ensembles.... 222 4.2 Spectroscopy of HD +...224 5 ConclusionandOutlook...229 References...230 Nuclear Magnetic Dipole Moments from NMR Spectra Quantum Chemistry and Experiment M. Jaszuński and K. Jackowski...233 1 Introduction...233 2 NMRShielding Constants...235 2.1 NMREffectiveSpinHamiltonian...235 2.2 Ab Initio Studies of NMR Shielding Constants.............. 236 3 Comparison of the Gas-Phase NMR Spectra withabinitioresults...238 3.1 Spin-RotationConstants...239 4 NMRExperimentintheGasPhase...240
XIV Contents 5 Nuclear Magnetic Moments A General Scheme fordifferentnuclei...242 6 ResultsandDiscussion...244 6.1 NMR Shielding Constants for the First- and Second-RowAtoms...244 6.2 NMR Shielding Constants for the Third-Row and Heavier Atoms...246 7 Consistency of the New Values of Nuclear Magnetic Moments...... 249 7.1 New Values of the Nuclear Magnetic Dipole Moments........ 249 7.2 DerivedShieldingConstants...250 7.3 AccuracyoftheResults...253 8 Conclusions...257 References...258 The Negative Ion of Positronium: Decay Rate Measurements and Prospects for Future Experiments F. Fleischer...261 1 Introduction...261 2 A Brief Survey of the Properties of Ps...262 2.1 Ground-State Binding Energy............................. 262 2.2 AnnihilationandDecayRates...263 2.3 ExcitationandResonances...266 3 ExperimentswiththeNegativePositroniumIon...268 3.1 Production of Ps...268 3.2 MeasurementsoftheDecayRate...269 3.3 Outlook: Current Status of the Decay Rate Measurements andprospectsforfurtherexperiments...276 4 Conclusion...279 References...280 Index...283