Citation 東南アジア研究 (2005), 43(3):

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1 Title イギリス帝国治安維持システムとコミンテルンネットワーク : ルフラン事件 (1931) を事例として Author(s) 鬼丸, 武士 Citation 東南アジア研究 (2005), 43(3): Issue Date URL Right Type Departmental Bulletin Paper Textversion publisher Kyoto University

2 Policing the Comintern Network in Asia: The Lefranc Affair and the British Security System* OC>B6GJ Takeshi** After World War I, the International Communism Movement, led by the Third International the Comintern was one of the major threats to the British Empire. The Comintern constructed a worldwide liaison network of comrades called the Comintern Network to try to penetrate the Western World. In order to police this Comintern Network, the British Empire constructed its own Security System consisting of the Intelligence Service the Political Intelligence Bureau or the Special Branch and the Passport Control System. This paper uses the Lefranc Affair as a case study to demonstrate how the British Security System policed the Comintern Network, particularly in Asia. A French agent of the Comintern named Serge Lefranc, alias Joseph Ducroux, who worked in Asia from, was arrested in Singapore on June. This paper describes how the British Security System monitored his activities and took action against him, and summarizes the structure of the British Security System by focusing on cooperation between the Intelligence Service and the Passport Control System. Keywords: British Empire, Comintern Network, Intelligence Service, passport control system, Singapore, Serge Lefranc Joseph Ducroux * ** Center for Southeast Asian Studies, Kyoto University onimaru cseas.kyoto-u.ac.jp 303

3 Special Branch Political Intelligence Bureau Andrew Shanghai Municipal Police The Lefranc Affair 304

4 Metzger Ban Yong a Yong b McKnight Goscha McKnight Yong b 305

5 Serge Lefranc Joseph Ducroux Federation de la Seine des Jeunesse Communistes Ll. Wynne British War Office, WO / Metzger 306

6 Sir Lee Stack M. N. Roy Dupont Lenin School Young Communist International Rif War Hilaire Noulens Nguyen Ai Quoc: British War Office, WO / Metzger : 307

7 Oxley Rise New Mansions Winchester House SERGLEFRANC Singapore All India Communist Party Pan Pacific Trade Union Secretariat Wan Fu Tai Kheng Amber Mansions Metzger : Nanyang Provisional Committee Yong b: René Onraet Metzger :, 308

8 Wong Muk Han Chew T. V. Wong Lombard Cord British War Office, WO / ; Yong b: Teo Yuen-foo: Bassa Partai Komunis Indonesia: PKI Dutch East Indies Bureau: DEIB DEIB PKI Goscha : ; Yong b: T. V. Wong British War Office, WO / 309

9 J. H. Dolsen Mr. Du Croux Shanghai Municipal Police, SMP File: D / 310

10 Dupont ibid.: D / 311

11 Passport Control Department Passport Control Officers Andrew : Peoples Tribune Prohme Rue Lafayette 312

12 Shanghai Municipal Police, SMP File: D / a b c d Metzger : Duiker :, Yong a: Ban : d b 313

13 a Shanghai Municipal Police, SMP File: D / c IDC Indian Political Intelligence Files, Political Intelligence Bureau 314

14 Onraet Sir Cecil Clementi Yong a: Chan Lau Kit-ching 315

15 Straits Settlements Police, Special Branch, SSPPIJ: Supplement No. OMS Litten : 316

16 : British War Office, WO / : China Personalities. Ducroux or Serge Lefranc. Public Record 317

17 Office, London. Shanghai Municipal Police, Shanghai Municipal Police Files SMP File National Archives and Records Administration, Washington DC. Straits Settlements Police, Special Branch, Straits Settlements Police Political Intelligence Journal SSPPIJ Centres des Archives d Outre-mer, Aix-en-Provence. Andrew, Christopher.. Her Majesty s Secret Service: The Making of the British Intelligence Community. New York: Viking Penguin Inc. Ban Kah Choon.. Absent History: The Untold Story of Special Branch Operations in Singapore Singapore: Raffles. Chan Lau Kit-ching.. From Nothing to Nothing: The Chinese Communist Movement and Hong Kong Hong Kong: Hong Kong University Press. Duiker, William J.. Ho Chi Minh. Sydney, Australia: Allen & Unwin. Goscha, Christopher E.. Thailand and the Southeast Asian Network of the Vietnamese Revolution, Richmond: Curzon Press. Litten, Frederick S.. The Noulens Affair. The China Quarterly June. No. :. Mcknight, David.. Espionage and the Roots of the Cold War: The Conspirational Heritage. London: Frank Cass. Metzger, Laurent.. Joseph Ducroux, a French Agent of the Comintern in Singapore Journal of the Malayan Branch of Royal Asiatic Society :. Onraet, René.. Singapore: A Police Background. London: Dorothy Crips & Co. Yong, C. F. a. Law and Order: British Management of Malayan Communism During the Interwar Years,. In Empires, Imperialism and Southeast Asia, edited by Brook Barrington, pp.. Clayton, Australia: Monash Asia Institute.. b. The Origin of Malayan Communism. Singapore: South Seas Society. 318

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