PROPERTY VALUES OF METALS AT 20 C OR AS INDICATED

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1 HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER DATA BOOK 1 PROPERTY VALUES OF METALS AT 20 C OR AS INDICATED Density Thermal Diffusivity Specific Heat Thermal Conductivity Metal ρ α = k/ρc c k kg/m 3 m 2 /s J/kgK W/mK Aluminium, Pure Aluminium alloy 2024-T6 (4.5% Cu, 1.5% Mg, 0.6% Mn) at 27 C Aluminium alloy 195, cast, (4.5% Cu) at 27 C Aluminium Bronze, (95% Cu, 5% Al) Al-Cu, Duralumin (94.96% Al, 3-5% Cu, trace Mg.) Al-Mg-Si (97% Al, 1% Mg, 1% Si, 1% Mn.) Al-Si (Alusil) (78.8% Al, 20.22% Si) Al-Si (Silumin) (86.5% Al, 12.5% Si, 1% Cu) ARMCO IRON (99.75% pure) at 27 C Brass, (70% Cu, 30% Zn) Brass, Red (85% Cu, 9% Sn, 6% Zn) Bronze (75% Cu, 25% Sn) Bronze, Commercial, (90% Cu, 10% Al) at 27 C Bronze, Phosphor (87% Cu, 11% Sn) at 27 C Carbon steel, Plain carbon, (Mn 1%, Si 0.1%) at 27 C Carbon steel, AISI Carbon-Silicon Steel, (Mn 1%, 0.1% < Si 0.6%) at 27 C Carbon-Manganese-Silicon Steel (1% < Mn 1.65%, 0.1% < Si 0.6%) at 27 C Carbon Steel (Approximately 0.5%C) Carbon Steel (Approximately 1.0%C) W/mK = 0.86 kcal/m hr C 1 J/kg K = kacl/kg C

2 2 HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER DATA BOOK PROPERTY VALUES OF METALS AT 20 C OR AS INDICATED (Contd.) Density Thermal Diffusivity Specific Heat Thermal Conductivity Metal ρ α = k/ρc c k kg/m 3 m 2 /s J/kgK W/mK Carbon Steel, (Approximately 1.5% C) Cast iron (< 4% C) Chromium Steel (low) 1 2 Cr 1 4 Mo Si (0.18% C, 0.65% Cr, 0.23% Mo, 0.6% Si) at 27 C Chromium Steel (low) 1Cr 1 2 Mo, (0.16% C, 1% Cr, 0.54% Mo, 0.39% Si) at 27 C Chromium Steel (low) 1Cr V, (0.2% C, 1.02% Cr, 0.15% V) at 27 C Chrome Steel, (1% Cr) Chrome Steel, (5% Cr) Chrome Steel (20% Cr) Chrome-Nickel Steel (15% Cr, 10% Ni) Chrome-Nickel Steel (18% Cr, 8% Ni), (V2A) Chrome-Nickel Steel (20% Cr, 15% Ni) Chrome-Nickel Steel (25% Cr, 20% Ni) Constantan (60% Cu, 40% Ni) Copper, Pure German Silver (62% Cu, 15% Ni, 22% Zn) Invar (36% Ni) Inconel 750 (71% Ni, 15% Cr, 6.7% Fe) at 27 C Iron, Pure W/mK = 0.86 kcal/m hr C 1 J/kg K = kcal/kg C

3 HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER DATA BOOK 3 PROPERTY VALUES OF METALS AT 20 C OR AS INDICATED (Contd.) Thermal Specific Thermal Metal Density Diffusivity Heat Conductivity ρ α = k/ρc c k kg/m 3 m 2 /s J/kg K W/mK Lead Magnesium, Pure Mg-Al (Electrolytic) (6 8% Al, 1.2% Zn) Manganese Steel (5% Mn) Molybdenum Nickel ; Pure (99.9%) Nickel-Chrome (90% Ni, 10% Cr) Nicrome (80% Ni, 20% Cr) Nickel Steel (20% Ni) Nickel Steel (40% Ni) Nickel Steel ( 80% Ni) Platinum, Pure at 27 C Platinum-Rhodium alloy, (60% Pt, 40% Rh) at 27 C Silver, Purest Silver, Pure (99.9%) Silicon Steel (5% Si) Stainless Steels, AISI 302 at 27 C Stainless Steels, AISI 304 at 27 C Stainless Steel AISI 316 at 27 C Stainless Steel AISI 347 at 27 C Tin, Pure Tungsten Tungsten Steel, (1% W) Tungsten Steel, (5% W) Tungsten Steel, (10% W) Wrought Iron (C < 0.5%) Zinc, Pure W/mK = 0.86 kcal/m hr C 1 J/kg K = kcal/kg C

4 4 HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER DATA BOOK PROPERTY VALUES OF METALS AT 20 C OR AS INDICATED Thermal Specific Thermal Element Density Diffusivity Heat Conductivity ρ α = k/ρc c k kg/m 3 m 2 /s J/kg K W/mK Beryllium Bismuth at 27 C Boron Cadmium Chromium Cobalt Germanium at 27 C Gold Iridium Lithium Manganese Niobium at 27 C Palladium at 27 C Platinum Potassium Rhodium Sodium Silicon Thorium Titanium Tungsten at 27 C Uranium Vanadium Zirconium W/mK = 0.86 kcal/m hr C 1 J/kg K = kcal/kg C

5 HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER DATA BOOK 5 VARIATION OF THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY OF METALS WITH TEMPERATURE (W/mK) Temperature, C Metal Aluminium, pure Al-Cu Duralumin, 94-96% Al, % Cu Trace Mg. Al-Mg-Si, 97% Al, 1% Mg, 1% Si, 1% Mn Al-Si (Alusil) % Al, 20-22% Si Al-Si (Silumin, Cu bearing %, Al, 12.5% Si, 1% Cu) Brass, 70% Cu, 30% Zn Bronze, 66.4% Cu, 31.1% Zn, 2.3% Mn Chrome Steel, 1% Cr Chrome Steel, 5% Cr Chrome Steel, 20% Cr Chrome Nickel Steel, 18% Cr, 8% Ni (V2A) Constantan 60% Cu, 40% Ni Copper, Pure German Silver, 62% Cu, 15% Ni, 22% Zn Iron, Pure W/mK = 0.86 kcal/m hr C

6 6 HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER DATA BOOK VARIATION OF THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY OF METALS WITH TEMPERATURE (W/mK) (Contd.) Metal Temperature, C Lead Magnesium, Pure Mg-Al (Electrolytic) 6-8% Al, 1,2% Zn Molybdenum Nickel, Pure (99.9%) Nickel-chrome 90% Ni, 10% Cr Nickel-chrome 80% Ni, 20% Cr Red Brass, 85% Cu, 9% Sn, 6% Zn Silver, Pure (99.9%) Steel (Carbon Steel) Approx 0.5% C Approx 1.0% C Approx 1.5% C Tin, Pure Tungsten Uranium Wrought Iron C < 0.5% Zinc, Pure Zirconium Zirconium 97%, Tin 3% W/mK = 0.86 kcal/m hr C

7 HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER DATA BOOK 7 VARIATION OF THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY OF METALS WITH TEMPERATURE (W/mK) Element Temperature, C Beryllium Bismuth Boron Cadmium Chromium Cobalt Gold Iridium Niobium Palladium Platinum Rhodium Silicon Tantalum Titanium Uranium Vanadium Zirconium W/mK = 0.86 kcal/m hr C

8 8 HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER DATA BOOK VARIATION OF THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY OF METALS WITH TEMPERATURE 1 W/mK = 0.86 kcal/m hr C

9 HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER DATA BOOK 9 VARIATION OF THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY OF SOME ALLOYS WITH TEMPERATURE (W/mK) Alloy Temperature, C Aluminium alloy (4.5% Cu, 1.5% Mg, 0.6% Mn) Aluminium alloy 195, Cast, 4.5% Cu Commercial Bronze 90% Cu, 10% Al Phosphor Bronze (89% Cu, 11% Sn) ARMCO Iron Plain Carbon Steel (Mn 1%, Si 0.1%) AISI Carbon Silicon Steel (1% < Mn 1.65%, 0.1% < Si 0.6%) Carbon-Manganese-Silicon Steel (1% < Mn 1.65%, 0.1% < Si 0.6%) Low Chromium Steel ( 1 2 Cr 1 Mo Si) (0.18% C, 0.65% Cr, 0.21% Mo, 0.6% Si) -do- 1 Cr 1 Mo (0.16% C, 1% Cr, 0.54% Mo, 0.39% Si) -do- 1Cr V (0.2% C, 1.02% Cr, 0.15% V) Stainless Steels, AISI Stainless Steels AISI Stainless Steels AISI Stainless Steels AISI Nicrome (80% Ni, 20% Cr) Inconel X-750 (73% Ni, 15% Cr, rest Fe) Platinum Rhodium Alloy (60% Pt, 40% Rh) W/mK = 0.86 kcal/m hr C

10 10 HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER DATA BOOK THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY OF SOME COMMON MATERIALS AT 25 C, k = W/mK = kcal/hr m C Material k Material k Acetone 0.16 Foam Glass Acrylic 0.2 Gasoline 0.15 Alcohol 0.17 Glycerol 0.28 Aluminium 2024, temper Hard board high density 0.15 Aluminium 2024, temper T4 121 Hard woods (oak, maple) 0.16 Aluminium 5052, temper H Kapak insulation Aluminium 5052, temper O 144 Kovar (54% Fe, 29% Ni, 17% Co) 16.3 Aluminium 6061, temper O 144 Lime stone Aluminium 6061, temper T4 154 Magnesite 4.15 Aluminium 6061, temper T6 167 Mercury 8 Aluminium 775, temper T6 128 Methane Aluminium A356, temper T6 128 Methanol 0.21 Antimony 18.5 Monel 26 Argon Nylon Asbestos-cement board SAE 50, Oil 0.15 Asbestos-cement sheets Olive Oil 0.17 Asbestos-cement 2.07 Perlite, Atm. Pressure Asbestos loosely packed 0.15 Plywood 0.13 Asbestos mill board 0.14 Polyethylene HD Bitumin 0.17 Polypropylene Benzene 0.18 PTFE 0.25 Brick-dense 1.31 PVC 0.19 Brick work 0.69 Rock solid 2 7 Clay Dry to Moist Rock porous, volcanic, (Tuff) Clay saturated Sand stone 1.7 Corian (ceramic filled) 1.06 Silica aerogel 0.02 Cork 0.07 Silicone oil 0.1 Cotton 0.03 Snow (<0 C) Cotton wool insulation Solder soft (95% Pb, 5% Sn) 32.3 Diatomaceous earth (Si-o-cel) 0.06 Solder hard (80% Au, 20% Sn) 57 Ether 0.14 Straw insulation 0.09 Epoxy 0.36 Tissue, human skin, at 27 C 0.37 Fiber glass 0.04 Fat layer, at 27 C 0.2 Muscle, at 27 C 0.41 Urithane foam Vinyl ether 0.25

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