ΜΟΡΙΑΚΟ ΒΑΡΟΣ ΟΡΥΚΤΟΥ (MB)

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Κορνήλιος Λαμπρόπουλος
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1 ΜΟΡΙΑΚΟ ΒΑΡΟΣ ΟΡΥΚΤΟΥ (MB) Oρυκτό: A x B y C z A x B y C z (MB) = x*a (AB) + y*b (AB) + z*c (AB) Κοβελλίνης (Cv): CuS Ατομικά βάρη: Cu=64, S=32 Cv (ΜΒ) = Cu (AB) + S (AB) = = 96 Χαλκοπυρίτης (Cp): CuFeS 2 Ατομικά βάρη: Cu=64, Fe=56, S=32 Cp (ΜΒ) = Cu (AB) + Fe (AB) + 2*S (AB) = *32 = 184

2 ΚΑΤΑ ΒΑΡΟΣ ΑΝΑΛΟΓΙΑ % (%κ.β. ή %wt) Oρυκτό: A x B y C z A x B y C z (MB) = x*a (AB) + y*b (AB) + z*c (AB) Α (%κβ) = [x*a (AB) / A x B y C z (MB) ] * 100 Β (%κβ) = [y*β (AB) / A x B y C z (MB) ] * 100 C (%κβ) = [z*c (AB) / A x B y C z (MB) ] * 100 1) Κοβελλίνης (Cv): CuS Cv (ΜΒ) = Cu (AB) + S (AB) = 96 Cu (%κβ) = Cu (AB) /Cv (MB) *100 = 64/96*100 = 66,7% S (%κβ) = S (AB) /Cv (MB)* 100 = 32/96*100 = 33,3% 2) Χαλκοπυρίτης (Cp): CuFeS 2 Cp (ΜΒ) = Cu (AB) + Fe (AB) + 2*S (AB) = 184 Cu (%κβ) = Cu (AB) /Cp (ΜΒ) *100 = 64/184*100 = 34,8% Fe (%κβ) = Fe (AB) /Cp (ΜΒ) *100 = 56/184*100 = 30,4% S (%κβ) = 2 S (AB) /Cp (ΜΒ)* 100 = 2 32/184*100 = 34,8%

3 ATOMIKH ΑΝΑΛΟΓΙΑ % (%mol) Oρυκτό: A x B y C z Α (%mol) = x / (x+y+z) * 100 B (%mol) = y / (x+y+z) * 100 C (%mol) = z / (x+y+z) * 100 1) Κοβελλίνης (Cv): CuS Ο Cv έχει 1+1 = 2 άτομα Cu (%mol) = 1/2*100 = 50% S (%mol) = 1/2*100 = 50% 2) Χαλκοπυρίτης (Cp): CuFeS 2 Ο Cp έχει = 4 άτομα Cu (%mol) = 1/4*100 = 25% Fe (%mol) = 1/4*100 = 25% S (%mol) = 2/4*100 = 50%

4 ΜΕΤΑΤΡΟΠΗ ΧΗΜΙΚΟΥ ΤΥΠΟΥ ΟΡΥΚΤΟΥ ΣΕ ΟΞΕΙ ΙΑ (όταν το μόνο αρνητικό στοιχείο είναι το οξυγόνο) 1) Ενστατίτης (En): MgSiO 3 Οξείδια: MgO, SiO 2 MgSiO 3 = MgO SiO 2 Έλεγχος με τα οξυγόνα: 3 = ) Φορστερίτης (Fo): Mg 2 SiO 4 Οξείδια: MgO, SiO 2 Mg 2 SiO 4 = 2 MgO SiO 2 Έλεγχος με τα οξυγόνα: 4 = ) ιοψίδιος (Di): CaMgSi 2 O 6 Οξείδια: CaO, MgO, SiO 2 CaMgSi 2 O 6 = CaO MgO 2 SiO 2 Έλεγχος με τα οξυγόνα: 6 = *2 4) Βιοτίτης (Bt): KMg 3 AlSi 3 O 10 (OH) 2 Οξείδια: Κ 2 Ο, MgO, Al 2 O 3, SiO 2, H 2 O 2 KMg 3 AlSi 3 O 10 (OH) 2 = Κ 2 Ο 6 MgO Al 2 O 3 6 SiO 2 2 H 2 O Έλεγχος με τα οξυγόνα: 2*10 + 2*2 = 24 = *6 + 2

5 ΜΟΡΙΑΚΗ ΑΝΑΛΟΓΙΑ ΟΞΕΙ ΙΩΝ % (%mol οξειδίων) 1) Ενστατίτης (En): MgSiO 3 MgSiO 3 = MgO SiO 2 Ο En έχει 1+1 = 2 μόρια MgO (%mol) = 1/2*100 = 50% SiO 2 (%mol) = 1/2*100 = 50% 2) Φορστερίτης (Fo): Mg 2 SiO 4 Mg 2 SiO 4 = 2 MgO SiO 2 Ο Fo έχει 2+1 = 3 μόρια MgO (%mol) = 2/3*100 = 66,7% SiO 2 (%mol) = 1/3*100 = 33,3% 3) ιοψίδιος (Di): CaMgSi 2 O 6 CaMgSi 2 O 6 = CaO MgO 2 SiO 2 Ο Di έχει = 4 μόρια CaO (%mol) = 1/4*100 = 25% MgO (%mol) = 1/4*100 = 25% SiO 2 (%mol) = 2/4*100 = 50% 4) Βιοτίτης (Bt): KMg 3 AlSi 3 O 10 (OH) 2 2 KMg 3 AlSi 3 O 10 (OH) 2 = Κ 2 Ο 6 MgO Al 2 O 3 6 SiO 2 2 H 2 O Ο Bt έχει = 16 μόρια K 2 O (%mol) = 1/16*100 = 6,25% MgO (%mol) = 6/16*100 = 37,50% Al 2 O 3(%mol) = 1/16*100 = 6,25% SiO 2 (%mol) = 6/16*100 = 37,50% H 2 O (%mol) = 2/16*100 = 12,50%

6 Μοριακά βάρη οξειδίων: SiO 2 = 60 Al 2 O 3 = 102 MgO = 40 CaO = 56 K 2 O = 94 H 2 O = 18 ΚΑΤΑ ΒΑΡΟΣ ΑΝΑΛΟΓΙΑ ΟΞΕΙ ΙΩΝ % (%κ.β. ή %wt οξειδίων) 1) Ενστατίτης (En): MgSiO 3 MgSiO 3 = MgO SiO 2 Μοριακό βάρος En = = 100 MgO (%κβ) = MgO (MB) /En (MB) *100 = 40/100*100 = 40% SiO 2(%κβ) = SiO 2(MB) /En (MB) *100 = 60/100*100 = 60% 2) Φορστερίτης (Fo): Mg 2 SiO 4 Mg 2 SiO 4 = 2 MgO SiO 2 Μοριακό βάρος Fo = 2* = 140 MgO (%κβ) = 2*MgO (MB) /Fo (MB) *100 = 80/140*100 = 57,1% SiO 2(%κβ) = SiO 2(MB) /Fo (MB) *100 = 60/140*100 = 42,9% 3) ιοψίδιος (Di): CaMgSi 2 O 6 CaMgSi 2 O 6 = CaO MgO 2 SiO 2 Μοριακό βάρος Di = *60 = 216 CaO (%κβ) = CaO (MB) /Di (MB) *100 = 56/216*100 = 25,9% MgO (%κβ) = MgO (MB) /Di (MB) *100 = 40/216*100 = 18,5% SiO 2(%κβ) = 2*SiO 2(MB) /Di (MB) *100 = 120/216*100 = 55,6% 4) Βιοτίτης (Bt): KMg 3 AlSi 3 O 10 (OH) 2 2 KMg 3 AlSi 3 O 10 (OH) 2 = Κ 2 Ο 6 MgO Al 2 O 3 6 SiO 2 2 H 2 O Μοριακό βάρος Bt = * *60 + 2*18 = 832 K 2 O (%mol) = K 2 O (MB) /Bt (MB) *100 = 94/832*100 = 11,3% MgO (%mol) = 6*MgO (MB) /Bt (MB) *100 = 240/832*100 = 28,8% Al 2 O 3(%mol) = Al 2 O 3(MB) /Bt (MB) *100 = 102/832*100 = 12,3% SiO 2 (%mol) = 6*SiO 2(MB) /Bt (MB) *100 = 360/832*100 = 43,3% H 2 O (%mol) = 2*H 2 O (MB) /Bt (MB) *100 = 36/832*100 = 4,3%

7 Standard atomic weights (IUPAC 2007) List of Elements in Atomic Number Order List of Elements in Symbol Order AW AW At No Symbol Name Atomic Wt round At No Symbol Name Atomic Wt round 1 H Hydrogen 1, Ac Actinium [227] [227] 2 He Helium 4, Ag Silver 107, Li Lithium 6, Al Aluminium 26, Be Beryllium 9, Am Americium [243] [243] 5 B Boron 10, Ar Argon 39, C Carbon 12, As Arsenic 74, N Nitrogen 14, At Astatine [210] [210] 8 O Oxygen 15, Au Gold 196, F Fluorine 18, B Boron 10, Ne Neon 20, Ba Barium 137, Na Sodium 22, Be Beryllium 9, Mg Magnesium 24, Bh Bohrium [270] [270] 13 Al Aluminium 26, Bi Bismuth 208, Si Silicon 28, Bk Berkelium [247] [247] 15 P Phosphorus 30, Br Bromine 79, S Sulfur 32, C Carbon 12, Cl Chlorine 35, Ca Calcium 40, Ar Argon 39, Cd Cadmium 112, K Potassium 39, Ce Cerium 140, Ca Calcium 40, Cf Californium [251] [251] 21 Sc Scandium 44, Cl Chlorine 35, Ti Titanium 47, Cm Curium [247] [247] 23 V Vanadium 50, Cn Copernicium [285] [285] 24 Cr Chromium 51, Co Cobalt 58, Mn Manganese 54, Cr Chromium 51, Fe Iron 55, Cs Caesium 132, Co Cobalt 58, Cu Copper 63, Ni Nickel 58, Db Dubnium [268] [268] 29 Cu Copper 63, Ds Darmstadtium [281] [281] 30 Zn Zinc 65, Dy Dysprosium 162, Ga Gallium 69, Er Erbium 167, Ge Germanium 72, Es Einsteinium [252] [252] 33 As Arsenic 74, Eu Europium 151, Se Selenium 78, F Fluorine 18, Br Bromine 79, Fe Iron 55, Kr Krypton 83, Fl Flerovium [289] [289] 37 Rb Rubidium 85, Fm Fermium [257] [257] 38 Sr Strontium 87, Fr Francium [223] [223] 39 Y Yttrium 88, Ga Gallium 69, Zr Zirconium 91, Gd Gadolinium 157, Nb Niobium 92, Ge Germanium 72, Mo Molybdenum 95, H Hydrogen 1, Tc Technetium [98] [98] 2 He Helium 4, Ru Ruthenium 101, Hf Hafnium 178, Rh Rhodium 102, Hg Mercury 200, Pd Palladium 106, Ho Holmium 164, Ag Silver 107, Hs Hassium [277] [277] 48 Cd Cadmium 112, I Iodine 126, In Indium 114, In Indium 114, Sn Tin 118, Ir Iridium 192, Sb Antimony 121, K Potassium 39, Te Tellurium 127, Kr Krypton 83, I Iodine 126, La Lanthanum 138, Xe Xenon 131, Li Lithium 6, Cs Caesium 132, Lr Lawrencium [262] [262] 56 Ba Barium 137, Lu Lutetium 174,

8 At No Symbol Name Atomic Wt round At No Symbol Name Atomic Wt round 57 La Lanthanum 138, Lv Livermorium [293] [293] 58 Ce Cerium 140, Md Mendelevium [258] [258] 59 Pr Praseodymium 140, Mg Magnesium 24, Nd Neodymium 144, Mn Manganese 54, Pm Promethium [145] [145] 42 Mo Molybdenum 95, Sm Samarium 150, Mt Meitnerium [276] [276] 63 Eu Europium 151, N Nitrogen 14, Gd Gadolinium i 157, Na Sodium 22, Tb Terbium 158, Nb Niobium 92, Dy Dysprosium 162, Nd Neodymium 144, Ho Holmium 164, Ne Neon 20, Er Erbium 167, Ni Nickel 58, Tm Thulium 168, No Nobelium [259] [259] 70 Yb Ytterbium 173, Np Neptunium [237] [237] 71 Lu Lutetium 174, O Oxygen 15, Hf Hafnium 178, Os Osmium 190, Ta Tantalum 180, P Phosphorus 30, W Tungsten 183, Pa Protactinium 231, Re Rhenium 186, Pb Lead 207, Os Osmium 190, Pd Palladium 106, Ir Iridium 192, Pm Promethium [145] [145] 78 Pt Platinum 195, Po Polonium [209] [209] 79 Au Gold 196, Pr Praseodymium 140, Hg Mercury 200, Pt Platinum 195, Tl Thallium 204, Pu Plutonium [244] [244] 82 Pb Lead 207, Ra Radium [226] [226] 83 Bi Bismuth 208, Rb Rubidium 85, Po Polonium [209] [209] 75 Re Rhenium 186, At Astatine [210] [210] 104 Rf Rutherfordium [265] [265] 86 Rn Radon [222] [222] 111 Rg Roentgenium [280] [280] 87 Fr Francium [223] [223] 45 Rh Rhodium 102, Ra Radium [226] [226] 86 Rn Radon [222] [222] 89 Ac Actinium [227] [227] 44 Ru Ruthenium 101, Th Thorium 232, S Sulfur 32, Pa Protactinium 231, Sb Antimony 121, U Uranium 238, Sc Scandium 44, Np Neptunium [237] [237] 34 Se Selenium 78, Pu Plutonium [244] [244] 106 Sg Seaborgium [271] [271] 95 Am Americium [243] [243] 14 Si Silicon 28, Cm Curium [247] [247] 62 Sm Samarium 150, Bk Berkelium [247] [247] 50 Sn Tin 118, Cf Californium [251] [251] 38 Sr Strontium 87, Es Einsteinium [252] [252] 73 Ta Tantalum 180, Fm Fermium [257] [257] 65 Tb Terbium 158, Md Mendelevium [258] [258] 43 Tc Technetium [98] [98] 102 No Nobelium [259] [259] 52 Te Tellurium 127, Lr Lawrencium [262] [262] 90 Th Thorium 232, Rf Rutherfordium [265] [265] 22 Ti Titanium 47, Db Dubnium [268] [268] 81 Tl Thallium 204, Sg Seaborgium [271] [271] 69 Tm Thulium 168, Bh Bohrium [270] [270] 92 U Uranium 238, Hs Hassium [277] [277] 118 Uuo Ununoctium [294] [294] 109 Mt Meitnerium [276] [276] 115 Uup Ununpentium [288] [288] 110 Ds Darmstadtium [281] [281] 117 Uus Ununseptium [294] [294] 111 Rg Roentgenium [280] [280] 113 Uut Ununtrium [284] [284] 112 Cn Copernicium [285] [285] 23 V Vanadium 50, Uut Ununtrium [284] [284] 74 W Tungsten 183, Fl Flerovium [289] [289] 54 Xe Xenon 131, Uup Ununpentium [288] [288] 39 Y Yttrium 88, Lv Livermorium [293] [293] 70 Yb Ytterbium 173, Uus Ununseptium [294] [294] 30 Zn Zinc 65, Uuo Ununoctium [294] [294] 40 Zr Zirconium 91,224 91

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