Development and Application of the Flame Retardants for Plastic

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1 Mar CHEMICAL INDUSTRY AND ENGINEERING 25 2 Vol. 25 No. 2 : (2008) ,,, (,, ) :,, :;; ;; : TQ :A Development and Application of the Flame Retardants for Plastic J I Wei, WANGJian, DONG Qun, ZHANG Xue2jia (Chemistry and Chemical Engineering College, Daqing Petroleum Institute, Daqing , Heilongjiang Province, China) Abstract : The mechanism and process of plastic burning were introduced and the basic theory and the category of flame retardants were summarized, especially the application in plastic was discussed. At last, the developing tendency of the flame retardants were prospected. Key words :plastic ; burning ; flame retardant ; application ; developing tendency,,,, [1 ], 1 111,2, 2, HO O,,, HO O [2 ] :1), HO O 2), (LOI, ) LOI, LOI 22 25, ;LOI 26 ; LOI [3 ] ; : : ( ),,, :,: (0459) ,E2mail com

2 %( ) 22 %( 2 ) Π [4 ] 4 [5 ] 1) :,,,,, Π ;2) :,, ;3) : O OH,,, ;4) :,,,,,,, 2,65 % 70 %, 20 %,5 %,3 %,2 % [6 ] ABS 211 ( PVC) PVC 5618 % ( ), PVC (DOP) PVC,,,, [4 ] PVC, PVC, 212, (PP) ( PE) ( PS) (PMMA) [3 ],,,, PE PE PP,200,, 200, ;, ;, PP PE,, 1,22 ( ) ( ETPB) PP PE [4 ],, (1),,,,, [3 ] Lancaster Ebdon [7 ], (St) (MMA),,LOI,,,LOI, Gentilhomme [8 ] CH 2 C(CH 3 ) C(O) OCH(R) P(O) (OC 2 H 5 ) 2 MMA,R H C 6 H 4 Br C 10 H 7,,,PMMA,, Banks [9 ] CH 2 CHP(O) (OC 2 H 5 ) 2, St MMA (AN) (AM), TGA LOI, LOI, TGA, AM AN,

3 25 2 : [10 ] PP, NH 2 P2N,, PP,PP LOI, 213 ( PS) ABS PS, PS,, (2,32 ) ( ) ; A, ;,, PS,,,,PS, PS [4 ] ABS 3 ABS ABS LOI ,,,, 1 ABS, ABS [11 ] ABS [12 ] :1),, ;2), PVC,CPE ;3), ABS Suzuki [13 ],, Wang Zhitao [14,15 ] Friedel2Crafts (DPP),, 214,,,,,,,,, Asrar Mo [16 ] TPA EG 22 (CEPP)

4 PET2co2CEPP Zhao [17 ] TPA EG DDP PET2co2DDP,, E a : PET2co2 DDP < PET < PET2co2CEPP,, , 52 % 58 %,,,,, (ATH) ATH ATH,,,,, ATH, ATH [18 ],, ATH Soler Hyfex m ATH ; Eerozcn Halofree ATH Mg (OH) 2 ; ; Sb 2 O 5, m,; NI Oncar23A Sb 2 O 3 SbO 2 ; Anzcn American FFR22, PVC 50 % [4 ] 312, :,, Ferro PB268,, , 68 % (, ) ; Ameribron FR21025, , 68 % [19 ] ; BC252 BC258 A, 3 000,,,,,, CR2720, 10 %( ), [4 ] 313, [20 ],LOI 34 36,,,, 10 % ( ) 20 % AKIO Fyrolflex RDP, (300 ), PVC ABS ; Albright2Wilson ; Amgard NL ph, [4 ] 314, Borox,Firebrake

5 25 2 : 181, Firebrake 415,,PVC Firebrake500,, Li [21 ], Mg (OH) 2 ( EVA), 100, ( ) EVA 120 Mg (OH) 2,10, LOI 45 ;Mouzheng Fu [22 ],,, Mg(OH) 2 ΠSiO 2 EVA, m ( EVA) m (MH) m (SiO 2 ) = ,,, UL94V20,,, 315,, Chen Yang [23 ] N 3 P 3 [OC 6 H 4 OP(O) (OC 2 H 5 ) 2 ] 3 [OC 6 H 4 OH] 3 ( EPPI),,,EPPI,,,LOI EPPI, Funda [24 ] 2 (NH 2 C 6 H 4 O) 2 P(O) C 6 H 5 ) (BAPPO), BAPPO 2,,,LOI 27 4,,,,,,,,,, : [ 1 ] IRVINE D J, MCCLUSKEY J A, ROBINSON I M. Fire hazards and some common polymers [ J ]. Polymer Degradation and Stability, 2000, 67 : [ 2 ]. [M]. :, [ 3 ],,,. [J ]., 2005(6) : [ 4 ]. [M]. :, [ 5 ],,. [J ]., 2005, 34(1) :1-4. [ 6 ],. [J ]., 2004, 2 : [ 7 ] EBDON J R, PRICE D, HUNT B J, et al. Flame retardance in some polystyrenes and poly ( methyl methacrylate) s with covalently bound phosphorus2containing

6 groups: Initial screening experiments and some laser pyrolysis mechanistic studies [J ]. Polymer Degradation and Stability, 2000, 69 : [ 8 ] GENTILHOMME A, COCHEZ M, FERRIOL M, et al. Thermal degradation of methyl methacrylate polymers functionalized by phosphorus2containing molecules2ii: Initial flame retardance and mechanistic studies [ J ]. Polymer Degradation and Stability, 2003, 82 : [ 9 ] BANKS M, EBDON J R, J HONSON M. The flame2 retardant effect of diethyl vinyl phosphonate in copolymers with styrene, methyl methacrylate, acrylonitrile and acrylamide[j ]. Polymer, 1994, 35(16) : [10 ],,,. [J ]., 2001, 29(5) : [11 ]. [M]. :, [12 ]. [M]. :, [13 ] SUZUKI M, WILKIE C A. The thermal degradation of crylonitrilebutadiene2styrene terpolymer grafted with methacrylic acid [ J ]. Polymer Degradation and Stability, 1995, 47 : [14 ] WANG Z T, J IANG D D, MCKINNEY M A, et al. Crosslinking of polystyrene by Friedel2Crafts chemistry to improve thermal stability [ J ]. Polymer Degradation and Stability, 1999, 64 : [15 ] WANG Z T, J IANGD D, MCKINNEYM A, et al. Further studies on fire retardant polystyrene by Friedel2Crafts chemistry[j ]. Polymer Degradation and Stability, 1999,66 : [16 ] ASRAR, JAWED. Flame retardant polyester copolymers : US, [ P] [17 ] ZHAO H, WANG Y Z, WANG D Y, et al. Kinetics of thermal degradation of flame retardant copolyesters containing phosphorus linked pendent groups [ J ]. Polymer Degradation and Stability, 2003, 80 : [18 ] CHEN YW, YUAN C Y, LI C H, et al. Preparation and characterization of novel flame retardant ( aliphatic phosphate ) cyclotriphosphazene2containing polyurethanes [J ]. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 2003, 90 : [19 ] FUNDA, OSMAN, LEYLA, et al. Synthesis and characterization of water2dispersed flame2retardant polyurethane resin using phosphorus2containing chain extender [ J ]. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 2004, 91 : [20 ],,. [J ]., 2002, 22(2) : [21 ],. [J ]., 2006, 9(2) : [22 ],,. [J ]., 2006, 34 : [23 ] LI Zhen2zhong, QU Bao2jun. Flammability characterization and synergistic effects of expandable graphite with magnesium hydroxide in halogen2free flame2retardant EVA blends[j ]. Polymer Degradation and Stability, 2003, (81) : [24 ] FU Mou2zheng, QU Bao2jun. Synergistic flame retardant mechanism of fumed silica in ethylene2vinyl acetateπ magnesium hydroxide blends [J ]. Polymer Degradation and Stability, 2004, (85) :

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