: Rydberg,, PACS: Ee, q. . Gallgher [14,15] Rb Rydberg van. . Raithel [16,17] Rb Rydberg. condenstate(bec) [3 5], Rydberg

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1 70S Cs Rydberg * (,,, ) ( ; ) 70S Cs Rydberg, Rydberg, Rydberg, 70S Cs Rydberg, : Rydberg,, PACS: Ee, q 1, [1], [2] Bose-Einstein condenstate(bec) [3 5], Rydberg Rydberg n.,, Rydberg, n = 100, E 6.5 GHz,,, Rydberg, [6],, Rydberg - van der Waals blockade [7 11]. Rydberg, Rydberg [12,13], Rydberg Rydberg van der Waals Gallgher [14,15] Rb Rydberg Raithel [16,17] Rb Rydberg van der Waals, Pillet [11] Cs Rydberg blockade. Rydberg,, Penning. Weidemüller [18] Rb Rydberg,,, [19] Rydberg,. [20] Cs 40D Rydberg,, Cs Rydberg 40D 70S Cs Rydberg Rydberg, * ( : , , , ) zhaojm@sxu.edu.cn c 2012 Chinese Physical Society

2 /arb.units Acta Phys. Sin. Vol. 61, No. 4 (2012) ,, 70S Cs Rydberg, 2 (MOT) 100µK Cs, ( CCD, ), 0.7 mm, cm 3, [21]. Rydberg, 852 nm, 6S 1/2 (F = 4) 6P 3/2 (F = 5), (TA-SHG110) 6P 3/2 (F = 5) 70S. 2 MHz, nm cm 1 WSU-30 (ANGSTROM) (AOM),, 145µm, 53 mw. 15 mm,, Rydberg, (MCP),, (Boxcar),. (DG535,SRS) 3 Rydberg ns ns [22] V ss = C 6 R 6 C 8 R 8 C 10 R 10, (1) R, C 6, C 8, C 10, ns ns,, 6P 70S, 3µs Rydberg, MCP Rydberg, Rydberg 1 70S 1µs( ) 10µs( ) TOF, 5µs 1, 1µs,, 10µs,, Rydberg Rydberg /arb.units /arb.units ms ms /ms 1 1µs( ) 10µs( ) TOF /MHz 2 70S Rydberg ( ) ( ) 1µs, t = 18µs. 70S Rydberg 0 Boxcar Rydberg, 2 1µs, 18µs (

3 ) 70S Rydberg ( ), 70S Rydberg S Rydberg,, Rydberg,, Rydberg, [22].,, Penning, [18].,, Amthor [19] Rb Rydberg, Rydberg, ns Rydberg n p, ns+n p,, Penning., Rydberg,,, Rydberg., Rydberg, Rydberg, 3. 70S Rydberg /arb.units /ms 3 70S Rydberg ( ) ( ) 3,, S /arb.units P, SP, Penning.,, S P,, 1), [23] R bb PI = ω 2 σ PI (n, l, ω) dω, (2) ω nl π 2 c 2 ( e ω/(kt) 1) ω nl = 1/(2n ), k, c, (2), : ( ) RPI bb C 10770l2 lt + n 7/3 n ( 11/3 ) 1 ln ( 1 exp ) s 1, (3) Tn 2, C l C s = C p = 0.2, T,, T = 300 K, (3) 70S 98 s 1. 70S Rydberg /arb.units /ms 4 70S Rydberg 2),, T BBR [24] T BBR = n 5 eff exp(315780/n 3 eff T) ), (4) 1(s 1 T, n eff 70S 4143 s 1,,

4 70S, Penning,, 1µs,,, 70S Rydberg, 4.,, Rydberg, Rydberg,, Rydberg,,,. Rydberg [25,26], [27]. 4 70S Cs Rydberg Rydberg, Rydberg van der Waals,. Rydberg,, Rydberg. Rydberg [1] Zhao Y Q, Liu L, Liu C L, Xue P, Wang J G 2009 Acta Phys. Sin (in Chinese) [,,,, ] [2] Zhang Y C, Wu J Z, Ma J, Zhao Y T, Wang L R, Xiao L T, Jia S T 2010 Acta Phys. Sin ( in Chinese) [,,,,,, ] [3] Qi R, Yu X L, Li Z B, Liu W M 2009 Phys. Rev. Lett [4] Liang Z X, Zhang Z D, Liu W M 2005 Phys. Rev. Lett [5] Liu W M, Wu B, Niu Q 2000 Phys. Rev. Lett [6] Gallagher T F 1994 Rydberg Atoms (Cambridge University Press) p5 [7] Anderson W R, Veale J R, Gallagher T F 1998 Phys. Rev. Lett [8] Mourachko I, Comparat D, Tomasi F D, Fioretti A Nosbaum P Akulin V M, Pillet P 1998 Phys. Rev. Lett [9] Singer K, Reetz-Lamour M, Amthor T, Marcassa L, Weidemüller M 2004 Phys. Rev. Lett [10] Tong D, Farooqi S, Stanojevic J, Zhang Y, Côté R, Eyler E, Gould P 2004 Phys. Rev. Lett [11] Vogt T, Viteau M, Zhao J M, Choteau A, Compared D, Pillet P 2006 Phys. Rev. Lett [12] Lukin M D, Fleischhauer M, Côté R, Duan L M, Jaksch D, Cirac J I, Zoller P 2001 Phys. Rev. Lett [13] Jaksch D, Cirac J I, Zoller P, Rolston S L, Côté R, Lukin M D 2000 Phys. Rev. Lett [14] Li W, Tanner P J, Gallagher T F 2005 Phys. Rev. Lett [15] Han J, Gallagher T F 2009 Phy. Rev. A [16] Reinhard A, Liebisch T C, Younge K C, Berman P R, Raithel G 2008 Phys. Rev. Lett [17] Reinhard A, Liebisch T C, Knuffman B, Raithel G 2007 Phys. Rev. A [18] Amthor T, Reetz-Lamour M, Westermann S, Denskat J, Weidemüller M 2007 Phys. Rev. Lett [19] Amthor T, Reetz-Lzmour M, Giese C, Weidemüller M 2007 Phys. Rev. A [20] Zhang L J, Feng Z G, Zhao J M, Li C Y, Jia S T 2001 Optics Express [21] Zhang L J, Feng Z G, Li A L, Zhao J M, Li C Y, Jia S T 2008 Chin. Phys. Lett ; Zhu X B, Zhang H, Feng Z G, Zhang L J, Zhao J M, Jia S T 2010 Acta Phys. Sin ( in Chinese)[,,,,,, ] [22] Singer K, Stanojevic J, Weidemüller M, Côté R 2005 J. Phys. B 38 S295 [23] Beterov I I, Tretyakov D B, Ryabtsev I I 2007 Phys. Rev. A [24] Beterov I I, Ryabtsev I I, Tretyakov D B, Entin V M 2009 Phys. Rev. A [25] Urban E, Johnson T A, Henage T, Isenhower T, Yavuz D D, Walker T G, Saffman M 2009 Nature Physics [26] Gaëtan A, Miroshnychenko Y, Wilk T, Chotia A, Viteau M, Comparat D, Pillet P, Browaeys A, Grangier P 2009 Nature Physics [27] Isenhower L, Urban E, Zhang X L, Gill A T, Henage T, Johnson T A, Walker T G, Saffman M 2010 Phys. Rev. Lett

5 Evolution of ultracold 70S Cs Rydberg atom Che Jun-Ling Zhang Hao Feng Zhi-Gang Zhang Lin-Jie Zhao Jian-Ming Jia Suo-Tang ( State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Laser Spectroscopy Laboratory, College of Physics and Electronics Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan , China ) ( Received 11 April 2011; revised manuscript received 6 May 2011 ) Abstract Ultracold 70S Cs Rydberg atoms are obtained by two-photon excitation in a magneto-optical trap, and detected by using the state-selective pulse field ionization technique. The evolution of 70S Rydberg atoms is investigated by changing the delay time between excitation laser and ionization electric field and the excitation duration. Blackbody radiation is taken into account to explain experimental result. The experimental result is found to be consistent with theoretical value. Keywords: Rydberg atom, interaction, dynamical evolution PACS: Ee, q * Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos , , , ). zhaojm@sxu.edu.cn