Final Environmental Impact Assessment Analysis of an Agroindustrial Waste Treatment Plant

Transcript

1 LIFE08 ENV/GR/ INTEGRASTE «Development of integrated agroindustrial waste management politics maximizing materials recovery and energy exploitation» Final Environmental Impact Assessment Analysis of an Agroindustrial Waste Treatment Plant Author: Dr. Aikaterini Vavouraki Scientific Responsible for the project : Assist. Professor Michael Kornaros Responsible Partner: University of Patras PATRAS, SEPTEMBER, 2013

2 LIFE08 ENV/GR/ INTEGRASTE «Development of integrated agroindustrial waste management politics maximizing materials recovery and energy exploitation» Τελική μελέτη εκτίμησης περιβαλλοντικών επιπτώσεων μονάδας επεξεργασίας αγροτοκτηνοτροφικών αποβλήτων Συντάκτης: Δρ. Αικατερίνη Βαβουράκη Επιστημονικός Υπεύθυνος Εργου : Επίκ. Καθηγητής Μιχάλης Κορνάρος Υπεύθυνος δικαιούχος: Πανεπιστήμιο Πατρών ΠΑΤΡΑ, ΣΕΠΤΕΜΒΡΙΟΣ, 2013

3 LIFE PROJECT NAME INTEGRASTE Project location Data Project Patras, Greece Project start date: 01/01/2010 Project end date: 30/09/2013 Total Project duration (in months) 45 months Total budget Eligible EC contribution: (%) of total costs 47 (%) of eligible costs 50 Name Beneficiary Data Beneficiary University of Patras Contact person Dr. Michael Kornaros Postal address 1 Karatheodori Str., 26500, Patras, GR Visit address 1 Karatheodori Str., 26500, Patras, GR Telephone Fax: Project Website kornaros@chemeng.upatras.gr

4 CONTENTS LIST OF TABLES... 5 LIST OF FIGURES... 6 ABSTRACT... 7 ΠΕΡΙΛΗΨΗ INTRODUCTION METHODOLOGY GOAL AND SCOPE GATE-TO-GATE LCA LIFE CYCLE INVENTORY ANALYSIS (LCI) LIFE CYCLE IMPACT ASSESSMENT (LCIA) Overview of results for 100% LCM (scenario 1) Overview of results for 95% PSS_5%LCM (scenario 2) Overview of results for 55% PSS_40% CW_5%LCM (scenario 3) Overview of results for 55% OMW_40% CW_5%LCM (scenario 4) Comparison of the four different scenarios CONCLUSIONS...39 REFERENCES...40 ANNEX I...41

5 LIST OF TABLES Table 1: Feedstocks considered for LCA analysis Table 2: Physicochemical characteristics of the influent and effluent feedstocks at the stages of acidogenesis and methanogenesis and biogas yields Table 3: Analysis of electricity production in Greece (ref. to year 2012) Table 4: Energetic needs of the main equipment used for the treatment of 1 tn of raw material in the four main scenarios Table 5: Weighting impact categories in the 100% LCM scenario (ReCiPe Endpoint (E) V1.03 / Europe ReCiPe E/A) Table 6: Weighting impact categories in 95% PSS_5% LCM scenario (ReCiPe Endpoint (E) V1.03 / Europe ReCiPe E/A) Table 7: Weighting impact categories in 55% PSS_40% CW_5% LCM scenario (ReCiPe Endpoint (E) V1.03 / Europe ReCiPe E/A) Table 8: Weighting impact categories in 55% OMW_40% CW_5% LCM scenario (ReCiPe Endpoint (E) V1.03 / Europe ReCiPe E/A) Table 9: Weighting impact categories for the four scenarios (ReCiPe Endpoint (E) V1.03 / Europe ReCiPe E/A)... 38

6 LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1: Stages contained within an LCA (McManus, 2012) Figure 2: System boundaries for an anaerobic co-digestion plant utilizing agroindustrial wastes as feedstock for biogas and compost production Figure 3: Characterized data for the 100% LCM process Figure 4: Normalized data for the 100% LCM process Figure 5: Characterized data for the 95% PSS_5% LCM process Figure 6: Normalized data for the 95% PSS_5% LCM process Figure 7: Characterized data for the 55% PSS_40% CW_5% LCM process Figure 8: Normalized data for the 55% PSS_40% CW_5% LCM process Figure 9: Characterized data for the 55% OMW_40% CW_5% LCM process Figure 10: Normalized data for the 55% OMW_40% CW_5% LCM process Figure 11: Comparative characterized data for the four scenarios examined in this study Figure 12: Comparative normalized results for the four scenarios examined in this study... 37

7 Final Environmental Impact Assessment Analysis ABSTRACT In this action, University of Patras conducted a systematic study of the environmental impacts of the proposed process. The objective of this study was to generate information on the environmental life cycle of the process developed within the framework of INTEGRASTE project using the existing approaches of LCA methodology. In more detail, the ecological performance and environmental impacts of the production process for electrical and thermal outputs, were estimated in the aim to assess their present environmental status and thus enable future improvements. SimaPro 7.3 software was used to quantify the environmental impacts associated with the reported materials use and emissions. Impact data were calculated using as functional unit 1 tn of raw biomass material entering the plant. The study investigated the potential environmental impact of anaerobic digestion processes with four different scenarios of agricultural substrate mixtures. As a full industrial-scale process has not yet been established this gate-togate LCA was mainly based on data obtained from the pilot plant tests. To compile the LCI, a series of process assumptions has been made and calculations were carried out mainly based on electrical consumption of the equipment as well as atmospheric emissions during the stage of electricity generation. ΠΕΡΙΛΗΨΗ Στα πλαίσια της παρούσας δράσης το Πανεπιστήμιο Πατρών μελέτησε τις περιβαλλοντικές επιπτώσεις της προτεινόμενης τεχνολογίας. Σκοπός της μελέτης ήταν να γίνει περιβαλλοντική αποτίμηση του κύκλου ζωής της τεχνολογίας που αναπτύχθηκε στα πλαίσια του έργου INTEGRASTE. Συγκεκριμένα, οι περιβαλλοντικές επιδόσεις και οι περιβαλλοντικές επιπτώσεις της παραγωγικής διεργασίας για την παραγωγή ηλεκτρικής και θερμικής ενέργειας αποτιμήθηκαν, με γνώμονα την αξιολόγηση της διεργασίας και την αποφυγή προβλημάτων σε μελλοντικές εφαρμογές. Το λογισμικό που χρησιμοποιήθηκε για την περιβαλλοντική αξιολόγηση των διεργασιών ήταν το SimaPro 7.3. Η μονάδα αναφοράς που χρησιμοποιήθηκε ήταν 1 τόνος ακατέργαστης βιομάζας που εισέρχεται στο σύστημα και μελετήθηκαν οι περιβαλλοντικές επιπτώσεις τεσσάρων διαφορετικών μιγμάτων κατά τη διεργασία της αναερόβιας χώνευσης. Καθώς τα ακριβή στοιχεία για την αξιολόγηση της διεργασίας δεν ήταν διαθέσιμα σε πλήρη κλίμακα, χρησιμοποιήθηκαν δεδομένα από τη λειτουργία της πιλοτικής μονάδας. Για την συμπλήρωση του καταλόγου με τα υπό αξιολόγηση δεδομένα, έγιναν υποθέσεις και υπολογισμοί κυρίως βασιζόμενοι στις ενεργειακές απαιτήσεις της μονάδας και στις ατμοσφαιρικές εκπομπές που προκαλούν οι διεργασίες που λαμβάνουν χώρα. Page 7 of 45