Some Resources, Data Tables etc.

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Ξάνθιππος Μιχαηλίδης
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1 Some Resources, Data Tables etc.

2 Primary SI Units Meter m Kilogram kg Second s Ampere A Kelvin K Mol mol Candela cd Newton N Farad F Joule J Coulomb C Tesla T Hertz Hz Watt W

3 Prefixes for SI Units Deca Hecto Kilo Mega Giga Tera Peta Exa Zetta Yotta da h k M G T P E Z Y Deci Centi Milli Micro Nano Pico Femto Atto Zepto Yocto D c m μ n p f a z y

4 Conversion Factors 1 u = m u = (1/12)m( 12 C) 1 T = 10 4 G 1 ev = (49)x10 19 J 1 Ci = 3.7x10 10 s 1 1 J = 10 7 erg 1 Å = m = 10 8 cm 1 C = 10 1 e.m.u. 1 fm = m = cm 1 C = x10 9 e.s.u. 1 b = m 2 = cm 2

10 Table of the KXray transition energies for the elements, based on NIST data and given in [ev]

11 Z Element K α2 K α1 K β1 K β2 ω K 10 Ne Na Mg Al Si P * S Cl Ar K Ca Sc Ti V Cr Mn Fe Co Ni

12 Z Element K α2 K α1 K β1 K β2 ω K 29 Cu Zn Ga Ge As Se Br Kr Rb Sr Y Zr Nb Mo Tc * * * * Ru Rh Pd Ag Cd In

13 70 Yb * 0.94 Z Element K α2 K α1 K β1 K β2 ω K 50 Sn Sb Te In Xe * Cs Ba La Ce Pr Nd * Pm * 44937* Sm Eu Gd Tb * Dy * Ho * Er * Tm * 0.93

14 Z Element K α2 K α1 K β1 K β2 ω K 71 Lu * 62967* Hf # # 63234* 64980* Ta # W Re Os Ir Pt Au Hg Tl Pb Bi Po * * 89797* 92400* At 78944* 81514* 92304* 94991* Rn 81066* 83783* 94867* 97639* Fr 83232* 86105* 97478* * Ra Ac 87676* * * * Th Pa * U # 0.96

15 Gamma energy calibration standards

16 Gamma Rays Used as Energy Calibration Standards Source Half Life Energy (kev) 241 Am 432 years ± Ti 59.0 ± 0.6 years ± Ti 59.0 ± 0.6 years ± Cd ± 0.63 days ± Ta days ± Co 272 days ± Ce ± d ± Co 272 days ± Ce 32.5 days ± Ta days ± Ce days ± Ta days ± Ta days ± Pb hours ± Hg 46.6 days ± Ir ± days ± Ir ± days ± Ir ± days ± I 8.02 days ± Source Half Life Energy (kev) 198 Au days ± Ir ± days ± m 0 c ± Bi ± 15. days ± Tl minutes ± Ir ± days ± Ir ± days ± Cs 30.0 years ± Mn days ± Y days ± Bi ± 15. days ± Co 5.27 years ± Na 2.60 years ± Co 5.27 years ± La ± h ± Sb days ± Y days ± Tl minutes ± Na 15.0 hours ± 0.060

17 Multiple Gamma Rays Emitted in the Decay of 152 Eu Energy (kev) Relative Intensity ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± 0.09

18 Short selection of Fundamental constants

19 Atomic Constants Fine Structure Constant, μ 0 ce 2 /2h α α (33) (61) 10 3 Rydberg Constant, m e cα 2 /2h in Hertz, R c in Joules, R hc in ev, R hc/{e} R (13) (39) (13) (40) m Hz J ev Bohr s Radius, α/4πr a (24) m Hartree Energy, e 2 /4πε 0 a 0 =2R In ev, E h /{e} E h (26) (81) J ev

PhysicalChemistry Constants Avogadro Constant NA, L 6.0221367(36) 1023mol1 Atomic Mass Units, Mu=(1/12)m(12C) in ev, muc2/{e} mu 1.6605402(19) 931.49432(28) 1027kg MeV Faraday Constant, NAe F 96485.

20 PhysicalChemistry Constants Avogadro Constant NA, L (36) 1023mol1 Atomic Mass Units, Mu=(1/12)m(12C) in ev, muc2/{e} mu (19) (28) 1027kg MeV Faraday Constant, NAe F (29) Cmol1 Molar Gas Constant R (70) Jmol1K (12) 1023JK1 Boltzmann Constant, R/NA in ev, k/{e} in Hertz, k/h in wavelength, k/hc k (73) (18) (59) 105eVK1 1010HzK1 m1k1 StefanBoltzmann Constant, (π2/60)k4/ћ3c2 σ (19) 108Wm2K4 Wien s Constant b=λmaxt b (24) 103mK

21 Fundamental constants and data, based on NIST data, detailed list

22 Quantity Value Uncertainty Unit {220} lattice spacing of silicon e e12 m alpha particleelectron mass ratio alpha particle mass e e27 kg alpha particle mass energy equivalent e e10 J alpha particle mass energy equivalent in MeV MeV alpha particle mass in u u alpha particle molar mass e e3 kg mol^1 alpha particleproton mass ratio Angstrom star e e10 m atomic mass constant e e27 kg atomic mass constant energy equivalent e e10 J atomic mass constant energy equivalent in MeV MeV atomic mass unitelectron volt relationship e e6 atomic mass unithartree relationship e e7 E_h atomic mass unithertz relationship e e23 Hz ev

23 Quantity Value Uncertainty Unit atomic mass unitinverse meter relationship e e14 m^1 atomic unit of charge e e19 C atomic mass unitjoule relationship e e10 J atomic mass unitkelvin relationship e e13 K atomic mass unitkilogram relationship e e27 kg atomic unit of 1st hyperpolarizablity e e53 C^3 m^3 J^2 atomic unit of 2nd hyperpolarizablity e e65 C^4 m^4 J^3 atomic unit of action e e34 Js atomic unit of charge density e e12 C m^3 atomic unit of current A e e3 A atomic unit of electric dipole mom e e30 Cm atomic unit of electric field e e11 V m^1 atomic unit of electric field gradient e e21 V m^2 atomic unit of electric polarizablity e e41 C^2 m^2 J^1 atomic unit of electric potential V atomic unit of electric quadrupole mom e e40 C m^2

24 Quantity Value Uncertainty Unit atomic unit of energy e e18 J atomic unit of force e e8 N atomic unit of length e e10 m atomic unit of mag. dipole mom e e23 J T^1 atomic unit of mag. flux density e e5 T atomic unit of magnetizability e e29 J T^2 atomic unit of mass e e31 kg atomic unit of momentum e e24 kg m s^1 atomic unit of permittivity e10 (exact) F m^1 atomic unit of time e e17 s atomic unit of velocity e e6 m s^1 Avogadro constant e e23 mol^1 Bohr magneton e e26 J T^1 Bohr magneton in ev/t e e5 ev T^1 Bohr magneton in Hz/T e e9 Hz T^1 Bohr magneton in inverse meters per tesla m^1 T^1 Bohr magneton in K/T K T^1

25 Quantity Value Uncertainty Unit Bohr radius e e10 m Boltzmann constant e e23 J K^1 Boltzmann constant in ev/k e e5 ev K^1 Boltzmann constant in Hz/K e e10 Hz K^1 Boltzmann constant in inverse meters per kelvin m^1 K^1 characteristic impedance of vacuum (exact) ohm classical electron radius e e15 m Compton wavelength e e12 m Compton wavelength over 2 pi e e15 m conductance quantum e e5 S conventional value of Josephson constant e9 (exact) Hz V^1 conventional value of von Klitzing constant (exact) ohm Cu x unit e e13 m deuteronelectron mag. mom. ratio e e4 deuteronelectron mass ratio deuteron g factor

26 Quantity Value Uncertainty Unit deuteron mag. mom e e26 J T^1 deuteron mag. mom. to Bohr magneton ratio e e3 deuteron mag. mom. to nuclear magneton ratio deuteron mass e e27 kg deuteron mass energy equivalent e e10 J deuteron mass energy equivalent in MeV MeV deuteron mass in u u deuteron molar mass e e3 kg mol^1 deuteronneutron mag. mom. ratio deuteronproton mag. mom. ratio deuteronproton mass ratio deuteron rms charge radius e e15 m electric constant e12 (exact) F m^1 electron charge to mass quotient e e11 C kg^1 electrondeuteron mag. mom. ratio electrondeuteron mass ratio e e4

27 Quantity Value Uncertainty Unit electron g factor electron gyromag. ratio e e11 s^1 T^1 electron gyromag. ratio over 2 pi MHz T^1 electron mag. mom e e26 J T^1 electron mag. mom. anomaly e e3 electron mag. mom. to Bohr magneton ratio electron mag. mom. to nuclear magneton ratio electron mass e e31 kg electron mass energy equivalent e e14 J electron mass energy equivalent in MeV MeV electron mass in u e e4 u electron molar mass e e7 kg mol^1 electronmuon mag. mom. ratio electronmuon mass ratio e e3 electronneutron mag. mom. ratio electronneutron mass ratio e e4

28 Quantity Value Uncertainty Unit electronproton mag. mom. ratio electronproton mass ratio e e4 electrontau mass ratio e e4 electron to alpha particle mass ratio e e4 electron to shielded helion mag. mom. ratio electron to shielded proton mag. mom. ratio electron volt e e19 J electron voltatomic mass unit relationship e e9 u electron volthartree relationship e e2 E_h electron volthertz relationship e e14 Hz electron voltinverse meter relationship e e5 m^1 electron voltjoule relationship e e19 J electron voltkelvin relationship e e4 K electron voltkilogram relationship e e36 kg elementary charge e e19 C elementary charge over h e e14 A J^1

29 Quantity Value Uncertainty Unit Faraday constant C mol^1 Faraday constant for conventional electric current C_90 mol^1 Fermi coupling constant e e5 GeV^2 finestructure constant e e3 first radiation constant e e16 W m^2 first radiation constant for spectral radiance e e16 W m^2 sr^1 hartreeatomic mass unit relationship e e8 u hartreeelectron volt relationship ev Hartree energy e e18 J Hartree energy in ev ev hartreehertz relationship e e15 Hz hartreeinverse meter relationship e e7 m^1 hartreejoule relationship e e18 J hartreekelvin relationship e e5 K hartreekilogram relationship e e35 kg helionelectron mass ratio

30 Quantity Value Uncertainty Unit helion mass e e27 kg helion mass energy equivalent e e10 J helion mass energy equivalent in MeV MeV helion mass in u u helion molar mass e e3 kg mol^1 helionproton mass ratio hertzatomic mass unit relationship e e24 u hertzelectron volt relationship e e15 ev hertzhartree relationship e e16 E_h hertzinverse meter relationship e9 (exact) m^1 hertzjoule relationship e e34 J hertzkelvin relationship e e11 K hertzkilogram relationship e e51 kg inverse finestructure constant inverse meteratomic mass unit relationship e e15 u inverse meterelectron volt relationship e e6 ev inverse meterhartree relationship e e8 E_h

31 Quantity Value Uncertainty Unit inverse meterhertz relationship (exact) Hz inverse meterjoule relationship e e25 J inverse meterkelvin relationship e e2 K inverse meterkilogram relationship e e42 kg inverse of conductance quantum ohm Josephson constant e e9 Hz V^1 jouleatomic mass unit relationship e e9 u jouleelectron volt relationship e e18 ev joulehartree relationship e e17 E_h joulehertz relationship e e33 Hz jouleinverse meter relationship e e24 m^1 joulekelvin relationship e e22 K joulekilogram relationship e17 (exact) kg kelvinatomic mass unit relationship e e14 u kelvinelectron volt relationship e e5 ev kelvinhartree relationship e e6 E_h

32 Quantity Value Uncertainty Unit kelvinhertz relationship e e10 Hz kelvininverse meter relationship m^1 kelvinjoule relationship e e23 J kelvinkilogram relationship e e40 kg kilogramatomic mass unit relationship e e26 u kilogramelectron volt relationship e e35 ev kilogramhartree relationship e e34 E_h kilogramhertz relationship e e50 Hz kilograminverse meter relationship e e41 m^1 kilogramjoule relationship e16 (exact) J kilogramkelvin relationship e e39 K lattice parameter of silicon e e12 m Loschmidt constant ( K, kpa) e e25 m^3 mag. constant e7 (exact) N A^2 mag. flux quantum e e15 Wb molar gas constant J mol^1 K^1 molar mass constant 1 e3 (exact) kg mol^1

33 Quantity Value Uncertainty Unit molar mass of carbon12 12 e3 (exact) kg mol^1 molar Planck constant e e10 J s mol^1 molar Planck constant times c J m mol^1 molar volume of ideal gas ( K, 100 kpa) molar volume of ideal gas ( K, kpa) e e3 m^3 mol^ e e3 m^3 mol^1 molar volume of silicon e e6 m^3 mol^1 Mo x unit e e13 m muon Compton wavelength e e15 m muon Compton wavelength over 2 pi e e15 m muonelectron mass ratio muon g factor muon mag. mom e e26 J T^1 muon mag. mom. anomaly e e3 muon mag. mom. to Bohr magneton ratio e e3 muon mag. mom. to nuclear magneton ratio muon mass energy equivalent e e11 J

34 Quantity Value Uncertainty Unit muon mass e e28 kg muon mass energy equivalent in MeV MeV muon mass in u u muon molar mass e e3 kg mol^1 muonneutron mass ratio muonproton mag. mom. ratio muonproton mass ratio muontau mass ratio e e2 natural unit of action e e34 Js natural unit of action in ev s e e16 ev s natural unit of energy e e14 J natural unit of energy in MeV MeV natural unit of length e e15 m natural unit of mass e e31 kg natural unit of momentum e e22 kg m s^1 natural unit of momentum in MeV/c MeV/c natural unit of time e e21 s

35 Quantity Value Uncertainty Unit natural unit of velocity (exact) m s^1 neutron Compton wavelength e e15 m neutron Compton wavelength over 2 pi e e15 m neutronelectron mag. mom. ratio e e3 neutronelectron mass ratio neutron g factor neutron gyromag. ratio e e8 s^1 T^1 neutron gyromag. ratio over 2 pi MHz T^1 neutron mag. mom e e26 J T^1 neutron mag. mom. to Bohr magneton ratio e e3 neutron mag. mom. to nuclear magneton ratio neutron mass e e27 kg neutron mass energy equivalent e e10 J neutron mass energy equivalent in MeV MeV neutron mass in u u neutron molar mass e e3 kg mol^1 neutronmuon mass ratio

36 Quantity Value Uncertainty Unit neutronproton mag. mom. ratio neutronproton mass ratio neutrontau mass ratio neutron to shielded proton mag. mom. ratio Newtonian constant of gravitation e e11 m^3 kg^1 s^2 Newtonian constant of gravitation over hbar c e e39 (GeV/c^2)^2 nuclear magneton e e27 J T^1 nuclear magneton in ev/t e e8 ev T^1 nuclear magneton in inverse meters per tesla e e2 m^1 T^1 nuclear magneton in K/T e e4 K T^1 nuclear magneton in MHz/T MHz T^1 Planck constant e e34 Js Planck constant in ev s e e15 ev s Planck constant over 2 pi e e34 Js Planck constant over 2 pi in ev s e e16 ev s Planck constant over 2 pi times c in MeV fm MeV fm

37 Quantity Value Uncertainty Unit Planck length e e35 m Planck mass e e8 kg Planck mass energy equivalent in GeV e e19 GeV Planck temperature e e32 K Planck time e e44 s proton charge to mass quotient e e7 C kg^1 proton Compton wavelength e e15 m proton Compton wavelength over 2 pi e e15 m protonelectron mass ratio proton g factor proton gyromag. ratio e e8 s^1 T^1 proton gyromag. ratio over 2 pi MHz T^1 proton mag. mom e e26 J T^1 proton mag. mom. to Bohr magneton ratio e e3 proton mag. mom. to nuclear magneton ratio proton mag. shielding correction e e6 proton mass e e27 kg

38 Quantity Value Uncertainty Unit proton mass energy equivalent e e10 J proton mass energy equivalent in MeV MeV proton mass in u u proton molar mass e e3 kg mol^1 protonmuon mass ratio protonneutron mag. mom. ratio protonneutron mass ratio proton rms charge radius e e15 m protontau mass ratio quantum of circulation e e4 m^2 s^1 quantum of circulation times e e4 m^2 s^1 Rydberg constant m^1 Rydberg constant times c in Hz e e15 Hz Rydberg constant times hc in ev ev Rydberg constant times hc in J e e18 J SackurTetrode constant (1 K, 100 kpa) SackurTetrode constant (1 K, kpa)

39 Quantity Value Uncertainty Unit second radiation constant e e2 mk shielded helion gyromag. ratio e e8 s^1 T^1 shielded helion gyromag. ratio over 2 pi MHz T^1 shielded helion mag. mom e e26 J T^1 shielded helion mag. mom. to Bohr magneton ratio e e3 shielded helion mag. mom. to nuclear magneton ratio shielded helion to proton mag. mom. ratio shielded helion to shielded proton mag. mom. ratio shielded proton gyromag. ratio e e8 s^1 T^1 shielded proton gyromag. ratio over 2 pi MHz T^1 shielded proton mag. mom e e26 J T^1 shielded proton mag. mom. to Bohr magneton ratio e e3 shielded proton mag. mom. to nuclear magneton ratio speed of light in vacuum (exact) m s^1 standard acceleration of gravity (exact) m s^2

40 Quantity Value Uncertainty Unit standard atmosphere (exact) Pa StefanBoltzmann constant e e8 W m^2 K^4 tau Compton wavelength e e15 m tau Compton wavelength over 2 pi e e15 m tauelectron mass ratio tau mass e e27 kg tau mass energy equivalent e e10 J tau mass energy equivalent in MeV MeV tau mass in u u tau molar mass e e3 kg mol^1 taumuon mass ratio tauneutron mass ratio tauproton mass ratio Thomson cross section e e28 m^2 tritonelectron mag. mom. ratio e e3 tritonelectron mass ratio triton g factor triton mag. mom e e26 J T^1

Quantity Value Uncertainty Unit triton mag. mom. to Bohr magneton ratio 1.622 393 657 e3 0.000 000 021 e3 triton mag. mom. to nuclear magneton ratio 2.978 962 448 0.000 000 038 triton mass 5.

41 Quantity Value Uncertainty Unit triton mag. mom. to Bohr magneton ratio e e3 triton mag. mom. to nuclear magneton ratio triton mass e e27 kg triton mass energy equivalent e e10 J triton mass energy equivalent in MeV MeV triton mass in u u triton molar mass e e3 kg mol^1 tritonneutron mag. mom. ratio tritonproton mag. mom. ratio tritonproton mass ratio unified atomic mass unit e e27 kg von Klitzing constant ohm weak mixing angle Wien frequency displacement law constant e e10 Hz K^1 Wien wavelength displacement law constant e e3 mk

42 Radioactive sources inventory of the Advanced Physics Laboratory

48 Quantity Value Uncertainty Unit

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