Subject index. B bar chart...108, 358 bar graph of means Bartlett test of equal variances beta option

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1 Subject index A acquiring datasets add, label define option...2 adoupdate command agreement, intraclass correlation alpha command alpha reliability...387, 389 ameans command...97 analysis of covariance...see ANCOVA analysis of variance...see ANOVA ANCOVA ANOVA, assumptions degrees of freedom effect size equal-variance test multiple comparison one-way , 224 one-way power analysis , power analysis , repeated-measures repeated-measures power analysis two-way two-way power analysis anova command ATS at UCLA auxiliary variables B bar chart...108, 358 bar graph of means Bartlett test of equal variances beta option beta weight...213, 280 interpretation limitation binary variables binscatter command , 320 block regression blog...see Stata Blog Bonferroni multiple-comparison test , 225 bookstore, Stata bootstrap estimation of standard errors bootstrap regression Boston College Stata site boundary characteristic curve box plot...118, 239 browse command...40 browse, nolabel command...80 C calculator capitalization case, changing...49 casewise deletion categorical covariates...241, 245 predictors, regression variable cause and effect center command centering quadratic model chi-squared table test , 361 chi2power command chitable command

2 558 Subject index clear command... 11, 29 clonevar command...65, 478 cls command codebook command , 55 56, 139 codebook example codebook, compact command...53 coding system coefficient of variation Cohen s d , Cohen s f , 264 collinearity , 295 command adoupdate alpha ameans...97 anova browse...40 browse, nolabel...80 center clear...11, 29 clonevar... 65, 478 cls...16 codebook , 55 56, 139 codebook, compact...53 compress correlate describe...10, 45 46, 54 dfbeta display , 229, 355, drop...73 edit...29 egen...65, 70 72, 383 egen count egen rowmean...72, 383 egen rowmiss...71 esize estat esize estat report estat vif estimates store factor generate glm command, continued graph bar , 233, 358 graph box graph hbox gsem , 473 help...6 help label...43 histogram , 108, 283 irt 1pl irt 2pl irt grm irtgraph icc.. 512, 519, irtgraph iif...513, 520, 527 irtgraph tif...514, 521, 528 kap keep...73 kwallis label variable...59 list , 224 listcoef logistic logit...342, , lrtest...361, 487 margins...244, , 314, , 483 marginsplot , , 321, 371, 483 median mi estimate mi impute mi impute chained mi impute mvn...456, 461, 462 mi register mi set misstable mixed mvdecode...56, 67, 167 nestreg , , numlabel... 82, 104 pcorr...281, 303 power , 330 power oneway , power repeated power twomeans...185

3 Subject index 559 command, continued power twoway predict , 310, 493 prtest pwcorr pwmean ranksum recode , 299 regress , , , rename , 57, 257 rename, lower replace...65, 167 reshape , 478 sample...146, 154, 195 save saveold scatter sdtest search...6 sem , 473 sembuilder set obs set seed...146, 154, 195 sktest spearman ssc structure...78 summarize...5, 11 13, 113, 211, 284 sunflower sysuse...10, tab tab , 207 tab tabdisp tabi table tabstat...117, 237 tabulate...5, 64, 68 70, 101, , 137, , test ttest , 177 twoway , 311 command, continued twoway lfit use...85 with missing values...79 xtreg...260, 263 xtset Command window... 8, 10 commenting do-files...85 communality community-contributed command binscatter , 320 center chi2power chitable egenmore...70, 71 fre ftable...131, 227 hangroot lrdrop mibeta optifact powerlog ttable compatibility...42 compress command confidence interval difference of proportions one sample mean proportion regression regression line slope constant content validity ratio continuous covariates continuous variable conventions used in the book...1 copying, HTML format...19, 89 copying results to word processor...19, 88 correlate command correlation, interpreting limitation...316

4 560 Subject index correlation, continued multiple comparison ratio...228, count outcome variables Cramér s V, measure of association creating value labels criterion-related validity cross-tabulation curve fitting D Data Editor , Data Editor (Browse)...29 data, browse...29 cleaning...43 long format , 223 subset of...80 subsets of...79 wide format...160, 223 dataset, acquisition c10interaction...310, 335 c11barchart cancer...10, 11 census censusfv chapter6 aspirin chapter13 missing chores contents...43 create depression descriptive gss...100, 120, 121 divorce download...xxxv, environ firstsurvey...43 firstsurvey chapter4...80, 85, 92 flourishing bmi gss2002 and 2006 chapter gss2002 chapter dataset, continued gss2002 chapter7..157, 163, 164, 166, 176, 191 gss2002 chapter gss2002 chapter gss2002 chapter , 446 gss2002 chapter gss2006 chapter6..124, 138, 143, 146, 149, 150 gss2006 chapter6 10percent gss2006 chapter , 218, 219 gss2006 chapter8 selected gss2006 chapter , 240 gss2006 chapter9 2way gss2006 chapter , 390 gss2006 chapter12 selected intraclass kappa kuder-richardson long longitudinal exercise longitudinal mixed nlsw , 337 nlsy97 chapter , 190 nlsy97 chapter , 361 nlsy97 selected variables , 299 ops , 470 partyid...224, 237, 272 positive regsmpl...318, 447, 456 relate...52, 75 retest severity spearman , 219 wide wide degrees of freedom, ANOVA one-sample t test regression deleting variables...73 dependent t test...176

5 Subject index 561 dependent variable describe command...10, 45 46, 54 dfbeta command dialog box, alpha anova codebook correlate describe egen generate...65, graph bar , 233 graph box graph hbox graph pie histogram , kwallis lfit logistic margins...244, , 253 nestreg oneway open...66 pcorr power prtest recode , 299 regress...211, 277 rename...57 rvplot scatter sdtest sktest Submit vs. OK summarize...11 tab tabi table tabstat tabulate , , 139 ttest , , 177 dictionary file...52 difference of means test difference of proportions test discontinuity graph display command , 229, 355, Do-file Editor do-file, comments in...85 continuation line... 86, 167 creating...82 example...87 introduction...6 download datasets drop command...73 dummy variables E edit command...29 effect size , 228, 281 η , Cohen s d for t test Hedges s g point-biserial r r-squared egen command... 65, 70 72, 383 egen count command egen rowmean command...72, 383 egen rowmiss command...71 egenmore command...70, 71 eigenvalues entering data equal variance test equal variance, Bartlett test equality symbol...79 esize command estat esize command estat report command estat vif postestimation command estimates store command eta-squared...228, 234 Excel exporting data importing data exit Stata...18, 43 explained variance...278

6 562 Subject index exponentiation external validity F F ratio F test of unequal variances Facebook...see Stata on Facebook factor analysis, communality...404, 405 eigenvalues...404, 405, 410 exploratory factor analysis extraction factor score , 414 loadings...404, 405 oblique rotation...405, 412 orthogonal rotation...405, 411 PCF PF postestimation principal component promax rotation rotation scree plot...404, 405, 410 simple structure...404, 405 varimax rotation factor command factor variable fixed effects fonts, fixed format, long numeric...31 string...32 fre command frequency distributions...5, 101 ftable command...131, 227 full mediation G gamma, measure of association generalized linear model generalized structural equation modeling generate command generating a mean scale score geometric mean...97 glm command Goodman and Kruskal s gamma, measure of association graded response IRT model graph, alternative scattergram bar chart...108, 146, 233, 358 box plot...118, 239 collinearity discontinuity hanging rootogram heteroskedasticity histogram...108, 111, 283 horizontal box marginsplot command.. 254, 321 medians overlay two-way showing interaction effects pie chart residual vs. fitted scattergram graph bar command , 233, 358 graph box command Graph Editor graph hbox command graphics book boundary characteristics curve item characteristic curve..505, 512 greater than or equal growth curve gsem command , 473 logistic regression GSEM, families available GUI interface...8 H hangroot command harmonic mean...97 Hedges s g help... 6 help command... 6

7 Subject index 563 help, listcoef option help label command...43 heteroskedasticity hierarchical linear models hierarchical regression , , histogram histogram command , 108, 283 HLM...see hierarchical linear models horizontal bar chart HTML format...89 hypotheses hypotheses, alternative hypothesis, null I identification number, generate importing datasets, dictionary file imputation...see multiple imputation increment in R independent variable indicator variables interaction term interaction, margins command interactive table intercept intercept, growth trajectory interquartile range interval-level variables intraclass correlation...261, 263 correlation coefficient reliability IRT...see item response theory boundary characteristic curve compared with Likert-type scales estimating the latent score fitting two-parameter model graded response model item characteristic curve..505, 512 IRT, continued item importance menu system one-parameter logistic model overall evaluation of scale reliability test of two-parameter model three-parameter logistic model two-parameter logistic model variance in item difficulty irt 1pl command irt 2pl command irt grm command irtgraph icc command...512, 519, irtgraph iif command...513, 520, 527 irtgraph tif command...514, 521, 528 item characteristic curve.. 505, 512, 519 information function graph , 520, response theory J jitter(), scatter option K kap command kappa reliability weighted with three raters keep command...73 Kendall s tau, measure of association Kruskal Wallis test, ANOVA alternative Kuder Richardson reliability

8 564 Subject index Kuder Richardson coefficient of reliability kurtosis...99, 113, 285 kwallis command L label variable...59 label variable command labeling values...33 labeling variables...23 less than or equal...79 likelihood ratio chi-squared likelihood-ratio chi-squared test limitations of Stata linear regression list command , 224 listcoef command listwise deletion log,.smcl extension...90 log files...89 logistic command logistic regression , 439 bar chart exponentiation hypothesis tests interpreting odds ratio likelihood-ratio chi-squared test logits margins marginsplot command McFadden pseudo-r nested models nestreg command nonlinear odds ratio...344, 360 percentage change power analysis pseudo-r relative-risk ratio S-curve testing coefficients vs. OLS regression Wald chi-squared test logit command...342, , logits long format...162, 169, 223, , 478 longitudinal data lrdrop1 command lrtest command...361, 487 M MAR...see missing at random margins command.. 244, , 314, , 483 marginsplot command , , 321, 371, 483 maximum number of variables MCAR...see missing completely at random McFadden pseudo-r , 354 mean...95 mean squares mean vs. total scale score means, one-sample test two-sample test measure of association, η , φ odds ratio V median...95 median command median, graph box plot mediation correlated residuals full models partial menu, open...66 mi estimate command mi impute chained command mi impute command mi impute mvn command...456, 461, 462 mi register command...461

9 Subject index 565 mi set command mibeta command missing at random , missing completely at random...421, missing, count missing values...27, 56, 67, 79, , 476 egen command...70 listwise deletion types...55, 56 missing-values code...67 misstable command mixed command mixed models mode...94 multicollinearity multilevel analysis multilevel models margins command marginsplot command proportional reduction in error multiple comparison, Bonferroni Scheffé Šidák multiple comparison and correlation multiple correlation multiple imputation assumptons auxiliary variables identifying auxiliary variable interaction terms mechanism for missingness misspecification obtaining standardized estimates quadratic terms multiple regression command multiple regression diagnostics multiple regression with interaction term multiple regression, block categorical predictors dummy variables hierarchical indicator variables influential case nested outlier residual weighted data mvdecode command...56, 67, 167 N naming variables...25 nested regression , , nestreg command , , NetCourses nolabel, list option nominal-level variables...96 nonlinear nonlinear regression nonparametric ANOVA alternatives nonparametric tests Kruskal Wallis Mann Whitney median rank sum normal distribution...98 normally distributed residuals not equal...79 numlabel command...82, 104 O odds ratio , 344 interpretation percentage change OLS regression vs. logistic regression one-parameter logistic IRT model

10 566 Subject index one-sample t test test test of means one-tailed tests one-way ANOVA oneway option bonferroni scheffe sidak open dataset...85 existing dataset Stata-installed dataset optifact command option, add, label define...2 beta bonferroni, oneway help, listcoef jitter(), scatter nolabel, list percent, listcoef scheffe, oneway sidak, oneway ordinal-level variables...96 outlier P paired t test panel data part correlation partial correlation partial mediation pasting,...89 reformatting pasting results to word processor,...89 formatting path analysis pcorr command...281, 303 Pearson s chi-squared...128, 139 percent, listcoef option phi pie chart plot a confidence interval plotting regression line Poisson regression postestimation postestimation command, estat vif margins...244, , 314, , 483 marginsplot , , 371, 483 predict , 310, 493 test Postestimation Selector power analysis chi-squared test Cohen s d correlation one-way ANOVA , regression repeated-measures ANOVA t test two means two-way ANOVA power command , 330 power oneway command , power repeated command power twomeans command power twoway command powerlog command predict postestimation command , 310, 493 predict postregression predictive validity preferences...8 prefix command by, sort mi estimate, dftable probability tables product term project outline...52 promax rotation prophecy formula...389

11 Subject index 567 proportions, one-sample test two-sample test prtest command pseudo-r , 354 pwcorr command pweights pwmean command Q quadratic model, centering examining fitting qualifier, if with missing values in R R , 278 change random coefficients , effects intercept , sample...153, 195 how to draw slope randomization alternative to how to perform ranksum command Rasch modeling recode command , 299 recode values...60 recoding ranges regress command , , , regression assumptions binscatter command centering collinearity confidence intervals regression, continued degrees of freedom DFbeta diagnostics interaction line, plotting margins command marginsplot command nonlinear outliers power analysis predict quadratic model residuals weighted data with interaction term regression, block bootstrap categorical predictors dummy variables hierarchical indicator variables influential case nested outlier residual robust weighted data relational operators...79 relative-risk ratio reliability α as equivalence as internal consistency as rater consistency as stability internal consistency Kuder Richardson number of items test retest reliability, alpha equivalent forms IRT

12 568 Subject index reliability, continued kappa kappa with three raters Kuder Richardson coefficient of reliability prophecy formula split-half test retest weighted kappa rename command , 57, 257 rename variable rename, lower command...53 repeated-measures t test ANOVA design replace command...65, 167 reshape command , 478 reshape wide to long format reshaping data residual...286, 287 Results window...8 clear...16 scroll size... 4 reverse coding reverse coding by subtraction...67 reverse-code variables...60 Review window...8 robust estimation of standard errors robust regression root mean squared error S sample, draw sample command...146, 154, 195 SAS SAS XPORT...49 save command saveold command...42 scale construction reverse coding scale creation...70 scatter command scattergram with confidence interval with jitter() option scattergram, alternative Scheffé, multiple comparison schemes scientific notation scree plot S-curve sdtest command search command...6 seed for starting a random sample..195 SEM assumptions with method(mlmv) auxiliary variables Builder, restore default settings estimating R linear regression mediation models path analysis sem advantages sem command , 473 sembuilder command semipartial correlation , 303 set obs command set seed command...146, 154, 195 Šidák, multiple comparison significance, statistical substantive skewness...99, 113, 285 sktest command slope SMCL...see Stata Markup and Control Language spearman command Spearman s rho split-half reliability SPSS...49 ssc command standard deviation...98

13 Subject index 569 standardized beta coefficient beta weights coefficients regression coefficients Stat/Transfer...49, 546 Stata, limitations Stata Blog Stata bookstore Stata code for textbook examples..540 Stata/IC limitations Stata Journal Stata Markup and Control Language Stata NetCourses Stata on Facebook Stata on Twitter Stata Portal, UCLA...207, 540, 542 Stata screen... 7 Stata tutorial...18, 545 Statalist Forum statistical significance versus substantive significance structural equation modeling sum of squares sum score of scale limitations summarize command...5, 11 13, 113, 211, 284 summarize(), tabulate option summary of data summated scores versus mean scores sunflower command sysuse command...10, T t test, difference of means grouped data one-sample power analysis repeated measures two-sample tab command tab1 command , 207 tab2 command tabdisp command tabi command table calculator probability summary statistics table command tables for quantitative data tabstat command...117, 237 tabulate command...5, 64, 68 70, 101, , 137, , tau, measure of association test information function graph...514, 521, 528 test of significance, kurtosis skewness test postestimation command test retest reliability tests, Bonferroni chi-squared dependent t test equal variance likelihood-ratio chi-squared likelihood-ratio chi-squared with logistic regression logistic regression long format for portions Mann Whitney median multiple comparison with correlations nonparametric one-sample t test paired t test proportions , 160 rank sum repeated-measures t test skewness and kurtosis...285

14 570 Subject index tests, continued two-sample t test unequal variances Wald chi-squared test wide format for proportions z test for proportions z test with logistic regression..361 textbook examples using Stata commands three-parameter logistic IRT model time-invariant covariate time-varying covariate tolerance toolbar,...9 Stata for Mac...9 Stata for Windows... 9 ttable command ttest command , 177 tutorial...18, 545 Twitter... see Stata on Twitter two-by-two table two-parameter logistic IRT model , two-tailed tests two-way ANOVA twoway command , 311 twoway lfit command types of reliability U UCLA Stata Portal...207, 540 reshaping data wide to long UCLA Stata support unequal variance test use command value labels...23, 33 40, 57 60, 82 variable labels...23 variable name...22, 25 reserved...22 Variables Manager , 57 59, 73 Variables window...8 variance inflation factor varimax rotation versions...42 video tutorials...18 VIF...see variance inflation factor W Wald chi-squared test weighted data weighted kappa weights, pweights wide format...160, 170, 223, , 477 Word transfering picture of result transfering results...88 working directory...9 X xtreg command...260, 263 xtset command Y YouTube Z z test, one-sample proportion two-sample proportion zero-inflated models V validity, construct criterion criterion related expert judgment external predictive...397