2005, 32 (4) : Acta Horticulturae Sinica 584 588 3 (, 271018) : 7 ( Prunus avium L. ),,, ABA, 62BA GA 3 ; ABA, 62BA GA 3, ; ABA, 62BA GA 3 62BA CA 3, CA 3 ABA ( PAL) ( PPO), 62BA GA 3 PAL PPO, 62BA GA 3,, 50%, ; ABA, : ; ; ; : S 66215 : A : 05132353X (2005) 0420584205 Effects of Plan t Growth Regula tors on the Con ten t of Phenolics in Sweet Cherry D orman t Flower Buds and D ormancy W ei Hairong, Gao Dongsheng 3, and L i Xianli ( Institute of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong A gricultural U niversity, Taiπan 271018, China) Abstract: The experiment was conducted with 72year2old Hongdeng and Zaohongbaoshi sweet cherry ( P runus avium L. ) trees, and effects of p lant growth regulators on the content of phenolics and relate enzymes activity and rate of germ ination were analyzed and studied. Results showed that the effects of different p lant growth regulators were different: ABA p romoted the accumulation of phenolics 62BA and GA 3 postponed the accumulation of phenolics in the p rimary stage; In the m iddle stage, ABA kep t the content of phenolics high while 62BA and GA 3 p romoted the content of phenolics peak then it dropped; In the last period, ABA postponed the drop of the phenolics content, 62BA and GA 3 were contrary to ABA. The effect of CA 3 was better than that of ABA. ABA made PAL activity raise, and dropped the PPO activity; 62BA and GA 3 made PAL dropped but raised the PPO activity. Effects of different p lant growth regulators on the germ ination rate were different in dif2 ferent periods of dormancy. In the p rimary stage, 62BA and GA 3 on the rate of germ ination were not obvious; In the m iddle stage, 62BA and GA 3 can break dormancy and made the rate of germ ination more than 50% ; In the last period, effects of 62BA and GA 3 were sim ilar to the m iddle of stage. In the whole period of dormancy, ABA made the rate of germ ination lowerd and inhibited the dormancy2release. Key words: Sweet cherry; Plant grow th regulator; Phenolics; Dormancy,,, : 2004-09 - 29; : 2004-12 - 06 : 863 (2001AA247041) 3 Author for correspondence ( E2mail: dsgao@ sdau1edu1cn)
4 : 585, 1, 2,,,, 3,, 1 2003 10 2004 2 7 ( P runus avium L. ), 11 4 11 29 12 27 3 ABA 100 mg L - 1 62BA 100 mg L - 1 GA 3 100 mg L - 1,, 3 4 d 50 70,,,, 20 m in, ( - 20 ), Folin -, 5 11 415 d50 ( PAL ) 5 6 11 4 11 29 12 27 3 20 40 50, 4, ABA 100 mg L - 1 62BA 100 mg L - 1 GA 3 100 mg L - 1,,, 2 d 1, ( 25 / 12, ), 25 d, 50%, 2 211 ( 1), 11 4 3,,, ABA,, 62 BA GA 3, GA 3, 62BA ABA, 62BA GA 3 212 2 11 29 3, ABA ; 62BA GA 3, GA 3 62BA 11 29 12 11, 12 11, 3 213 3 12 27,, ABA, ; 62BA GA 3,, ABA ; 62BA GA 3
586 32 1 ( 11-04) 2 ( 11-29) F ig. 1 The effect of plan t growth regula tors on phenolics F ig. 2 The effect of plan t growth regula tors on phenolics con ten t in the early stage of dormancy ( 11-04) con ten t in the m iddle stage of dormancy ( 11-29) 3 ( 12-27) F ig. 3 The effect of plan t growth regula tors on phenolics con ten t in the la st stage of dormancy ( 12-27) 4 ( PAL ) ( PPO ) F ig. 4 The effect of plan t growth regula tors on PAL and PPO activ ities during dormancy 214 PAL PPO 4, PAL, 3 : GA 3 62BA PAL, GA 3 ; ABAPAL3 1% 4, PPO ABA PPO,, GA 3 62BA PPO,, 3
4 : 587 1% 215 1, 11 4, 3 ABA,,, 3 ; 11 29, GA 3 62BA, 56134% 52121%, 1%, ABA, ABA ; 12 29,, 64121%, 3 50% 1 Table 1 The effect of plan t growth regula tors on the germ ina tion ra te of Hongdeng and Zaohongbaosh i Period (M - D) dur ing the dormancy period ( % ) Treatment Hongdeng Zaohongbaoshi 11-04 ABA 10162bB 11102bB GA 3 18169aA 15132aAB 62BA 18126aA 16157aA Control 18157aA 16189aA 11-29 ABA 9132dD 9123cC GA 3 56134aA 58197aA 62BA 52121bB 54132bB Control 10165cC 9178cC 12-27 ABA 64128cC 75136bB GA 3 96132aA 95167aA 62BA 86132bB 92136aA Control 64121cC 75195bB,, GA 3 62BA 3,, ABA GA 3 ABA 7, 8,, ABA,, ABA GA 3 62BA,,,,, 50% ABA, GA 3 62BA, ( PAL) 9, ABA PAL, PPO,,, GA 3 62BA,, 7, 10, 11 : 1,.., 1990, 14 (1) : 7 15 Zhu Y L, W u G M. Analysis for endogenous hormones in pop lar bud during dormancy and its release. Journal of Nanjing Forestry Universi2 ty, 1990, 14 (1) : 7 15 ( in Chinese) 2,,,,. ABA GA 3., 2004, 31 ( 2) : 149 154
588 32 Duan C G, L i X L, Gao D S, L iu H F, L im. Studies on regulations of endogenous ABA and GA 3 in sweet cherry flower buds on dorman2 cy. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2004, 31 (2) : 149 154 ( in Chinese) 3,,,,.., 1997, 24 (4) : 393 394 Yang X L, Zhang P Y, Guo M J, Xiang D F, Q i Y S. The relationship between the content of phenolic substances and dormancy of haw2 thorn seeds. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 1997, 24 (4) : 393 394 ( in Chinese) 4,. Folin., 1995, 3: 29 31 Xiao C, Zhang K N. Measuring phenolics in tea with Folin. Chinese Bulletin of Tea, 1995, 3: 29 31 ( in Chinese) 5,,. PPO., 1999, 21 (1) : 92 95 Luo X F, Tian Y T, Yao H J. Polyphenol oxidase activities and phenol contents in tissue culture. Journal of Beijing Forestry University, 1999, 21 (1) : 92 95 ( in Chinese) 6,,,.. :, 2000. 213 214 L i H S, Sun Q, Zhao S J, ZhangW H. Princip les and techniques of plant physiological biochem ical experiment. Beijing: H igher Educa2 tion Press, 2000. 213 214 ( in Chinese) 7. :. :, 2001. 8, 9, 12 14 Gao D S. Studies on endodormancy biology of deciduous fruit tree in p rotected cultivation: Ph. D. D issertation. Taiπan: Shandong Agri2 cultural University, 2001. 8, 9, 12 14 ( in Chinese) 8 FaustM, Erez A, Rowland L J, W ang S Y, Norman H A. Bud dormancy in perennial fruit trees: physiological basis for dormancy induc2 tion, maintenance, and release. J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci., 1997, 32 (4) : 623 629 9 Harborne J B. Plant phenolics. In: Bell E A, Charlwood B V ed. Secondary p lant p roducts, 1980. 329 405 10 Baldwin B D, Bandara M S, Tanino K K. Role of bud scles and phytohormones in the maintenance and release of endo2dormancy in field2 grown Saskatoon berry floral buds. Acta Horticulture, 2000, 520: 209 218 11 Piola F, Label P, Vergne P, Von Aderkas P, Rohr R. bud dormancy in vitro. Plant Cell Reports, 1998, 18: 279 283 Effects of endogenous ABA levels and temperature on cedar (Cedrus libani Loudon) ( ) ( ) 144, 1152, 120, 305, 338 ; 195, 160,, 50%,,,, : 101 ( ) ( ) 521, 389, 134, 680 55,,,,,,,, : 69 ( ) 12, 100081