The Regulation of Nitric Oxide in Plant

2004, 21 (1): 44 51 Chinese Bulletin of Botany NO 1 100037 2 NC 27708 USA NO NO NO NO NO NO (NO),,, The Regulation of Nitric Oxide in Plant 1 ZHAO Xiao-Gang 1 XU Zhang-Hong 1 HE Yi-Kun 1 ZHANG Fei-Xiong 2 PEI Zhen-Ming 1 (Department of Biology, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100037) 2 (Department of Biology, Duck University, NC 27708 USA) Abstract Nitric oxide (NO) is a freely diffusible, gaseous compound and an important signal molecule in living organisms. It has been widely agreed that NO is endogenously produced in plant cells, possibly via NO synthase, nitrate reducatases, and/or through nonenzymatic reactions. In plants, NO influences aspects of growth and development, and can affect plant responses to stress. Increasing evidences indicated that NO is a key signal messenger in disease resistance in plants. More and more attentions have been drawn to its mechenism of signal transduction. This review discusses the functions of NO in plants via its generation, its influence on life cycle of plant, the regulation of signal in plant metabolism and participation in programmed cell death. Key words Nitric oxide(no), Hormone, Signal transduction, Programmed cell death NO NO, NO 39970356 Author for correspondence. E-mail: yhe@duke.edu,, 1975 9 1956 7,, Planta Plant Cell Plant Cell Reports 40, 1964 4 2002-12-14 2003-06-09

NO NO 1 NO NO Klepper (1975; 1979) Klepper, 1991 NO NO 1.1 NO NO, NO nnos NO enos NO inos 160 133 130 kd, NO FMN NADPH BH 4 nnos enos Ca 2+ Nathan and Xie 1994 NADPH O 2 NO L- NO L- NO P450 NO cdna NO NO NO Kuo 1995 NO Western Sen Cheem 1995 NO 105.4 kd 89.7 kd 57.5 kd NO Barroso et al 1999 Foissner et al 2000 Huang and Knopp, 1998 Ribeiro et al 1999 NO NO Lum 2002 H 2 O 2 NO N- -L- L-NAME Ca 2+ verapamil H 2 O 2 NO NO Ca 2+ NO NO NO 1.2 NRNADPH/NADH NO Yamasaki1999 EC1.6.6.1 NO - 2 NADH ph7.0 NR NO NO NO NO - 3 NO NO Dean and Harper 1986 Klepper, 1987 Rockel et al 2002 Stohr et al 2001 1.3 NO NO NR NO NO 2 HNO 2 PK=3.2, NO Weizberg and Lunberg 1998

2 NO NO NO Beligni and Lamattina 2001 NO 1 NO NO IAA Pagnussat et al 2002NO IAA NO SNP IAA NO NO NO Leshem and Haramaty 1996 NO Leshem and Wills 1998 Leshem et al 1998 NO NO Tun et al 2001 3 NO NO NO NO NO NO 2 NO 3 NO NO Stamler 1994 3.1 NO NO NO S- NO ROS Drapier 1997 NO mrna IPRIPR mrna mrna IREs mrna mrna Table1 1 NO The character of NO and its overlapping with the action of plant hormones Function NO Phytohormone Leshem and Growth and differentiation Haramaty 1996, Gouvea et al 1997 ; auxins cytokinins Coenen and Lomax 1997 Leshem and Haramaty 1996 ethylene Orzaez and Senescence Beligni and Lamattina 2000 Seed germination De-etiolation Beligni and Lamattina 2000 Beligni and Lamattina 2000 Granell 1997 giberellins Bewley 1997 Hypocotyl elongation et al 1993 giberellins cytokinins Chory 1997 giberellins Sauter

NO NO Fenton HO., NO NO Navarre et al, 2000Klessig 2000 NtACO1) IPR-1 76% IPR-1 mrna NO HR Navarre et al, 2000 3.2 NO NO Klessig2000 NO ( 1) NO cgmp cgmp : 1) cgmp TMV NO NO NO cgmp cadpr cadpr Ca 2+ Ca 2+ Ca 2+ SA PAL SIPK1 SA MAP SIPK1 SA ; 2) cgmp : NO NO, ROS ;, AOX, ROS Vanlerberghe and Mcintosh 1996NO, H 2 O 2 2002 NO CAT APX C COX Clark2000 NO CAT APX H 2 O 2 GST H 2 O 2 GST SNP GST CAT Delledonne et al 1998 NO GST H 2 O 2 1 NO Klessig et al, 2000 Fig. 1 A model of NO-mediated signal pathway for defense

3.3 NO NO ROS SA ROS NO ROS Delledonne 1998 NO ROS NO ROS NOS NO ROS SA NO PAL PAL SA SA NO Stamler, 1994 SA NO NO ROS SA NO NO NO NO SNP NO NO Beligni and Lamattina, 1999 NO Leshem, 1996 4 NO NO NO DNA ADP- Ca 2+ NO cgmp C NO, NO, ROS ROS Bethke and lones, 2001NO Delledonne 1998 Pseudomonas Glycine max NO ROS HR, NO ROS Beligni et al 2002NO Solanum tuberosum ROS NO Beligni and Lamattina, 1999NO GA CAT SOD GA α- α- NO Clarke et al, 2000 5 NO NO NO

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