2012. M. 1 Coimisiún na Scrúduithe Stáit State Examinations Commission LEAVING CERTIFICATE EXAMINATION, 2012 ANCIENT GREEK ORDINARY LEVEL (400 marks) TIME: 3 Hours Page 1 of 6
1. Translate into English any two of the passages A, B, C, D. (All passages carry equal marks):- [210] A. (The Spartans send Kleombrotos to help the Phokians, whom the Thebans are attacking. But then a wellregarded man called Polydamas arrives from Pharsalos in Thessaly, to warn the Spartans about Iason.) oi9 de\ Qhbai=oi e0stra&teuon ei0j th\n Fwki/da. e0pei\ d' oi9 Fwkei=j e0pre/sbeuon ei0j th\n Lakedai/mona, oi9 Lakedaimo/nioi pe/mpousi kata_ qa&lattan ei0j Fwke/aj Kleo/mbroto/n te to\n basile/a kai\ pollou\j stratiw&taj met' au0tou=. peri\ de\ tou=ton to\n xro/non e0k Qessali/aj a)fiknei=tai pro\j tou\j Lakedaimoni/ouj Poluda&maj Farsa&lioj. ou[toj de\ e0n th= Qessali/a ma&la hu0doki/mei kai\ ou3twj e0do/kei kalo/j te ka)gaqo\j ei]nai w#ste kai\ stasia&santej oi9 Farsa&lioi parakate/qento au)tw~ th\n a)kro/polin, kai\ ta_j proso/douj e0pe/treyan au0tw ~. ou[toj ou]n e0pei\ a)fi/keto ei0j th\n Lakedai/mona, ei]pe toia&de: e0gw&, w} a!ndrej Lakedaimo/nioi, pro\j u(ma~j e1rxomai, e0qe/lwn ti xalepo\n u(mi=n e0n th= Qessali/a shmai/nein: o( ga_r 0Ia&swn du/namin e1xei mega&lhn. XENOPHON (105) Fwki/j: Phokis. presbeu/w: I send ambassadors. Farsa&lioj: Pharsalian, of Pharsalos. eu0dokime/w: I am of good repute. ka)gaqo/j = kai\ a)gaqo/j. stasia&zw: I engage in civil strife. parakatati/qemai: I entrust. a)kro/polij: acropolis, citadel. pro/sodoj: revenue. e0pitre/pw: I turn over to, entrust. shmai/nw: I point out. du/namij: power. B. (Exiled Aiginetans inhabit the town of Thyrea, a gift to them from the Spartans. However, the Aiginetans enemies, the Athenians, arrive, with unfortunate consequences for the Aiginetans and the Spartan commander, Tantalos.) oi9 de\ Lakedaimo/nioi Qure/an e1dosan toi=j e0kpesou=sin Ai0ginh/taij e0noikei=n. prospleo/ntwn de\ tw~n 0Aqhnai/wn, oi9 Ai0ginh=tai to\ me\n tei=xoj e0pi\ th = qala&ssh (o$ e1tuxon oi0kodomou/ntej) e0klei/pousin: e0j de\ th\n a!nw po/lin, e0n h[ w! koun, a)pexw&rhsan, a)pe/xousan de/ka sta&dia th=j qala&sshj. oi9 d' 0Aqhnai=oi katasxo/ntej eu0qu\j pa&sh th= stratia= ai9rou=si th\n Qure/an. kai\ th/n te po/lin kate/kausan kai\ ta_ e0no/nta e0cepo/rqhsan: kai\ a)fi/konto e0j ta_j 0Aqh/naj, a!gontej tou/j te Ai0ginh/taj (o3soi mh\ e0n xersi\ a)pe/qanon) kai\ to\n a!rxonta o$j par' au0toi=j h]n tw~n Lakedaimoni/wn, Ta&ntalon: e0zwgrh/qh ga_r tetrwme/noj. e1peita d' oi9 0Aqhnai=oi e0bouleu/santo tou\j Ai0ginh/taj a)poktei=nai dia_ th\n prote/ran e1xqran, Ta&ntalon de\ katadh=sai. THUCYDIDES (105) e0kpi/ptw: I am exiled. tei=xoj: fort. oi0kodome/w: I build. a!nw: upper. a)poxwre/w: I withdraw. a)pe/xw (+ Genitive case): I am distant from. sta&dion: stade (a unit of distance). kate/xw: I land. katakai/w: I burn down. e1neimi: I am inside. e0kporqe/w: I carry off as plunder. e0n xersi/: in the fighting. zwgre/w: I capture alive. titrw&skw: I wound. e1xqra: hostility. katade/w: I imprison. Page 2 of 6
C. (A messenger reports to Alkmene happy news from the battle, and of how aged Iolaos fared in it.) 1Aggeloj 0Alkmh/nh 1Aggeloj 0Alkmh/nh 1Aggeloj 0Alkmh/nh 1Aggeloj nikw~men e0xqrou/j, kai\ tropai=' i9dru/etai panteuxi/an e1xonta polemi/wn se/qen. w} fi/ltaq', h#de s' h(me/ra diw&lbisen: mia~j d' e1m' ou!pw sumfora~j e0leuqeroi=j: fo/boj ga_r ei1 moi zw~sin ou4j e0gw_ qe/lw. zw~sin, me/gisto/n g' eu0kleei=j kata_ strato/n. o( me\n ge/rwn ou]n e1stin 0Io/lewj e1ti; ma&lista, pra&caj g' e0k qew~n ka&llista dh/. ti/ d' e1sti; mw~n ti kedno\n h)gwni/zeto; ne/oj meqe/sthk' e0k ge/rontoj au]qij au]. EURIPIDES (105) e0xqro/j: enemy. tropai=on: trophy. i9dru/w: I set up. panteuxi/a: complete armour. diolbi/zw: I make blessed. sumfora&: misfortune. e0leuqero/w: I set free. eu0kleh/j: glorious. 0Io/lewj = 0Io/laoj. pra&ssw kalw~j: I fare well. e0k qew~n: with the gods help. mw~n: surely not? kedno/j: brave. a)gwni/zomai: I perform. meqi/stamai: I become. au]qij au]: once again. D. (Hera asks for Aphrodite s help, claiming to be going as a peace-maker to the quarrelling married couple Ocean and Tethys. She owes them this favour, for they previously had reared her in their house.) th\n de\ dolofrone/ousa proshu/da po/tnia 3Hrh: do\j nu=n moi filo/thta kai\ i3meron, w{ te su\ pa&ntaj damna~ a)qana&touj h)de\ qnhtou\j a)nqrw&pouj. ei]mi ga_r o)yome/nh polufo/rbou pei/rata gai/hj, 0Wkeano/n te, qew~n ge/nesin, kai\ mhte/ra Thqu/n, oi3 m' e0n sfoi=si do/moisin e0u+\ tre/fon h)d' a)ti/tallon. tou_j ei]m' o)yome/nh, kai/ sf' a!krita nei/kea lu/sw: h!dh ga_r dhro\n xro/non a)llh/lwn a)pe/xontai eu0nh=j kai\ filo/thtoj, e0pei\ xo/loj e1mpese qumw~. HOMER (105) dolofrone/ousa: crafty-minded. po/tnia: queenly. i3meroj: desire. damna&w: I subdue. h)de/: and. ei]mi: I shall go. o)yome/nh: in order to visit. polu/forboj: bountiful. pei/rata: ends. ge/nesij: origin. a)ti/tallw: I cherish. a!kritoj: endless. nei=koj: quarrel. dhro/j: long. a)pe/xomai (+ Genitive Case): I abstain from. eu0nh/: bed. xo/loj: anger. Page 3 of 6
2. [100] (i) Translate into English:- (60) e0nenikh/kh toi/nun e0gw_ th\n ei0saggeli/an, a)lla_ tou=to, fasi/n, h( a)rxh\ tou= kakou=. o( me\n ga_r Qeo/fhmoj, au0ti/ka ma&la e0nqumou/menoj th\n katadi/khn kai\ timwrei=sqai boulo/menoj, e1laxe/ moi di/khn ai0kei/aj, fa&skwn e0me\ a!rcai tw~n plhgw~n tw~n e0pi\ th = qu/ra. e0gw_ d' h(su/xazon, ou0 fobou/menoj mh\ katadika&seian e0mou= oi9 dikastai/. h(/kista ga_r h(gou/mhn e0celegxqh/sesqai, a)nai/tioj w!n. o( de\ Qeo/fhmoj, yeudei=j parasxo/menoj ma&rturaj, Eu1ergon to/n te a)delfo\n kai\ Mnhsi/boulon to\n khdesth/n, kai\ u(posxo/menoj paradw&sein to\ sw~ma th=j a)nqrw&pou th=j e0pi\ th = qu/ra e9sthkui/aj ( o$ ou0 pepoi/hke), e0chpa&thse tou\j dikasta&j, oi4 u(pe\r Qeofh/mou e0pei/sqhsan th\n yh=fon qe/sqai. e0gw_ ou]n ou3tw zhmiwqei/j, ou0 pollai=j h(me/raij u(/steron proselqw_n Qeofh/mw e0ke/leuon e0pi\ th\n tra&pezan a)kolouqou=nta komi/zesqai th\n katadi/khn. o( de\ Qeo/fhmoj a)nti\ tou= katadi/khn a)polabei=n h]lqen e0pi\ to\ xwri/on mou. READING GREEK (ii) Answer any four of the following questions. (Each question carries ten marks):- (40) (a) (b) (c) (d) Explain the origin of the quarrel between Aristarkhos and Theophemos. What happened when Aristarkhos went to see Theophemos brother, Euergos? Describe the events that occurred when Theophemos and his cronies visited Aristarkhos farm. Give the First Person, Singular Number, Present Tense of any two of these verbs underlined above: boulo/menoj, a!rcai, e0ke/leuon, a)polabei=n. (e) (f) Who was Croesus? Outline the events that led to the death of his son. Give an account of the meeting between Nausikaa and Odysseus. Page 4 of 6
3. Answer three of the following questions. At least one question must be chosen from Section A and one from Section B. The third question may be chosen from either Section A or Section B. (Each question carries thirty marks):- [90] A. (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) Outline the main events of the first phase of the Peloponnesian War, up to the Peace of Nicias in 421 B.C. Write short notes on any two of the following:- Epaminondas; Battle of Chaeronea; Parmenio; Battle of Issus. Select and describe any three events that you feel are important from the period of Greek history between the surrender of Athens in 404 B.C. and the battle of Leuctra in 371 B.C. Explain the significance of one of the events that you have chosen. Describe any three features of the Athenian system of government as it existed in the fifth century B.C. B. (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) Give an account of the life of Plato. Name two of his works, and outline the theme of one of them. Describe the main features of Homeric poetry and give a short account of Homer s Iliad. Imagine you are standing with a friend in the Archaic and Classical Greek section of a museum, looking at a statue. No information is on display about the statue. Tell your friend about the features that help you to identify the period to which the statue belongs. Write short notes on any two of the following:- Red Figure vases; the Ionic column; triglyphs and metopes; Pheidias. Page 5 of 6
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