218 2007 15 3 China Journal of Health P sychology 2007, Vol 15,No. 3 622,,,, ; ; : Research on Perce ivable Threa t of Tests, Study Sk ills and Performance A ttr ibution s of Test-anx ious Studen tṡ Chen S hun2 sen. Institute of A p p lied P sy cholog y, Z hang zhou N orm al U niversity, Z hang zhou 3631700, P. R. China Abstract Objective To exp lore the differences of perceivable th reat of tests, study sk ills and perform ance attributions a2 mong different levels test2anxious studentṡ M ethods U sing the Cognitive T est A nxiety Scale and other questionnaires, 622 m iddle school students w ere m easured. Results Cognitive test anxiety w as positively correlated w ith perceived th reat of tests, and negatively correlated w ith study sk illṡ P reparation phase data revealed, compared to their counterparts, that students w ith h igh2cognitive test anxiety rated tests asmore th reatening, reported low er study sk illṡ T he attribution style of h igh2cogn itive test anx iety studen ts w as in ternal, stable, and global fo r failure, but ex ternal, un stable, situation2specific for succesṡ Cognitive test anxiety and perceivable th reat of tests of fem ales w ere significantly h igher than m ales. Conclusion T here w ere significant differences among perceived th reat of tests, study sk ills and perform ance attributions a2 mong different levels test2anxious studentṡ Key words T est anxiety; Perceivable th reat of tests; Study sk ills; A ttribution styles,,, [1, 2 ], [3 ],,,,, ;,,,, adolescents and its relation to dep ression and suicidal ideation: a questionnaire survey. Int J N urs stud, 2006, 43 (2) : 1852192 [ 2 ]N g BD, W iem er2hastings P. A ddiction to the internet and online gam ing. Cyberp sychol Behav, 2005, 8 (2) : 1102113 [ 3 ]Chak K, L eung L. Shyness and locus of control as p redictors of internet addiction and internet use. Cyberp sychol Behav, 2004, 7 (5) : 5592570 [ 4 ],.., 2004, 27 (3) : 6622663 [ 5 ].., 1993 ( ) : 42246 [ 6 ],,.., 2004, 18 (7) : 5072510 [ 7 ]M orahan2m artin J, Schum acher P. Incidence and correlates of pathological Internet use among college studentṡ hum an behavior, 2000, 16: 13229 Computers in [ 8 ],. :., 2003, 11 (2) : 1082110 [ 9 ]M acn eil G, Stew art JC, Kaufm an AV. Social support as a poten2 tial moderator of adolescent delinquent behavioṡ lescent SocialW ork Journal, 2000, 17 (5) : 3612379 Child and A do2 [ 10 ]W hang L S, L ee S, Chang G. Internet over2users p sychological p rofiles: a behavior samp ling analysis on internet addiction. Cy2 berp sycholbehav, 2003, 6 (2) : 1432150 ( : 2006208222). 363000
2007 15 3 China Journal of Health P sychology 2007,Vol 15,No. 3 219, : ; ; 1 1. 1, 2 662, 40,, 40 2 622, 292, 330 113, 117, 164, 77, 35, 116 1. 2 1. 2. 1, 27, Α 0. 91, [1, 2 ],, ; Α 0. 854; 253, 0. 79 1. 2. 2, 18, Α 0. 85 [5 ] 1. 2. 3, 8,, Α 0. 86 [5 ] 1. 2. 4, 15, 2 :,,, 9, Α 0. 83;,,, 6, Α 0. 72 [5 ] 1. 3 4,, 1,,, SPSS12. 0 2 2. 1, 1,, 1 1 2 3 4 5 1. 1 2. 0. 753 3 1 3. 20. 433 3 20. 0443 3 1 4. 0. 453 3 0. 453 3 20. 503 3 1 5. 0. 353 3 0. 373 3 20. 603 3 0. 3943 3 1 : 3 P < 0. 05, 3 3 P < 0. 01, 3 3 3 P < 0. 001 2. 2, t, 2,, 2 t M SD M SD 60. 06 11. 71 63. 43 11. 21 3. 67 3 3 3 41. 89 7. 72 44. 41 7. 45 4. 14 3 3 3 20. 48 4. 92 20. 28 4. 48 0. 55 20. 01 3. 81 20. 58 3. 80 1. 86 15. 48 3. 36 15. 50 3. 04 0. 08 2. 3,,,, F (2, 619) = 249. 748, P < 0. 001, Γ 2 = 0. 447;, F (2, 619) = 60. 664, P < 0. 001, Γ 2 = 0. 164 3
220 2007 15 3 China Journal of Health P sychology 2007, Vol 15,No. 3, P < 0. 001, P < 0. 05, D unnett s C, 3 3 ( I)M SD (J)M SD (K)M SD Dunnett s C I- J I- K J- K 35. 809 5. 97 43. 46 4. 98 49. 75 6. 55 27. 656 3 213. 939 3 26. 282 3 23. 21 4. 64 20. 16 4. 10 18. 07 4. 27 3. 045 3 5. 135 3 2. 090 3, ;,,, 2. 3, 2,,, 2, 4 5, : ;,, 4 df SSCP W ilk s A 2 4975. 829 21823. 901 1534. 040 985. 284 0. 529 3 3 3 3193. 044 21170. 845 985. 284 632. 860 619 3124. 228 23711. 212 7503. 924 2006. 999 2316. 494 24438. 256 2006. 999 5722. 880 621 8100. 057 25535. 113 9037. 964 2992. 283 5509. 538 25609. 101 2992. 283 6355. 74 5 SS df M S F Γ 2 1534. 040 2 767. 020 63. 374 3 3 3 0. 170 1< 2; 1< 3; 2< 3 632. 860 2 316. 430 34. 281 3 3 3 0. 100 1< 2; 1< 3; 2< 3 7503. 924 620 12. 103 5722. 880 620 9. 230 : 1: ; 2: ; 3: ; 3 P < 0. 05, 3 3 P < 0. 01, 3 3 3 P < 0. 001 3,, 3. 1, [4, 5 ] [5 ],,,, [6 ],,,,,, ;,,,
2007 15 3 China Journal of Health P sychology 2007,Vol 15,No. 3 221,,,, [123 ],,,,,, 3. 2, [7, 8 ],,,,,,, [3 ],,, [3 ],,, ;,, [7 ] ;,,,,,, [9 ],, 3. 3,, [10 ], [11 ],,,, [11, 12 ] ( ),,,, ;, [11, 12 ],,,,, 3. 4,, [2, 3, 11, 13, 14 ], Cassady [1, 5 ],,, [3 ],,,,,,, ;, ;,, 4 [ 1 ] Cassady JC, Johnson RE. Cognitive test anxiety and academ ic perform ance. Contemporary Educational p sychology, 2002, 27: 2702295 [ 2 ]. (J)., 2006, 12 (1) : 35238 [3 ]Zeidner M. Test anxiety: The State of the A rṫ P lenum P ress, N ew York, 1998 [ 4 ]Schutz PA, Davis HA. Emotions and self2regulation during test taking. Educational P sychologist, 2000, 35: 2432256 [ 5 ] Cassady JC. The influence of cognitive test anxiety across the learning2testing cycle. L earning and Instuction, 2004, 14: 5692 592 [ 6 ]L azarus RS. P rogress on a cognitive2motivational2relational theo2 ry of emotion. Am erican P sychologist, 1991c, 46: 8192834 [ 7 ] Beniam in M, M ckeachie W J, L in YG, et al. Test anxiety: Deficits in inform ation p rocessing. chology, 1981, 73: 8162824 Journal of Educational P sy2 [ 8 ]Culler RE, Holahan CJ. Test anxiety and academ ic perform ance: the effects of study2relacted behaviorṡ P sychology, 1980, 72: 16220 Journal of Educational [ 9 ]. (D )., 2001 [ 10 ]Bandura A. Hum an agency in social l2cognitive theory. Am eri2 can P sychologist, 1989, 44: 117521184 [ 11 ]Bandalos DL, Yates K, Thorndik2Christ T. Effects of m ath self2concep t, perceived self2efficacy, and attributions for failure and success on test anxiety. Journal of Educational P sychology, 1995, 87: 6112623
222 2007 15 3 China Journal of Health P sychology 2007, Vol 15,No. 3 3 928, 928, 475 (51. 296), 453 (48. 8% ) (P < 0. 05); (P < 0. 05); ( ), ( ) ; Investiga tion of Ch ildren and Fam ily D ynam ics Character in Kunm ing C ity. Y ang L i, Y ao J ian, H uang Chaohong, et al. D ep artm ent of W om en and Child ren of Y unnan M ental H osp ital. K unm ing 650224, P. R. China Abstract Objective To study the fam ily dynam ics character of ch ildren in Kunm ing C ity. M ethods 928 students w ho cam e from th ree schools w h ich local in city, countryside and theirs junction respectively in Panlong area, in grade four or grade five, w ere investigated w ith fam ily dynam ic check list (FDC I) and self2com p iled questionnaire, then analyses fam ily dy2 nam ic character and som e relative factorṡ Results In 928 students, ch ildren s sex has different effect on fam ily air, system logic, disease concep t (P < 0. 05); fam ily living environm en t has differen t effect on individuateand system logic, fam ily con2 figuration (only2ch ild or not) has ligh t effect on fam ily dynam ic (P < 0. 05). Conclusion Both ch ildren s sex and fam ily liv2 ing environm en t have obvious effect on fam ily dynam ic, com paratively fam ily configuration (on ly2ch ild o r no t) has ligh t effect on fam ily dynam ic. Key words Fam ily dynam ics; System 2fam ily therapy, [1 ], 1 1. 1 1, 957, 491 (51. 3% ), 466 (48. 7% ), 9 14, 10. 5 3. 2, 1. 2 : (1) : [1 ] 29, 4, ;, ;, ; 1 2 3 4 5, (2) : ( ) ( ) 957, 928, 96. 9%, 475 (51. 2% ); 453 (48. 8% ) 1. 3 SPSS 11. 5 2 928, 23. 81 7. 67; 22. 31 5. 01; 16. 57 4. 45; 11. 95 3. 82 (P < 0. 05); (P < 0. 05); ( ), 1 2 [12 ],. (J )., 2003, 26 (1) : 1532154 [ 13 ]H em bree R. Correlates, causes, ef f ects, and treatm ent of test anx iety. R eview of Educational R esearch, 1988, 58: 47277 [ 14 ],,. (J )., 2003, 11 (2) : 98299 ( : 2006208222). ( ) 650224 E2m ail: yanglikm @gm ail. com