2002,22 (1) :59 Journal of Triticeae Crops. Ξ 1,2, 1, 1, 2, 1 (1., 100094 ; 2., 010031) :30 20, F 1, 0. 652, 0. 404, 111. 39 %, 11. 14 %,,,,, :; ; ; ; :S 512. 035 :A :100921041 (2002) 0120005205 Study on Wheat Heterotic Group. Relationships bet ween Microsatellite Markers2based Genetic Distance and Heterosis bet ween T. aestivum and T. spelt a CUI Guo2hui 1,2, NI Zhong2f u 1, WU Li2min 1, L I Yuan2qing 2, SUN Qi2xin 1 (1. Department of Plant Genetics & Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100094, China ; 2. Institute of Crop Research, Inner2Mongolia Academy of Agricultural Science,Huhehot 010031, China) Abstract : Microsatellite marker based genetic distance ( GD) between spelt wheat and common wheat were esti2 mated, and their relationship with heterosis, F 1 performance and specific combining abilities of 8 characters in 30 interspecific hybrids and 20 common wheat hybrids were tested. The result s suggested t hat t he heterosis of in2 terspecific hybrids between common wheat and spelt wheat was significantly higher t han t hat of common wheat hybrids, and the mean GD value was 0. 652 between spelt wheat and common wheat,and 0. 404 within common wheat varieties. The yield heterosis was 111. 39 % for interspecific hybrids and 11. 14 % for common wheat hy2 brids. The result s indicated t hat GD and heterosis were not correlated eit her for intervarietal hybrids or interspe2 cific hybrids. However, when pooling t he intervarietal and interspecific hybrids toget her, GD was significantly correlated wit h heterosis. The result indicated t hat t he heterosis could be enhanced when t he genetic diversity was broadened f rom intervarietal hybrids to interspecific hybrids. It was concluded t hat t he development of t he hybrids between common wheat and spelt wheat could broaden t he genetic basis for hybrid wheat breeding and raise t he heterosis potential. Key words : Common wheat ; Spelt wheat ; Microsatellite markers ; Genetic distance ; Heterosis Ξ :2001205228 :2001208220 : (5991001) ;(962002202204) : (1962 - ),,,, :010262893426
6 22,,,,,( RFL P RAPD SSR ) DNA,,,, Lee [1 ] RFL P,RFL P F 1 Smith [2 ] 37 F 1 3 152,,F 1 Jain [3 ] RAPD,,,RAPD, [4 ] RAPD, Martin [5 ] STS F 1, Barbosa2Neto [6 ] 722,RFL P [79 ],,,,, 1 1. 1 1 Female Interspecific crosses Male 1 Table 1 The parents of diallel crosses of two groups tested in this study Female Intervarietal crosses 3338 PI295062 3338 F390 Male 3330 Serlel 3235 3214 CAU 3214 2410 TD Altgold 227 411 Jing 411 109 Shi 109 Hubel 101 6 Jingdong 6 7123 Henshui 7123 Di4 8790 YD 8790 97 26 972Intro26 1. 2 1. 2. 1 [9 ] 1. 2. 2 1998 1 5 6 () 4 5 ( ),3,3,2 m,30, 10,:(cm) (cm) (g) (g) (g) ( HM) ( HP), (A GROSYS) ( %) = F 1-100 % ( %) = F 1-100 %
1 :. 7 2 2. 1 30 20 2 3 2 3,111. 39 %45. 72 %,39. 39 % 12. 08 %() ; 11. 14 %11. 55 %, 0. 57 %0. 12 % (), 2 Table 2 Heterosis of every character of interspecif ic hybrids between common wheat and spelt wheat % Range Heterosis ( HM) Plus crosses Minus crosses Plant height - 0. 6935. 77 29 1 20. 81 Length of main head - 7. 6310. 07 14 16 0. 67 Spikelets of main head - 3. 258. 73 27 3 4. 08 Heads per plant 0. 5948. 9 30 0 24. 13 Kernel numbers of main head - 2. 5127. 62 25 5 12. 76 Yield per plant 29. 99242. 3 30 0 111. 39 % 10002kernel weight 4. 0489. 79 30 0 45. 72 Grain weight per head 17. 8313. 12 30 0 62. 77 3 Table 3 Heterosis of every character within intervarietal crosses Heterosis ( HM) % Range Plus crosses Minus crosses % Plant height - 4. 8814. 78 18 2 7. 76 Length of main head - 7. 298. 41 4 16 2. 06 Spikelets of main head - 16. 085. 70 10 10-2. 23 Heads per plant - 11. 6914. 15 7 13-1. 19 Kernel numbers of main head - 12. 8711. 61 12 8 0. 24 Yield per plant - 16. 9645. 87 16 4 11. 14 10002kernel weight - 8. 8725. 51 1 19 11. 55 Grain weight per head - 13. 8525. 84 17 3 11. 28 2. 2 4 4, ( 0. 652) ( 0. 404),, (2 3), Di4 5 0. 70,Di4, 3338/ Di4,37. 7 % 19. 3 %119. 3 %, 30 3214 3338 0. 366, ( ),
8 22 F 1 5 5,, 1 %;, F 1 1 %,F 1, (SCA),F 1 4 ( GD) Table 4 Microsatellite markers2based genetic distance between parents tested in this study Parents PI295062 Serlel Altgold Hubel Di4 972Intro26 3330 0. 608 0. 596 0. 646 0. 647 0. 71 0. 606 2410 TD 0. 661 0. 701 0. 717 0. 663 0. 712 0. 678 109 Shi 109 0. 688 0. 689 0. 72 0. 599 0. 721 0. 667 0. 652 7123 Hengshui 7123 0. 638 0. 603 0. 613 0. 596 0. 701 0. 585 3338 0. 621 0. 597 0. 664 0. 634 0. 712 0. 567 Parents F390 6 Jingdong 6 411 Jing 411 3214 CAU 3214 8790 YD 8790 3338 0. 41 0. 499 0. 506 0. 366 0. 367 3235 0. 378 0. 392 0. 437 0. 423 0. 415 227 0. 235 0. 321 0. 351 0. 367 0. 314 0. 404 101 0. 444 0. 456 0. 375 0. 462 0. 549 5 ( GD) F 1 Table 5 The corelation coeff icient among heterosis, F 1 characters, the specif ic combining ability and genetic distance detected by microsatellites markers Plant height Spike length Spikelets of main spike Spikes of plant Grain numbers of main spike Yield per plant 10002grain weight Grain weight per spike F 1 0. 6420 3 3 0. 8194 3 3 0. 8279 3 3-0. 7300 3 3-0. 1255-0. 6849 3 3 0. 2430-0. 1836 Pooling interspecific HM 0. 4512 3 3-0. 1781 0. 5032 3 3 0. 6166 3 3 0. 5517 3 3 0. 711 3 3 0. 5793 3 3 0. 7968 3 3 and intervarietal hybrids SCA - 0. 0358-0. 0097 0. 06208 0. 0632-0. 0187-0. 0356-0. 0243-0. 0044 F 1-0. 3735-0. 2495 0. 1682-0. 1017 0. 1546-0. 0355-0. 3371 0. 1202 Interspecific hybrids HM - 0. 3015-0. 3827-0. 0211 0. 0202 0. 2382 0. 2028-0. 3951 0. 1739 SCA - 0. 2393-0. 1157 0. 0622 0. 0293 0. 0262 0. 0464-0. 1193 0. 0821 F 1-0. 3418-0. 0126 0. 2772 0. 1488-0. 2392-0. 1607-0. 0849-0. 2598 Intervarietal hybrids HM - 0. 2128 0. 1840 0. 188-0. 0761-0. 1054-0. 0161 0. 2040 0. 0847 SCA 0. 0255 0. 0514 0. 1805 0. 2671-0. 0841 0. 1109 0. 0128-0. 0380 : 3 3 3 5 %1 % Note : 3, 3 3 refert to the 5 % and 1 % significant levels, respectively. 3,,,, [1,2,10,11 ], [12 ],
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