Spatial Distribution of Nitrogen Contamination in Karst Aquifer in Guilin Peak Forest Plain

26 3 2013 3 Research of Environmental Sciences Vol 26 No 3 Mar 2013 J 2013 26 3 281-286 WANG Kairan GUO Fang JIANG Guanghui et al Spatial distribution of nitrogen contamination in karst aquifer in Guilin peak forest plain J Research of Environmental Sciences 2013 26 3 281-286 1 2 1* 1 1 2 1 2 1 541004 2 400715 27 NO - 3 -N ρ NO - 3 -N N 9 15 mg L 10 mg L ρ NH + 4 -N ρ NO - 2 -N NO - 2 -N NH + 4 -N NO - 2 -N ρ NO - 3 -N 0 088 ~ 46 700 mg L NO - 3 -N NO - 3 -N ρ NO - 3 -N P64 X523 A 1001-6929 2013 03-0281 - 06 Spatial Distribution of Nitrogen Contamination in Karst Aquifer in Guilin Peak Forest Plain WANG Kai-ran 1 2 GUO Fang 1 JIANG Guang-hui 1 CHEN Guo-fu 1 2 ZHOU Wen-liang 1 2 1 Key Laboratory of Karst Dynamics Institute of Karst Geology CAGS Guilin 541004 China 2 College of Geographical Sciences Southwest University Chongqing 400715 China Abstract To determine the characteristics of nitrogen contamination in karst aquifer in the east Guilin samples of the surface and groundwater were sampled according to the stratigraphic structure and patterns of the land use The results showed that the groundwater in the eastern Guilin was contaminated by nitrate The average concentration of NO - 3 -N was 9 15 mg L which was on the edge of unsuitable for drinking water according to the National Quality Standard of Groundwater 10 mg L NH + 4 -N was basically not detected and the concentration of NO - 2 -N was also very low which mainly existed in the surface water These two forms of nitrogen were not the main types of the underground water in this area Different patterns of the land use had different NO - 3 -N levels ranging from 0 088 to 46 700 mg L The main source of NO - 3 -N pollution in the shallow groundwater was sewage and cattle manure in the residential area Organic fertilizer used for vegetable planting was the source of NO - 3 -N pollution in the agricultural area In addition influenced by the hydrogeology condition the concentration of NO - 3 -N had a rising trend with the flow direction of the groundwater in this area Key words peak forest plain area karst aquifer nitrogen pollution spatial distribution 6-7 1-5 8 2012-09 - 10 2013-01 - 03 41102161 41172231 41101036 1987 - wkr8708206611@ 163 com * 1978 - gfkarst@ 126 com

282 26 9 2 1 2 1 2012 6 16 11 60 km 2 GPS WTW Multi340i T ph EC ρ DO E h Merck 0 ~ 3 m ρ Ca 2 + ρ HCO - 3 20 m 600 ml 2 10 4 24 h ρ NH + 4 -N ρ NO - 2 -N 1 11 ρ NH + 4 -N ρ NO - 2 -N α- g1 ~ g16 s17 ~ s27 ρ NO - 3 -N ρ Cl - 2 ρ SO - 4 2 1% Excel 2003 Origin 8 5 ρ NO - 3 -N ρ NH + 4 -N ρ NO - 2 -N N 2 2 GB T 14848 1993 5 12 ρ NO - 3 -N Ⅰ 2 0 mg L Ⅱ 2 0 ~ 5 0 mg L Ⅲ 5 0 ~ 20 mg L Ⅳ 20 ~ 30 mg L Ⅴ > 30 mg L Ⅲ ρ NO - 3 -N 10 mg L 13 3 3 1 1 Fig 1 Schematic of the study area 1 1 ρ NO - 3 -N 0 088 ~ 46 700 mg L 9 150 mg L g5 1 915 mm ρ NO - 3 -N 46 700 mg L S31 D 3 r 10 0 088 mg L GB T 14848

3 283 g8 g9 g10 g11 g12 g13 g14 g15 g16 1 Table 1 Hydrochemical index and three nitrogen content in the study area EC ph μs cm ρ mg L NH 4 + -N NO 2 - -N NO 3 - -N DO Cl - SO 4 2 - g1 S31 7 23 421 0 088 6 76 1 08 16 89 244 17 g2 7 48 389 0 001 5 2 156 11 02 1 59 17 63 219 25 g3 7 26 287 0 062 0 000 9 0 183 2 05 1 42 20 03 156 84 g4 7 25 356 1 784 2 17 1 91 18 51 200 28 g5 6 74 1 070 0 008 8 46 700 1 33 53 22 125 25 555 10 g6 7 14 442 0 048 6 3 107 1 91 4 06 23 17 236 06 g7 7 22 520 0 012 2 11 493 3 61 5 47 31 89 237 16 7 02 509 0 020 1 4 064 1 62 3 48 34 85 270 59 7 01 800 0 001 5 16 296 4 73 5 40 32 24 277 85 6 97 902 33 380 3 28 15 02 43 36 358 82 6 78 538 6 250 2 93 4 53 7 27 230 26 7 16 692 28 609 3 80 15 74 44 78 340 56 6 89 946 0 001 8 6 291 1 94 34 04 68 61 359 82 8 14 694 0 019 5 3 353 1 60 16 20 38 34 171 70 6 82 552 0 001 2 22 578 5 24 7 98 39 31 259 38 7 08 657 0 023 0 001 2 35 297 4 34 13 75 31 50 313 63 s17 7 33 855 0 033 4 2 725 4 75 5 39 16 40 186 97 s18 7 46 355 0 001 5 10 70 1 30 20 40 200 43 s19 7 64 364 0 152 0 1 030 8 25 1 97 14 20 207 44 s20 7 35 344 0 062 0 028 6 1 269 7 45 1 96 15 58 169 80 s21 7 22 480 0 009 1 2 547 0 82 4 57 28 84 254 33 s22 7 28 405 0 001 8 3 003 6 68 5 46 30 58 205 79 s23 7 24 418 0 550 2 1 118 4 59 5 19 29 95 211 34 s24 7 41 380 0 170 2 1 666 4 74 4 58 20 98 209 34 s25 7 80 315 0 576 0 164 2 0 759 12 91 4 74 19 78 169 95 s26 7 41 342 0 303 0 307 0 0 616 5 97 4 65 20 47 190 67 s27 7 21 333 0 465 1 1 617 5 05 5 35 15 85 178 66 1993 2 27 ρ NO - 3 -N 2 0 mg L 37% ρ NO - 3 -N 2 0 ~ 5 0 mg L 26% ρ NO - 3 -N 5 0 ~ 20 mg L 15% 19% ρ NO - 3 -N > 20 mg L GB T 14848 1993 Ⅲ ρ NO - 3 -N 10 mg L 44% ρ NO - 3 -N 3 2 NO - 3 -N ρ NO - 3 -N 3 EC > 300 μs cm 14 2 ρ NO - 3 -N Fig 2 The concentration of NO EC - 3 -N frequency chart of the water in the study area NO - 3 -N NO - 3 -N EC C a 2 +

284 26 3 ρ NO - 3 -N 4 1 Fig 3 Spatial distribution of water concentration of NO - 3 -N in the study area NH + 4 -N ρ NO - 2 -N ρ NO - 2 -N s19 s23 s24 s25 s26 s27 ρ NH + 4 -N s25 s26 15-16 ρ NO - 3 -N 13 852 mg L ρ NO - 2 -N ρ NO - 3 -N 3 mg L 1 635 mg L Cl - 16 2 NH + 4 -N ρ NH + 4 -N 17 ρ Cl - ρ Cl - NO - 3 -N 11 56 mg L 4 15 mg L NH + 4 -N NO - 3 -N ρ Cl - NH + 4 -N 14 NO - 3 -N Cl - 25 NO - 3 -N DO ρ DO 2 0 mg L 1998 Desimone 20 NO - 3 -N ρ DO 2 ~ 6 mg L ρ DO 1 g1 g2 ρ DO > 6 0 mg L ρ DO 1 33 ~ 5 24 mg L 3 645 mg L ρ DO 0 82 ~ 12 91 mg L 6 537 mg L ρ DO DO NO - 3 -N 4 21-24 TN DO NO - 3 -N g1 g2 g3 g4 18 ρ DO < 0 2 mg L Ritter 19 NO - 3 -N

3 285 NO - 3 -N g5 g10 g16 ρ NO - 3 -N > > 4 2 4 2 1 26 3 6 70% ~ 80% 9 12 3 4 8 9 3 4 6 7 5 6 7 D 3 r C 1 y 4 6 Fig 4 Sketch map of groundwater in the study area 4 2 2 ph ρ NO - 3 -N 5 29 4 1 ~ 10 m 1 2 0 ~ 3 m 5 EC ph ρ NO - 3 -N Fig 5 Trend of EC ph and the concentration of 8 NO - 3 -N of the undergroundwater sampling ρ NO - sites along the groundwater flow 3 -N 27-28 CaCO 3 EC

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