II 665.75/76 (01)..,..,..,.. (),,. Аи.. - -, -., -. -. - -. Ке ые :,,,,. -, -., - Д1 ]., -, -,, -. - - - - -,. - - -. - (),,. - (8-50) 10, - (45-100) 10-800 - 900 900-1000, - - 40-490 ДЖ. -., - - (, - ), ( ). -,., -,,,. -, -, - - ( Веи Си АДИ, ы 6 (5), 016 9
α), - -, -, - [1,]. - - - -,, -,. - -, -, -. -, (. 1) [4]. -,, - -., ; - p i,, z, Нp/Нφ, - ( i = f(φ), dx i /d φ = f (φ), φ ), -. - b i b e ( )., - - : - N e G. -.,. - -,,,, -.. - m. - φ, (dp/dφ) - (dp/dφ) max. - -. - (.. 1). -, / : ω dp m z c p = = = dφ φ z φc m φ p tgα, (1) d φ, -, ; φ z, φ -, z (. 1), ( ); m p, m φ, ; α, z (. 1),. [4]. - ω = ( - 6) 10 /. () ω (1,4-1,6) 10 /. () ω = (8 1) 10 /, -, -. c 0 Веи Си АДИ, ы 6 (5), 016
P, P c ( я я) : я : (dp/dϕ) max = tgα 1 ; ( я я я 1-m) c : 1 (dp/dϕ). = tgα ; ( я я я 1-P max ) m P max P c max P c P.1 ;. я;. m я;. P max ; P c я ( ); P щ ; - я. α 1 α -60-40 -0 +0 +40 O К σ dσ dϕ Х : σ - я; dσ dϕ - я. σ - ( я ) dσ dϕ O К x x dx dϕ x dx dϕ Х я: - я - я я dx dϕ -60-40 -0 +0 +40 O К ϕ. 1. ; - - (/ ) dp mp ω = = tgαm, () dφ m φ max α m, Веи Си АДИ, ы 6 (5), 016 1
- (. 1). -, -, b Т, b, bцi σ в =. () b. -,,, -,. - = 0, - 0,5, = 0,8-1,0 [4].,,,. -,, -,. - - -,. -, -, -. (. 1) - (, -,,,,.). -,, -, - - ц (. 1). - [4, 5, 6Ж, - : -.,., -.1 -, -. Д4Ж.. 1 -,. - -, - (),, - Д4 6]. - -. -, - p z., -., - [6]., -, - / φ, -. -, -. - - Д4, 6]. Веи Си АДИ, ы 6 (5), 016
05-01 - ( CH4) - () CH8 C4H10 CHOH CH5OH - () CHOCH - () 1 H :, gc 0,865 0,855 0,75 0,818 0,88 0,75 0,8 0,5 0,77, gh 0,10 0,10 0,5 0,18 0,17 0,15 0,10 0,10 0,1, go 0,005 0,005 0,500 0,48 0,48 0,11 1, gs 0,01 0,01, µ, / 0 5 16 44 58 46 46 94, ρ, 0, / 86 80 0,66 50 578 791 810 660 88 0,08-180 60 ( ), p = 0,1, / 0 40 Q, / ( ) 180 40 161,58 4 0,6 65 78 5 511 (t = 161,58 ) 40 90 1160 910 410 (t = 0 ) 50 50 5,8 4,8 4, 50 46,5 45,75 19,6 6,9 7,6 7,5 10 45 1 () 5 () 8 () > 55 5 56 l0,./. 14,41 14,51 17,4 15,68 15,45 6,465 8,98 8,98 1,51 4,48 L0,./. 0,498 0,500 0,658 0,564 0,550 0,54 0, 0,10 0,4 1,69 - Q /l0, / - ( p = 1 ),,97,966,90,956,96,0,995,07,998,48 50 650 504 40 450 40 5 10
. - [1]. -, -. φ p z. - ( / φ) max - 0,5 /( ) [5-0 /( )Ж. - θ,, -. θ,, θ. - φ = 18... - - [].. - [14]., i ( 1 ), -, i (, 4 5) - Д4]. - - -. - -. -. -. - -, i -. 8,0 ϕ 1 o. = Pz Pz Pz 6,0 4,0 ϕ. = o 17 o 9 o Pz P,0 0-0 -0-10 10 0 0 40 ϕ ο К.. (φ 0 ) 05-8 [1]. 4,, - [15]. ( ) - ( ). - : - ;., -,.. 5., - Д4Ж - 615/18-05-8 50 % 50 % -. -. - Д15, 16Ж, - 4 Веи Си АДИ, ы 6 (5), 016
- [4]... : 1-05-8; - 05-8; - 1044-75; 4 - -1 1667-71; 5 - - 1667-71 [14] 6, 5,6 4,9 4, P,5 1-1 -8-4 0 4 8 1 16 ϕ ο К 4 5 6,0 4,0,0 P, 4 1 6,0 4,0,0 P, 4 1 0 ) ϕ, ο 0 К ϕ, ο К ) 6,0 4,0,0 P, 4 1 6,0 4,0,0 P, 4 1 0 ) ϕ, ο К 0 ϕ, ο К ). 4. 6 15/18, [15]: 0 % + 78 % + % ; 0 % + 76 % + 4 % ; 15 % + 8 % + % ; 15 % + 81 % + 4 %.. : 1 N = N ; N = 0,75 N ; N = 0,5 N ; 4 N = 0,5 N. e e e e Веи Си АДИ, ы 6 (5), 016 5
5%+75% 50%+50% 75%+5% Pc, 4861,6 4861,6 4861,6 4861,5 - Pz, 7705,84 71,54 66,84 4875,51 Pb, 91,7 99, 411, 45,1 Tb, 88, 85,6 878,5 99,0 Tmax, 1514,0 149,7 1458,58 1414, Pint, 150, 150, 150, 150, a,67,64,6,61 P, - 50 % 50 % ; - ; - я. 69 o 49 ' 78 o ' 180 195 10 5 40 55 70 85 00 15 0 45 60 75 90 405 40 45 450 465 480 495 510 55 540. 5. 615/18,, - - - - -. - ( - 0 50 % ), - ) [1, 4, 5]. 1.,.. -. 1. : //..,..,.... :.., 005. 479..,.. -... - : //..,..,.... :.., 005. 414..,.. - :, /..,..,...,, 004. 44. 4.,.. - /..,... : 6 Веи Си АДИ, ы 6 (5), 016
(), 01. 17. 5.,.. - / //..,..,.... : - -..., 008. 14. 6.,.. /..,..,.. // /. -. 014. 4..18 8. 7.,.. : /..,..,..,.. :, 006. 80. 8.,.. - - :.... /.... : 1984. 4. 9. : URL: http://www.altfuel.ru. 10.,... - : /... : -..-., 1990. 89. 11.,.. - /.... :, 1989. 80. 1.,.. - :,, /..,.... : ACT., 004. 18. 1.,.. - /..,..,..,.... :, 1967. 496. 14.,.. - () /.... : -, 1969. 04. 15.,.. - /.... : -, 1980. 149. 16.,.. /.. - //... 4.., 1981.. 7 41. A DIESEL ENGINE OPERATION BY USING ALTERNATIVE FUELS V. R. Vedruchenko, V. V. Krainov, E. S. Lazarev, P. V. Litvinov Abstract. The short survey and analyze of diesel operation indexes working on liquid fuels is shown. The analytic and graphic interpretation of the indicator diagram, characteristics of fuel injection and heat release, harshness of working cycle are given. The influence of standard and alternative fuel types on diesel operation parameters is analyzed by experimenting on a high-speed diesel engine test bench. The results of diesel tests on diesel fuel and liquefied oil gas mixes are examined. The modelling results of diesel working on a mix of liquefied oil gas and standard diesel fuel are analyzed. Keywords: indicator process, diesel fuel, alternative fuel, indicator diagram, fuel supply and heat release. References 1. Lukanin, V. N. Dvigateli vnutrennego sgoraniya. Kniga 1. Teoriya rabochih processov / Uchebnik dlya vuzov // V. N. Lukanin, M. G. SHatrov, T. YU. Krichevskaya i dr. M.: Vyssh. shk., 005. 479 s.. Lukanin, V. N. Dvigateli vnutrennego sgoraniya. Kniga. Komp'yuternyj praktikum. Modelirovanie processov v DVS / Uchebnik dlya vuzov // V. N. Lukanin, M. G. SHatrov, T. YU. Krichevskaya i dr. M.: Vyssh. shk., 005. 414 s.. Sharoglazov, B. A. Dvigateli vnutrennego sgoraniya: teoriya, modelirovanie i raschet processov / B. A. SHaroglazov, M. F. Farafontov, V. V. Klemen't'ev. CHelyabinsk, YUUrGU, 004. 44 s. 4. Vedruchenko, V. R. Al'ternativnye vidy topliva dlya sudovyh dizelej / V. R. Vedruchenko, I. I. Malahov. Omsk, Omskij institut vodnogo transporta (filial) FBOU VPO «NGAVT». 01. 17 s. 5. Fofanov, G. A. Al'ternativnye vidy topliva na podvizhnom sostave zheleznodorozhnogo transporta / Trudy VNIIZHTa // G. A. Fofanov, D. N. Grigorovich, A. S. Nestrahov. M.: Nauchno-issledovatel'skij in-t zh.d. transp., 008. 14 s. 6. Vedruchenko, V. R. Razrabotka priblizhennoj matematicheskoj modeli svyazi processov vpryska i sgo-raniya topliva v dizel'nyh ehnergeticheskih ustanovkah lokomotivov / V. R. Vedruchenko, V. V. Krajnov, E. S. Lazarev // Izvestiya Transsiba. Omskij gos. un-t putej soobshcheniya. Omsk. 014. 4. S.18 8. 7. Albaev, A. R. Proizvodstvo i primenenie biodizelya: spravochnoe posobie / A. R. Al-baev, F. M. Gumerov, V. G., Semenov i dr. M.: APR i PPRO, 006. 80 s. 8. Alejnikov, Yu. P. Povyshenie ehnergoehkologicheskih pokazatelej dizelej zheleznodorozhnogo transporta primeneniem sinteticheskih spirtov: avtoref. diss. kand. tekhn. nauk / YU. P. Alejnikov. M.: 1984. 4 s. 9. Al'ternativnye vidy topliva: URL: http://www.altfuel.ru. 10. Vedruchenko, V. R. Toplivoispol'zovanie v teplovoznyh dvigatelyah. Sistemnye me-tody issledovanij: uchebnoe posobie / V. R. Vedruchenko. Omsk: Omskij in-t inzh. zh.-d. transporta, 1990. 89 s. 11. Erofeev, V. L. Ispol'zovanie perspektivnyh topliv v sudovyh ehnergeticheskih ustanovkah / V. L. Erofeev. L.: Sudostroenie, 1989. 80 s. 1. Emel'yanov, V. E. Al'ternativnye ehkologicheski chistye vidy topliva dlya avtomobi-lej: svojstva, raznovidnosti, primenenie / V. E. Emel'yanov, I. F. Krylov. M.: ACT. Ast-rel', 004. 18 s. Веи Си АДИ, ы 6 (5), 016 7
1. Arhangel'skij, V. M. Avtomobil'nye dvigateli / V. M. Arhangel'skij, M. M. Vihert, A. N. Voinov, YU. A. Stepanov. M.:Mashinostroenie, 1967. 496 s. 14. Handov, Z. A. Sudovye dvigateli vnutrennego sgoraniya (teoriya) / Z. A. Handov. M. Transport, 1969. 04 s. 15. Mamedova, M. D. Rabota dizelya na szhizhennom gaze / M. E. Mamedova. M.: Mashinostroenie, 1980.149 s. 16. Vedruchenko, V. R. Metodika indicirovaniya sredneoborotnogo sudovogo dizelya / V. R. Vedruchenko // Peredovoj opyt i novaya tekhnika. CB NTI MRF. Vyp. 4. M., 1981. S. 7 41. (, - ),, - (644046,.,., 5, e-mail: vedruchenko@mail.ru). (, ) -, (644046,.,., 5, e-mail: KrainovVV@omgups.ru). (, ) (644046,.,., 5, e-mail: Incoe@yandex.ru). (, ) - (644046,.,., 5, e-mail: p_vasilich55@mail.ru). Victor R. Vedruchenko (Omsk, Russian Federation) Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor, Department of Heat Energy, Omsk State Transport University (644046, Marks avenue, 5, Omsk, e-mail: vedruchenko@mail.ru). Vasily V. Krainov (Omsk, Russian federation), Candidate of Technical Sciences, Associate Professor, Department Of Heat Energy, Omsk State Transport University (644046, Marks avenue, 5, Omsk, e- mail: KrainovVV@omgups.ru). Yevgeny S. Lazarev (Omsk, Russian Federation) Lector, Department of Heat Energy, Omsk State Transport University (644046, Marks avenue, 5, Omsk, e-mail Incoe@yandex.ru). Pavel V. Litvinov (Omsk, Russian Federation) post graduate student of the Heat Energy Department of the Omsk State Transport University (644046, Marks avenue, 5, Omsk, e-mail: p_vasilich55@mail.ru). 656.05 " "..,..,.. «()»,., Аи. И, - -, -. -,., -,, - - -.,,, -. -.,,, -., - - -. -. Ке ые : -,, -,,. 8 Веи Си АДИ, ы 6 (5), 016