Coimisiún na Scrúduithe Stáit State Examinations Commission ANCIENT GREEK ORDINARY LEVEL

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1 2014. M. 1 Coimisiún na Scrúduithe Stáit State Examinations Commission LEAVING CERTIFICATE EXAMINATION, 2014 ANCIENT GREEK ORDINARY LEVEL (400 marks) TIME: 3 Hours WEDNESDAY, 18 JUNE MORNING Page 1 of 8

2 1. Translate into English any two of the passages A, B, C, D. (All passages carry equal marks):- [210] A. (In contrast to normal practice in other Greek states, Lycurgus, the Spartan lawgiver, laid down strict rules to govern the behaviour of young Spartan men.) di' o0li/gou de\ oi9 pai=dej ou0ke/ti pai=de/j ei0sin, a)lla_ neani/ai gi/gnontai: e1peita d' oi9 me\n a!lloi 3Ellhnej pau/ousin au0tou\j a)po\ paidagwgw~n kai\ a)po\ didaska&lwn, ou0dei\j de\ a!rxei au0tw~n, a)ll' au0tono/mouj a)pope/mpousin: e0n de\ th= Sparth= o9 Lukou=rgoj plei/stouj me\n po/nouj au0toi=j e0pe/bale, plei/sthn de\ a)sxoli/an e0mhxanh/sato. ei]de ga_r o3ti e0n toi=j thlikou/toij me/giston me\n fro/nhma& e0sti, megi/sth de\ u3brij, i0sxuro/tatai de\ e0piqu/miai tw~n h9donw~n. e0n de\ tai=j o9doi=j e0ke/leusen au0tou\j e0nto\j me\n tou= i9mati/ou ta_j xei=raj e1xein, sigh = de\ poreu/esqai, perible/pein de\ mhdamoi=, a)ll' au0ta_ ta_ pro\ tw~n podw~n o9ra~n. e0kei/nwn d' h[tton a2n fwnh\n a)kou/saij h2 tw~n liqi/nwn. XENOPHON (105) paidagwgo/j: tutor. au0to/nomoj: independent. a)sxoli/a: business, lack of leisure. mhxana&omai: I devise. oi9 thlikou=toi: those of such an age. fro/nhma: arrogance. u3brij: insolence. e0piqumi/a: desire. i9ma&tion: cloak. mhdamoi=: in no direction. h[tton a2n a)kou/saij: you would be less likely to hear. li/qinon: stone statue. B. (During the war against Athens Brasidas leads the Spartan army to the town of Acanthus. The Acanthians, unsure whether to side with him, agree to admit him alone into their town to hear what he has to say.) e0n de\ tw~ au0tw ~ qe/rei eu0qu\j o9 Brasi/daj e0pi\ 1Akanqon o0li/gon pro\ trugh/tou e0stra&teusen. oi9 de\ 0Aka&nqioi peri\ tou= de/xesqai au0to\n kat' a)llh/louj e0stasi/azon, oi9 me\n e0qe/lontej au0to\n kai\ tou\j stratiw&taj ei0selqei=n, oi9 de\ ou1. o3mwj de\ fobou/menoi peri\ tou= karpou= e1ti e1cw th=j po/lewj o1ntoj, oi9 poli=tai pei/qontai u9po\ tou= Brasi/dou de/casqai/ te au0to\n mo/non kai\ a)kou/santej bouleu/sasqai: kai\ katasta_j e0pi\ to\ plh=qoj (h]n de\ ou0k a)du/natoj, w(j Lakedaimo/nioj, ei0pei=n) e1lege toia&de. oi9 Lakedaimo/nioi e0ce/pemya&n me kai\ th\n stratia&n, w} 0Aka&nqioi, boulo/menoi e0leuqerou=n th\n 9Ella&da polemou=ntej toi=j 0Aqhnai/oij. bohqou=ntej de\ h9mi=n, sw&sete ou0 mo/non u9ma~j te au0tou\j kai\ ta_ i1dia, a)lla_ kai\ tou\j 3Ellhnaj. THUCYDIDES (105) qe/roj: summer. tru/ghtoj: harvest. stasia&zw: I quarrel, am at odds. karpo/j: crop. bouleu/omai: I make a decision. katasta&j: presenting himself. plh=qoj: the people. ta_ i1dia: your own property Page 2 of 8

3 C. (The Muse, goddess mother of the slain Rhesus, declares that her son will not remain dead, but that she can never meet him again.) ou0k ei]si gai/aj e0j mela&gximon pe/don: toso/nde nu/mfhn th\n e1nerq' ai0th/somai, th=j karpopoiou= pai=da Dh/mhtroj qea~j, yuxh\n a)nei=nai tou=d': o0feile/tij de/ moi tou\j 0Orfe/wj timw~sa fai/nesqai fi/louj. ka0moi\ me\n w(j qanw&n te kou0 leu/sswn fa&oj e1stai to\ loipo/n: ou0 ga_r e0j tau0to/n pote e1t' ei]sin ou0de\ mhtro\j o1yetai de/maj: krupto\j d' e0n a!ntroij th=j u(pargu/rou xqono\j a)nqrwpodai/mwn kei/setai ble/pwn fa&oj. EURIPIDES (105) ei]si: he will go. mela&gximoj: black. pe/don: soil. toso/nde: such a request. nu/mfh: bride (i.e. Persephone, Queen of the Underworld). e1nerqe: below. ai0te/omai: I ask. karpopoio/j: crop-making. a)nei=nai: to send up. o0feile/tij <e0sti>: she is under obligation to. 0Orfeu/j: Orpheus. ka0moi/ = kai\ e0moi/. kou0 = kai\ ou0. leu/ssw: I look upon. fa&oj: the light (of day). to\ loipo/n: henceforth. e0j tau0to/n ei]si: he will meet. de/maj: build, form, person. krupto/j: hidden. a!ntron: cave. u(pa&rguroj: rich in silver. xqw&n: earth. a)nqrwpodai/mwn: a man-god. D. (At the funeral of Achilles, his mother Thetis with other goddesses of the sea emerged from the sea to mourn her son. The Greeks in alarm would have rushed away if the wise Nestor had not intervened.) mh/thr d' e0c a(lo\j h]lqe su\n a)qana&th j a(li/h sin a)ggeli/hj a)i5ousa: boh\ d' e0pi\ po/nton o0rw&rei qespesi/h, u9po\ de\ tro/moj e1llabe pa&ntaj 0Axaiou/j: kai/ nu/ k' a)nai5cantej e1ban koi/laj e0pi\ nh=aj, ei0 mh\ a)nh\r kate/ruke palaia& t' polla& te ei0dw&j, Ne/stwr, ou[ kai\ pro/sqen a)ri/sth fai/neto boulh/: i1sxesq', 0Argei=oi, mh\ feu/gete, kou=roi 0Axaiw~n: mh/thr e0c a(lo\j h3de su\n a)qana&th j a(li/h sin e1rxetai, ou[ paido\j teqnho/toj a)ntio/wsa. HOMER (105) a#lj: sea. a#lioj: of the sea. a)ggeli/h: news, report. a)i5w (+ Genitive Case): I hear. o0rw&rei: (it) arose. qespe/sioj: awesome. tro/moj: trembling. k...e1ban: they would have gone. a)nai5ssw: I spring up. koi=loj: hollow. kateru/kw: I detain, hold back. palaio/j: ancient. pro/sqen: previously. boulh/: counsel. i1sxomai: I restrain myself. kou=roj: young man. teqnhw&j: dead. a)ntio/wsa (+ Genitive Case): coming to meet. Page 3 of 8

4 2. [100] (i) Translate into English:- (60) e0peidh\ de\ au0toi=j a)llhlofqoriw~n diafuga_j e0ph/rkese, pro\j ta_j e0k Dio\j w#raj eu0ma&reian e0mhxana~to a)mfiennu\j au0ta_ puknai=j te qrici\ kai\ stereoi=j de/rmasin, i9kanoi=j me\n a)mu=nai xeimw~na, dunatoi=j de\ kai\ kau/mata, kai\ ei0j eu0na_j i0ou=sin o3pwj u9pa&rxoi ta_ au0ta_ tau=ta strwmnh_ oi0kei/a te kai\ au0tofuh\j e9ka&stw : kai\ u9podw~n ta_ me\n o9plai=j, ta_ de\ de/rmasi stereoi=j kai\ a)nai/moij, tou0nteu=qen trofa_j a!lloij a!llaj e0cepo/rize, toi=j me\n e0k gh=j bota&nhn, a!lloij de\ de/ndrwn karpou/j, toi=j de\ r9i/zaj: e1sti d' oi[j e1dwken ei]nai trofh\n zw& wn a!llwn bora&n: kai\ toi=j me\n o0ligogoni/an prosh=ye, toi=j d' a)naliskome/noij u9po\ tou/twn polugoni/an, swthri/an tw ~ ge/nei pori/zwn. a3te dh\ ou]n ou0 pa&nu ti sofo\j w!n, o9 0Epimhqeu\j e1laqen au9to\n katanalw&saj ta_j duna&meij ei0j ta_ a!loga: loipo\n dh\ a)ko/smhton e1ti au0tw ~ h]n to\ a)nqrw&pwn ge/noj, kai\ h0po/rei o3 ti xrh/saito. READING GREEK (ii) Answer any four of the following questions. (Each question carries ten marks):- (40) (a) (b) (c) (d) Who is Epimetheus? What task is he undertaking, and why? Explain how Prometheus helped the human race. Write a short note about the philosopher Plato. Give the First Person, Singular Number, Present Tense of any two of these verbs underlined above: e0mhxana~to, e1dwken, pori/zwn, h]n. (e) (f) Outline briefly the story of Alkestis. Explain what you find most striking or impressive about the story of Adrastos as told by Herodotus. Page 4 of 8

5 3. Answer three of the following questions. At least one question must be chosen from Section A and one from Section B. The third question may be chosen from either Section A or Section B. (Each question carries thirty marks):- [90] A. (i) (ii) Outline the events of the final phase of the Peloponnesian War, after the failure of Athens' Sicilian Expedition. Choose any two of the following battles. Identify who fought in them, outline briefly their course, and explain their importance:- Amphipolis; Cunaxa; Mantinea; Gaugamela. (iii) Describe how Macedon became the leading power in Greece under the rule of Philip II. (iv) Describe the kind of society that existed in ancient Sparta and outline its political system. B. (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) Give an account of the life and work of Thucydides. In your opinion, how important is he as an historian? Justify your answer. Outline what is known about the life of Sophocles. What did he contribute to the development of drama? Tell briefly the plot of any one of his plays. A friend has challenged you to name the single piece of sculpture that best illustrates the brilliance of Ancient Greek art. Give your answer, justifying your choice. Write short notes on any two of the following:- Red Figure vases; the Caryatids; the Ionic column; Pediments. Page 5 of 8

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