Ανακαλύψτε τα πλεονεκτήματα της νέας σειράς ανιοντικών στηλών της Hamilton!

Transcript

1 Hamilton Anion Exchange HPLC Column Line A Complete Solution for Anion Analysis Ανακαλύψτε τα πλεονεκτήματα της νέας σειράς ανιοντικών στηλών της Hamilton! Δυνατότητα ανάλυσης των κοινών ανιόντων σε υδατικά διαλύματα Διαχωρισμοί υψηλής ανάλυσης Βελτιωμένη αντοχή και υψηλότερη διάρκεια ζωής Εξαιρετική αντοχή και σταθερότητα σε υψηλές πιέσεις έως 350 bar Δυνατότητα χρήσης με οργανικούς διαλύτες (0-100%) και σε ευρεία περιοχή ph (1-13) Ευρεία ποικιλία εφαρμογών Συμβατότητα με ποικίλες κινητές φάσεις Συμβατότητα με κάθε μοντέλο ιοντικής και υγρής χρωματογραφίας διαφόρων κατασκευαστών Εξασφαλισμένη βιοσυμβατότητα (υλικό κατασκευής PEEK)

2 ΕΙΔΙΚΑ ΧΑΡΑΚΤΗΡΙΣΤΙΚΑ ΚΑΙ ΕΦΑΡΜΟΓΕΣ Η νέα σειρά ανιονικών στηλών της Hamilton έχει σχεδιαστεί για να ανταποκρίνεται στις ειδικές απαιτήσεις που χαρακτηρίζουν την ανάλυση ανιόντων. Ο μοναδικός σχεδιασμός του υλικού πλήρωσης καθώς και η ειδική χημεία των ομοιοπολικών δεσμών στη επιφάνεια του υλικού, εξασφαλίζει άριστη αντοχή και υψηλή απόδοση διαχωρισμού καθ όλη τη διάρκεια ζωής της στήλης, ακόμη και κάτω από τις πιο αντίξοες συνθήκες. Οι συγκεκριμένες στήλες έχουν σχεδιαστεί έτσι ώστε να μπορούν να χρησιμοποιηθούν είτε με ρυθμιστικά ανθρακικά όξινα ανθρακικά διαλύματα σε οποιαδήποτε συγκέντρωση, είτε με βαθμιδωτή έκλουση υδροξειδίων, καθώς και με πολλές άλλες κινητές φάσεις. Anion Resolution Anion Fast Anion Micro Anion Trace Στήλη υψηλής ανάλυσης με εξαιρετική διαχωριστική ικανότητα Επιτυγχάνει γρήγορο διαχωρισμό του συνόλου των κοινών ανιόντων σε χρόνο μικρότερο των 15 λεπτών Υψηλή ανάλυση των κοινών ανιόντων Διαχωρισμός των κοινών ανιόντων και των οξυαλογονούχων ιόντων Υψηλός ρυθμός τροφοδοσίας δείγματος Εξαιρετικός λόγος μεταξύ ικανοποιητικής απόδοσης και μικρού χρόνου ανάλυσης Ιδανική για το διαχωρισμό και την απομόνωση πολύ μικρών ποσοτήτων δείγματος Βελτιωμένος λόγος σήματος προς θόρυβο για την ανάλυση των πολύ χαμηλών συγκεντρώσεων, σε εύρος ppb Δυνατότητα σύγχρονου προσδιορισμού χαμηλών και υψηλών συγκεντρώσεων ιόντων σε έναν μόνο κύκλο ανάλυσης Κατάλληλη για μεσαίες και χαμηλές συγκεντρώσεις του δείγματος, 1 έως 500 ppm Μπορεί να χρησιμοποιηθεί με micro αντλίες σε χαμηλό ρυθμό ροής και συγκεκριμένα στην περιοχή (μl/min) Επιτυγχάνει βελτιωμένο σχήμα κορυφών και μικρότερους χρόνους κατακράτησης για τα ανιόντα που εκλούονται στο τέλος Ordering Information Column Application Dimensions & Particle Size Product Number Τιμή Χωρίς τον ΦΠΑ 23% Anion Resolution PRP-X100 High resolution High concentrations 4.6 x 250 mm, 7 µm , Anion Fast PRP-X100 Fast analysis 4.6 x 100 mm, 5 µm Anion Micro PRP-X100 Low sample abundance Reduced eluent consumption 2.1 x 250 mm, 5 µm Anion Trace PRP-X110 Low concentrations Weakly ionized species 4.6 x 250 mm, 7 µm ,101.40

3 Separation of Low Concentrated Anions with the Hamilton Anion Trace Column Abstract In this study the new Hamilton Anion Trace column for analysis of low concentrated anions was applied for separation of common anions and oxihalides. The shape of the detected signals and the separation efficiency are compared for medium and low concentrations. It was found that even low concentrations in the ppb range can be properly analyzed. Introduction Ion chromatography is a very common technique for analysis of water or environmental samples. In such native samples the concentration of the compounds of interest is often very low. Consequently, a column which is especially optimized for determination of decreased sample concentrations has to be used. For proper determination of low concentrations a good separation and a high signal-tonoise ratio are important. In this work the influence of the anion concentration on the separation characteristics of the Hamilton Anion Trace column, which is especially optimized for low level analysis, is shown. Material & Methods The Hamilton Anion Trace column with PEEK housing of 4.6 x 250 mm and 7 µm packing particles was tested with two different mixtures of anion standards which have been separated in a carbonate-bicarbonate eluent in isocratic mode. Two different concentrations (see Table 1) have been applied to study the influence of the concentration on the quality of the obtained chromatograms. The packing material was PRP-X110 which is an anion-exchange resin of slightly limited exchange capacity based on highly crosslinked porous polystyrene-divinylbenzene carrier particles. The surface of the polymeric support is functionalized with trimethylammonium (TMA) anion exchange groups. The high purity carbonate buffer and the anion standards have been supplied by Sigma-Aldrich/Fluka, Buchs, Switzerland. The applied buffer concentration was 2.7 mm Na-carbonate and 0.3 mm Na-bicarbonate with 0.1 mm trace NaSCN for faster equilibration. A medium concentration of the carbonate buffer was chosen to realize a good compromise between separation efficiency and low peak width. The separation was performed at 25 C on a DX500 ion chromatograph (Dionex/Thermo Fisher Scientific, Sunnyvale, USA). The system was equipped with a GP50 gradient pump, a LC20 column enclosure and a CD20 conductivity detector which was connected to an ASRS mm-suppressor in auto-suppression recycle mode. Sample injection was realized by an AS3500 auto sampler. The injection volume was 25 µl and the flow rate was 2 ml/min. The concentration of the anion standards are shown in Table 2. Data processing was done with Clarity software V. 2.4 from Data Apex (Prague, Czech Republic) Anion Standard High Low Fluoride Acetate Chloride Nitrite Bromide Nitrate Phosphate Sulfate Tab. 1: s of anion standards in mixture 1 Anion Standard High Low Fluoride Formate Chlorite Chlorate Bromate Nitrate Tab. 2: s of anion standards in mixture 2

4 Fig. 1: Separation of high and low concentrated standard anions (mixture 1) on a Hamilton Anion Trace column Results and Discussion In Figure 1 the separation of common anions (mixture 1) on the Hamilton Anion Trace column is shown for high and low concentration. Due to the lower capacity of the Trace column very narrow peaks are observed and all components are properly separated. Even the low concentrations of 1 ppm and below are detected with a good signal-to-noise ratio which would allow to further decrease the concentration. The same procedure was repeated for oxihalides such as, e.g. borate or chlorate which are often present in disinfected water samples. The results in Figure 2 show the same good signal-to-noise ratio for the oxihalides as it was observed for the common anions before. It has to be noted that the oxihalides typically exhibit lower specific conductivities than most of the common anions which makes the determination of lower concentrations even more difficult. Despite these limitations the results obtained for the low concentrated oxihalides would still allow to further decrease the sample concentration. Conclusion It was shown that the Hamilton Anion Trace column is able to separate medium and low concentrations of standard anions and oxihalides with similar performance. A high signal-to-noise ratio was achieved due to the limited capacity of the packing material which yields in very sharp peaks as it is required for proper and reproducible quantification of the species of interest. Moreover, the retention times are low which enables to separate a high number of low concentrated samples in a shorter time. Due to this unique features the Anion Trace column may be applied as a powerful tool ideally suited for analysis of low- and trace-level ion concentrations. Fig. 2: Separation of high and low concentrated oxihalide standards (mixture 2) on a Hamilton Anion Trace column 2012 Hamilton Company. All rights reserved. All trademarks are owned and/or registered by Hamilton Company in the U.S. and/or other countries. Lit. No /00 04/2012 Web: USA: Europe: Hamilton Americas & Pacific Rim 4970 Energy Way Reno, Nevada USA Tel: Fax: sales@hamiltoncompany.com Hamilton Europe, Asia, & Africa Via Crusch 8 CH-7402 Bonaduz, GR, Switzerland Tel: Fax: contact@hamilton.ch To find a representative in your area, please visit hamiltoncompany.com/contacts.

5 Influence of Mobile Phase Composition on the Retention Behavior of Hamilton Anion Resolution and Fast Columns Abstract In this study two new anion exchange columns from Hamilton for high resolution and fast analysis have been tested with several carbonate-bicarbonate buffers. The dependence of the retention times on the composition of the mobile phase is shown. It was found that both columns deliver a good resolution and narrow sample peaks for all commonly used buffer compositions. In addition, the variation of the eluent strength may be applied for additional improvement of the retention times of especially the late eluting anions. Introduction Ion chromatography (IC) is a powerful technique which is very frequently applied for determination of anionic components in water or environmental samples. For the separation of standard inorganic anions a carbonate-bicarbonate mobile phase is very common which is typically used in isocratic mode. Many different compositions of this buffer are reported in literature. In this study two different Hamilton anion exchange columns which are intended for high resolution and fast separation have been tested with the three most frequently used buffer compositions to show the impact of the ionic strenght on the obtained results. Material & Methods A Hamilton Anion Resolution column with PEEK housing of 4.6 x 250 mm and 7 µm packing particles and a Hamilton Anion Fast column with PEEK housing of 4.6 x 100 mm and 5 µm particle size have been tested with different carbonate-bicarbonate eluents. The packing material was PRP-X100 resin which consists of cross-linked polystyrenedivinylbenzene carrier particles. The surface is functionalized with trimethylammonium (TMA) anion exchange groups. The high purity carbonate buffer and anion standards have been supplied by Sigma-Aldrich/Fluka, Buchs, Switzerland. The applied buffer concentrations are shown in Table 1. Na-Carbonate [mm] Na-Bicarbonate Tab. 1: Different mobile phase compositions used for anion separation. All mobile phases contained 0.1 mm Na-thiocyanate as an equilibration agent which allows a faster equilibration after buffer change. The separation was conducted at 25 C on a Dionex DX500 ion chromatograph (Dionex/Thermo Fisher Scientific, Sunnyvale, USA). The system was equipped with a GP50 gradient pump, a LC20 column enclosure and a CD20 conductivity detector which was connected to an ASRS mm-suppressor in auto-suppression recycle mode. Sample injection was realized by an AS3500 auto sampler. The injection volume was 25 µl and the flow rate was 2 ml/min. The concentration of the anion standards are shown in Table 2. Data processing was done with Clarity software V. 2.4 from Data Apex (Prague, Czech Republic) Anion Standard Fluoride 8.33 Acetate 100 Chloride 10 Nitrite 50 Bromide 60 Nitrate 70 Phosphate 70 Sulfate 80 Tab. 2: s of anion standards, arranged in order of increasing retention time. Results and Discussion In Figure 1 the separation characteristic of the Hamilton Anion Resolution column is shown for three different carbonatebicarbonate compositions which are very frequently used for anion analysis. The high capacity PRP-X100 anion exchange resin and the length of 250 mm ensure a high separation efficiency and a wide dynamic range of the injected anion concentrations. While comparing the data for different eluent compositions in Figure 1 it gets obvious that an increased Na-carbonate concentration leads to decreased retention times of preferably the late eluting anions such as, e.g. phosphate or sulfate due to the higher concentration of counter ions in the buffer. Consequently, an increase of the buffer strength can be applied for tailoring of the retention times, e.g. if faster analysis is required.

6 Fig. 1: Separation of anion standards with different buffer concentrations on a Hamilton Anion Resolution column. On the contrary, for samples which contain very high ion concentrations or very high and low concentrated species which elute close to each other it would be beneficial to decrease the buffer concentration for higher separation efficiency and to avoid overlapping of the peaks. In Figure 2 the same experiment was carried out with the Hamilton Anion Fast column which exhibits a decreased length of 100 mm and a smaller particles size of 5 µm (PRP-X100 resin) to provide an optimum between short analysis time and good separation efficiency. The results in Figure 2 prove that also for the Fast column a certain decrease of the retention times is possible by variation of the buffer concentration. However, since the retention times are already very low only a less pronounced shift was observed. Also for the Fast column a lower buffer concentration should be preferred if high concentrations have to be separated. The Fast column is recommended for medium or lower concentrations of 1 to 500 ppm since it is optimized for fast analysis and the difference in the elution times of the peaks is lower compared with the Anion Resolution column. Conclusion The results obtained with the Anion Resolution and Fast column have shown that both columns can be applied with various compositions of the carbonate-bicarbonate buffer which enables the user to keep his commonly used buffer concentration even if another anion exchange column was applied before. The Resolution column should be chosen for unknown samples since it offers a wide dynamic range regarding the number and concentration of anionic components to be separated. The Fast column should be preferred for standard testing where a short runtime is required and the concentration range and number of different components is already known. In addition, there is still the option to further improve the separation with regard to shorter retention times or higher separation efficiency just by slightly adjustment of the mobile phase composition. Both Hamilton columns offer a high basic efficiency and a broad dynamic range, making them the perfect solution for standard anion analytics. Fig. 2: Separation of anion standards with different buffer concentrations on a Hamilton Anion Resolution column Hamilton Company. All rights reserved. All trademarks are owned and/or registered by Hamilton Company in the U.S. and/or other countries. Lit. No /00 04/2012 Web: USA: Europe: Hamilton Americas & Pacific Rim 4970 Energy Way Reno, Nevada USA Tel: Fax: sales@hamiltoncompany.com Hamilton Europe, Asia, & Africa Via Crusch 8 CH-7402 Bonaduz, GR, Switzerland Tel: Fax: contact@hamilton.ch To find a representative in your area, please visit hamiltoncompany.com/contacts.