Contents Part I Psychoneuroimmunology and Systems Biology Mechanisms 1 From Psychoneuroimmunology to Personalized, Systems, and Dynamical Medicine

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1 Contents Part I Psychoneuroimmunology and Systems Biology Mechanisms 1 From Psychoneuroimmunology to Personalized, Systems, and Dynamical Medicine Psychoneuroimmunology (PNI) and Systems Biology Emotions, Stress, Inflammation, and Diseases The Dynamical Biopsychosocial Models on the Basis of PNI and Systems Biology Systemic PNI Profiles for Personalized, Systems, and Dynamical Medicine... 7 References Stress and Inflammation: Translational Implications in Mind Body Medicine Stress and Inflammation: A Systems Biology Perspective The PNI Networks, Systems-Based Biomarkers, and Mind Body Mechanisms The Stress Inflammation Disease Associations: Translational Implications of PNI Targeting the Stress and Inflammation-Associated Networks References Biological Rhythms and the HPA Axis in Psychoneuroimmunology The Rhythmic Patterns of the PNI Networks: Systems Biology Approaches Chronic Stress and the Dynamics of the HPA Axis The Rhythmic Patterns of the HPA Axis in Association with Stress Responses The Circadian and Homeostatic Mechanisms of the HPA Axis at Various Levels ix

2 x Contents 3.3 The Dynamics of the HPA Axis in Association with Diseases Depression and Cancer The Cholesterol Levels and Obesity References The Inflammatory Networks and Dynamical Patterns in Psychoneuroimmunology Inflammatory Networks and Systemic PNI Profiling IL-6 and Associated Networks TNF and Associated Networks NF-kB and Associated Networks BDNF and Associated Networks PPARs and Associated Networks References Part II Psychoneuroimmunology, Diseases, and Mind-Body Medicine 5 Sleep, Psychoneuroimmunology, and Mind Body Medicine Sleep Disturbances, Systemic Inflammation, and Mind Body Techniques Sleep Problems and Aging Psychosocial Stress, Poor Sleep Quality, and Obesity Mind Body Methods for Improving Sleep Quality References Psychoneuroimmunology of Depression PNI and the Biopsychosocial Models The PNI Implications in Personalized, Systems, and Dynamical Medicine Potential Systemic Biomarkers in Depression Stress Response and Inflammatory Pathways in Depression The Immune-Kynurenine Pathway The HPA Axis and Associated Pathways The ERK1/2 and MAPK Signaling Pathways The GSK3-Dependent TLR4 Signaling Pathways The Inflammatory Networks: The Links Between Depression and Other Diseases Cancer Cardiovascular Diseases Other Relevant Diseases References Psychoneuroimmunology of Schizophrenia The Stress Inflammation Associations and the Biopsychosocial Models... 53

3 Contents xi 7.2 The Interactions Among the Immune, Endocrine, Nervous Systems, and Cognition PNI and Potential Immunomodulation Strategies Stress Response and Inflammatory Pathways in Schizophrenia Metabolic and Inflammatory Pathways Important Cytokine Networks Neurotransmitters and Neuronal Signaling Pathways Multiple Signaling Pathways The HPA Axis and Associated Pathways References Obesity, Stress, Inflammation, and Psychoneuroimmunology Obesity, PNI, and the Biopsychosocial Models Psychological Stress, Obesity, and Associated Diseases Potential Stress and Inflammatory Biomarkers in Obesity Obesity-Associated Inflammatory Pathways Obesity and the HPA Axis Potential Therapeutic Targets in Association with Stress and Obesity References Psychoneuroimmunology of Aging Aging, PNI, and the Systems Biology Models The Stress Inflammation Correlations in Aging Inflammatory Pathways: The Links Among Stress, Aging, and Chronic Diseases Cardiovascular Aging and Diseases Brain Aging and Neuropsychiatric Symptoms The mtor Signaling Pathways, Alzheimer s Disease, and Autoimmune Disorders Melatonin-Associated Pathways and Age-Associated Neurodegenerative Disorders The Kidney Brain Axis and Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) Bone Loss, Osteoporosis, and Muscle Dysfunctions Age-Related Macular Degeneration in the Eye Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) The Mitochondrial Signaling Pathways and Systemic Inflammation References Psychoneuroimmunology of Cardiovascular Diseases Psychological Stress, Depression, and Cardiovascular Diseases The Complex PNI Interactions and Inflammatory Biomarkers... 88

4 xii Contents 10.3 Inflammatory Pathways: The Links Between Stress and Cardiovascular Diseases Emotional Problems, Inflammation, and Atherosclerosis The IL-1 Family The Networks of Multiple Cytokines The Signaling Pathway of Toll-Like Receptors (TLR) The Kynurenine Pathway and Metabolic Networks The Complex Notch Signaling Pathway References Psychoneuroimmunology and Cancer The Systems-Based PNI Frameworks Inflammatory Pathways in Different Types of Cancer Pancreatic Cancer and the NFATc2-STAT3-GSK-3β Pathway Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) and the β-catenin Signaling Pathway Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC) and the Pathways of Tgfbr2, p Colorectal Cancer and the Signaling Pathways of TLRs and PPARδ Breast Cancer and Various Signaling Pathways The NF-kB- and p53-associated Pathways The Interleukin-1 (IL-1) Cytokine Family and Associated Pathways Inflammatory Pathways in the Microbiota Biobehavioral Pathways in Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant Patients The HPA Axis and the Roles of Melatonin Inflammatory Pathways Associated with Neuroendocrine (NE) Differentiation References Psychoneuroimmunology of Skin Diseases The PNI Mechanisms of Skin Disorders at Various Levels Emotional Tension and Immune Responses PNI of Atopic Dermatitis (AD) and Other Skin Diseases Atopic Dermatitis (AD) Other Relevant Skin Disorders Stress Response and Inflammatory Networks in Skin Disorders Stress and the Neurotrophin Nerve Growth Factor (NGF) Pathway Multiple Cytokine Networks and Skin Homeostasis Inflammatory Networks in Association with Various Skin Disorders References

5 Contents xiii 13 The Translation of Psychoneuroimmunology into Mind Body Medicine From PNI to Mind Body Medicine The PNI Mechanisms of Meditation PNI and Nutrition Stress, Diets, and Inflammation Nutritional Interventions, Stress Responses, and Antiinflammatory Effects Mind Body Interventions for Cardiovascular Diseases Mind Body Interventions for Aging and Associated Disorders Incorporating Chronotherapy into Systems and Dynamical Medicine References Index

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