Journal of Japan Academy of Community Health Nursing Vol. 10, No. 2, pp. 63 71, 2008 Smoking Behavior and Personality in Female Student Nurses In Preparation for Smoking Cessation Michie Baba Kazuko Nishida Tomoko Fujimaru Naoko Kodama Naoko Ito Toko Imamura Yoshiko Tuyama MPI GHQ28 MPI Key words : student nurses, smoking habit, smoking cessation, MPI, stress 20 43.3 12.0 2030 1 2 3 16 3 16 6 22 3 22 Received : June 26, 2006 Accepted : December 9, 2007 1 Division of Nursing Science, Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University 2School of Nursing, Kurume University 3 Faculty of Nursing and Nutrition, Siebld University of Nagasaki 4 Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health and Welfare, Seinan Jo Gakuin University 5St. Marys College Faculty of Nursing 6 Association for Preventive Medicine of Japan Vol. 10, No. 2 63
3 Prochaska DiClementen 23 24 25 1 1 Eysenck neutroticismextraversion, introversion 2 Maudsley Personality InvestoryMPI MPI 26 21 27 34 3537 1950 Eysenck 27 Eysenck 27 MPI 82 MPI 27 28 Cherry 30 MPI 16 Parkes 32 MPI Eyzenck Eysenck Personality QuestionnaireEPQ 38 MPI 29 MPI 1960 Eysenck 27 Arai 33 Eyzenck Eysenck Personality Questionnaire RevisedEPQ-R 39 Kawakami 34 EPQ-R 31 EPQ-R 21 EPQ-R Eysenck 27 28 26 34 64 Vol. 10, No. 2
26 3 1,182 18 23 1,100 10 1,090 14 57 MPI 6 MPI GHQ GHQ28 40 Fagerstrom FTQ-Test 41 1 1959 Eysenck MPI 1969 MPI MPI E Extraversion E N Neuroticism N 48 L Liar 20 E N 1280 3 1 3 MPI E N L GHQ28 GHQ28 1974 Goldberg 28 4 21 Fagerstrom 8 Fagerstrom 0 2 3 6 7 MPI E N L GHQ28 MPI E N 1 MPI Wilcoxon χ 2 Vol. 10, No. 2 65
SPSS11.55 3 117 10.8 947.6 19.8 1.1 1 6 60 1 1 3 89 3 23.4 37.6 n 117 n 94 n 879 20.4 1.1 20.1 1.2 19.7 1.2 1 19 16.2 14 14.9 270 30.7 2 36 30.8 25 26.6 234 26.6 3 28 23.9 24 25.5 226 25.7 4 34 29.1 31 33.0 149 17.0 95 81.2 63 67.0 732 83.3 22 18.8 31 33.0 147 16.7 1.77 1.41 44.1 7 3 1 1655.6 1 153 1952.8 2539.7 422.2 422.2 9984.6 MPI MPI E N L n 117 n 94 1 74 63.2 66 70.2 43 36.8 28 29.8 54 46.2 46 48.9 73 62.4 48 51.1 3 25 21.4 81 86.2 3 92 78.6 13 13.8 20 17.1 22 23.4 28 23.9 25 26.6 44 37.6 26 27.7 25 21.4 21 22.3 n 18 n 63 n 36 SD 1.83 0.8 1.76 0.8 1.53 0.5 1 15 8 44.4 44 69.8 23 63.9 16 24 9 50.0 17 27.0 12 33.3 25 1 5.6 2 3.2 1 2.8 4 22.2 15 23.8 1 2.8 7 38.9 14 22.2 6 16.7 11 61.1 34 54.0 18 50.0 0.9 mg 12 66.7 47 74.6 25 69.4 1.0 mg 6 33.3 16 25.4 11 30.6 4 22.2 25 39.7 19 52.8 3 16.7 9 14.3 10 27.8 4 22.2 5 7.9 1 2.8 7 38.9 24 38.1 1 2.8 66 Vol. 10, No. 2
SD F p a MPI Extraversion Scale 33.60 0.89 14.22 35.18 0.91 30.33 0.34 Neuroticism Scale 25.47 1.03 5.94 21.05 1.04 ns 22.61 0.35 Lie Scale 10.93 0.45 5.06 ns 11.57 0.53 ns 12.48 0.18 GHQ28 11.4 6.5 3.98 10.7 4.9 ns 10.0 5.4 a ns; not significant p 0.05 p 0.01 b E 35.2 33.6 30.3 N 21.1 25.5 L GHQ28 10.7 10.011.4 GHQ28 MPI N scale Spearman 0.577 p 0.01GHQ28 E scale0.273 p 0.01 αghq28 0.7952 MPI E scale 0.7768 N scale 0.6076 L scale 0.7123 MPI E N 3 1 10.402 0.40 26 6 1 2 3 4 5 61 6 4.95.7 4.3 4.9 3.84.5 4.8 5.6 5.8 9.0 10.4 3.0 2.4 MPI 8.5 29.9 17.1 5.2 39.3 10 E scale 35.5 30.9 N scale 20.3 29.8 27.3 L scale 10.8 18.4 19 32 5 8 5 9 10 Eysenck 27 28 Arai 33 GHQ28 12 16 42 43 35 38 Elkind 37 44 30 36 37 2 Vol. 10, No. 2 67
1 2 3 4 5 6 0.7422 0.7219 0.6287 0.6147 0.5800 0.5473 0.4965 0.4737 0.4659 0.4133 0.7307 0.7075 0.7030 0.6867 0.7585 0.7487 0.6716 0.7514 0.6982 0.6366 0.7492 0.7193 0.5298 0.7710 0.5927 0.5882 3.779 2.338 1.930 1.781 1.752 1.750 8.398 13.595 17.883 21.841 25.734 29.623 90 1964 MPI 29 1980 MPI 45 50 68 Vol. 10, No. 2
SD F p b 4 5.1 2.7 4.61 ns 5.7 2.5 4.9 2.7 3 4.6 1.9 5.33 ns 4.9 1.8 4.3 2.0 3 4.2 1.7 6.84 ns 4.5 1.7 3.8 1.9 3 5.6 2.2 11.15 5.8 2.1 4.8 2.4 10 10.4 5.6 3.99 8.6 5.0 ns 9.0 5.4 3 3.0 2.1 3.67 ns 2.4 2.1 3.0 2.0 a ns; not significant, p 0.05 n 117 n 94 n 18 n 63 n 36 n 11 n 83 MPI E scale 30.9 11.1 33.4 9.2 36.0 8.3 33.6 10.6 35.5 8.6 N scale 29.8 11.4 23.0 11.0 27.3 10.5 27.1 12.2 20.3 9.7 L scale 10.3 4.5 11.1 5.3 10.8 4.4 10.8 4.7 11.6 5.3 a Wilcoxon b p 0.1 p 0.01 p 0.001 Snow 46 2 24 25 47 1 90 22 Vol. 10, No. 2 69
1MPI MPI 2 1,000 3 5 116 2004 2 2002 3 1 : 51 58, 2003 4 38 6 : 432 436, 1997 5 44 9 : 694 700, 1997 6 47 7 : 562 570, 2000 7 40 : 332 340, 1998 8 54 : 539 543, 1999 9 3 : 55 62, 1993 10 2 : 37 44, 1992 11 Haughey BP, O shea RM, Dittmar SS : Smoking behavior among student nurses : A survey. Publ Health Rep 101 6 : 652 657, 1986 12 24 1 : 67 75, 2001 13 3 1 : 13 21, 2001 14 Adriaanse H, Reek JV, Zandbelt L, et al : Nurses smoking worldwide. A review of 73 surveys on nurses tobacco consumption in 21 countries in the period 1959 1988. Int J Nurs Stud 28 : 361 375, 1991 15 Murray M, Swan A, Matter M : The tasks of nursing and the risk of smoking. J Adv Nurs 20 : 553 557, 1983 16 Carmichael A, Cockcroft A : Survey of student nurses smoking habits in a London teaching hospital. Resp Med 84 : 277 282, 1990 17 30 4 : 196 204, 1988 18 41 2 : 202 252, 1995 19 1 32 11 : 675 686, 1985 20 56 1 : 34 40, 2000 21 20 Quality Nursing 8 6 : 523 532, 2002 22 Ohwada HI, Nakayama T : Smoking patterns of university woman students in Miyagi, Japan the Miyagaku study. J Edpidemiol 13 6 : 296 302, 2003 23 Prochaska JO, DiClementen CC : Stages and processes of selfchange of smoking : Toward an integratibe model of change. J Counsult Clin Psychol 51 : 390 395, 1983 24 2002 25pp 1 36, 2002 262 2001 27 Eysenck HJ, Tarrant M, Woolf M, et al : Smoking and personality. BMJ : 1456 1460, 1960 28 Eysenck HJ 1988 29 MPI 1969 30 Cherry N, Kiernan K : Personality scores and smoking behavior A longitudinal study. Brit J Prev Soc Med 30 : 123 131, 1976 31 20 6 : 709 715, 1991 32 Parkes K : Smoking and the Eysenck personality dimensions An interactive model. Psychol Med 14 : 825 834, 1984 33 Arai Y, Hosokawa T, Fukao A, et al : Smoking behavior and personality A population based study in Japan. Addiction 92 8 : 1023 1033, 1997 34 Kawakami N, Takatsuka N, Shimizu H, et al : Eysenck s personality and tobacco/nicotine dependence in male ever-smokers in Japan. Addict Behaviors 25 4 : 585 591, 2000 35 6 8 : 1599 1614, 1990 36 20 6 : 723 729, 1991 37 pp 27 41, 1993 38 Eysenck SBG, Eysenck HJ, Barette P : A revised version of the psychoticism scale. Person Indev Diff 6 1 : 21 29, 1985 39 Hosokawa T, Ohyama M : Reliability and validity of a Japanese version of the short-form Eysenck personality questinnairerevised. Psychol Rep 72 : 823 832, 1993 40 Goldberg DP GHQ pp 1 63, 1985 41 Fagerstrom KO : Measuring degree of physical attitude to tobacco smoking with reference to individualization of treatment. Addict Behav 3 : 145 153, 1978 42 Tagliacozzo R, Drnatsci VS Vaughn S : Stress and smoking in hospital nurses. AJPH 72 5 : 441 448, 1982 70 Vol. 10, No. 2
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