14 1 1999 2 ADVANCE IN EARTH SCIENCES Vol. 14 No. 1 Feb.,1999 Ξ ( 100083) ( 100083) ( ),,, ( I 546 ) P678113011,, ; : ;, 1 111 1950 Teichmuller 1,,,,,, 2, : 3 ; 4 ; 5 ; 6, ( ), I 012 %, Wilkins 7, Ξ :,,1966 8,,, :1998-01 - 06 ; :1998-10 - 05
, I, Lo 8 Guick Guick : R o ( ) = R o ( ) + ( FL 1-1) / 314 R o ; FL 1 550 650, Leitz, 100 Thompson ( max Q ) 2 : (1) R o max : R o = 0. 007 max - 3. 63 r = 0175 (2) R o Q : R 0 = 0188 Q - 0116 r = 0188 112 1 : 19, Jacob 9,, ;1992, Jacob, R o = 0. 618 R b + 0. 4 R o ; R b 10,,,,,, 6 (, ), ;,, 1 46,, 1a, 116 % 119 % 019 % 111 % 013 % 015 % ; 1b, 019 % 111 % 013 % 015 %,,013 % 015 %,019 % 111 %, 116 % 119 % 1 46 a b Figure 1 Frequency of reflectance of bitumen in limestone of well LN2 46 in Tarim basin a Ordovician System b Carboniferous System : 1,19941, 1 1 119891
,,, ;,, Jacob 11 113 2 0 14 (Vitrinite2like maceral), 2 Alum,, 12,13 Alum Alum,, 13, ;, 380 14,,,,, ;, 114, 80, 15,,,, 16, 15, 17 20,, ;, (CAI), (CAI),,, Bertrand 21,, log R S log R o = 1. 08 log R T = - 0. 19 + 1. 29 log R T log R G = - 0. 04 + 1. 10 log R T R T ; R C ; R S ; R G 115 ( CAI) 1 ( ) 119931 1 1,19941
1 : 21,, 22,,, 100, Epstein 23, (CAI) ( Ro ) ( %) ( %) 1 < 0. 8 < 60 115 017 0185 60 65 2 0185 113 65 73 3 114 1195 74 84 4 1195 316 84 95 5 > 316 > 95,, ;,,,, 1 CAI = 1, 018 %,, 2 211,, :, ;,, ;, ; ; ; 212, ( ),,,,,, :, 1 CAI Ro 23 Table 1 Correlation between CAI and Ro 24 ;,,;, ;, ;, ;, 25 26, ( ),,,, B G12 + B G38, 520 nm, Leitz - MPV - 3,, Leitz, 100, 546 nm,,,,,,,,
2 2 14, 2 ( I 546 ) ( R o ) Figure 2 Correlation between relative fluorescence intensity ( I 546 ) and vitrinite reflectance ( R o ) R 0 = 3. 2982-0. 7216 ln I 546 r = - 0196 2,, R o 016 119,, I 546 5510 810, 119, I 546, R o = 016 % 119 % ;, I 546 CAI, 3 (1) ; (2), ; (3) (4), (5),, (6) I 546 CAI, R o = 016 % 119 %, 1 Stach E,Mackowsky M, Teichmuller M, et al. 1,,, 1 :,19901 2 Thompson C L,Woods R A. Microspectro fluorecence measurement of coals and petroleum source rocks. Intern J Coal Geol,1987,7 :85 1041 3 Hutton A C. Influence of alginite on the reflectance of vitrinite from joadia,nsw,and some other coals and oil shales containing alginite1 Fuel,1980,59 :711 714. 4 Teichmuller M. Generation of petroleum2like substances in coal seams as seen under the microscopy. In : Tissot B,Bienner F,eds. Advances in Organic Geochemistry 1973. Paris : Technip,1974. 379 391. 5 Price T G. Suppression of vitrinite reflectance in amorphous rich kerogen A major unrecognized problem. Journal of Petroleum Ge2 ology,1985,8 (1) :59 84. 6 1 1 :,19921 7 Wilkins R W T, Wilmshurst J R, Hladky G, et al. Fluorescence al2 teration and the suppression of vitrinite reflectance. Organic Geo2 chemistry,1992,18 :629 640. 8 Lo H B. Corrections for the suppression of vitrinite reflectance in hy2 drogen - rich kerogens. Priliminary Guideline,9th Annual Meeting of TSOP(abstr),1992. 9 Jacob H. Disperse solid bitumens as an indicator for migration and maturity in prospecting for oil and gas1 Erdol und Kohle,1985,38 : 365. 10, 1 1,1988,8 (3) :20 251 11 Jacob H,Stoppel D,Wehner H. Untersuchung disperse bitumina des westharzes und deren geologische deutung. Erdol2Erdgas2Z,1981, 97 :182 190. 12 Buchardt B J,Lewan M D. Carbon isotope composition of lower Pa2
1 : 23 leozoic kerogen :effects of maturation. Organic Geochemistry,1986, 10 :127 134. 13 Buchardt B J,Lewan M D. Reflectance of vitrinite2like macerals as a thermal maturity index for Cambrian2Ordovician Alum shale, Southern Scandinavia. AAPG Bulletin,1990,74 :394 406. 14,, 1 1,1995,22 (1) :25 281 15,Hoffknecht A,, 1 1,1992,66 (3) :269 2791 16 Rogers M A,Mcalary J D,Bailey J C. Significance of reservoir bitu2 mens to thermal maturation studies, Western Canada Basin. AAPG Bulletin,1974,58 :1806 1824. 17 Goodarzi F. Organic petrography of graptolite fragments from Turkey. Marine and Petroleum Geology,1984,1 :202 210. 18 Goodarzi F. Reflected light microscopy of chitinozoan fragments. Marine and Petroleum Geology,1985,2 :72 78. 19 Goodarzi F,Norford B S. Optical properties of graptolite epiderm A review. Bulletin of Geology Society Denmark, 1987, 35 : 141 147. 20 Goodarzi F, Norford B S. Variation of graptolite reflectance with depth of burial. International Journal of Coal Geology, 1989, 11 : 127 141. 21 Bertrand R. Correlations among the reflectances of vitrinite,chiti2 nozoans,graptolites and scolecodonts. Organic Geochemistry,1990, 15 :565 574. 22 Briggs D E G,Epstein J B,Harris L D. Conodont color alteration - An index to organic metamorphism. Geological Survey Professional Paper. United State Government Printing Office. Washington, 1977. 23 Epstein A G, Epstein J B, Harris L D. Conodont color alteration - An index to organic metamorphism. Geological Survey Professional Paper. United State Government Printing Office, Epstein,1977. 24 1 1 :, 19891 25 Barrick J E,Over D J,Landis C R, et al. Conodont fluorescence e2 mission spectra : Potential for high resolution evalution of organic maturation in hydrocarbon2bearing basins. Abstract of the meeting of the South2Central Section the Geological Society of American and Associated Societies,Stillwater,Oklahoma,Abstract with programs 22,1990. 26 Mastalerz M, Bustin R, Orchard M, et al. Fluorescence of con2 odonts :implications for organic maturation analysis. Org Geochem, 1992,18 :93 101. STUDY AND COMPARISON ON SOME IMPORTANT INDICATORS WITH REFERENCE TO THE DEGREE OF ORGANIC MATURATION OF MARINE HYD ROCARBON2SOURCE ROCKS TU Jianqi ( I nstit ute of Pet roleu m Ex ploration and Development of Chi na N ational Pet roleu m Corporation, Beiji ng 100083) J IN Kuili ( Beiji ng Graduate School of M i ni ng U niversity of Chi na, Beiji ng 100083) Abstract The author comparatively analyzed and compared some present important indicators(vitrinite re2 flectance,reflectance of solid bit umen,reflectance of vit rinite2like maceral,reflectance of organic f ragment such as graptolite,chitinozoan and scolecodont,color index alteration of conodont, etc. ) wit h reference to t he degree of maturation of marince hydrocarbon2source rocks ;on the basis of sum up their advantage and disadvantage,the au2 t hor suggested t he principle of selection to t he organic mat uration indicator of marine hydrocarbon2source rocks ; still further,the relative fluorescence intensity ( I 546 ) is suggested and regarded as a good indicator of determining t he degree of mat uration of marine hydrocarbon2source rocks in t his paper. The relative fluorescence intensity is well suitable to determine t he degree of mat uration of marine hydrocarbon2source rocks lack of vit rinite. Key words Marine hydrocarbon2source rocks, Mature indicator, Degree of organic maturation, Relative fluorescence intensity.