8 CHINESE JOURNAL OF FOOD HYGIENE 2009 21 1 (, 100021) :,,, ( ),, :;;,-,SIF A,,,,,, - [1 ] FROST D,GORMAN P M,YIP C M,et al. Co2incorporation of Abeta 40 and A beta 42 to form mixed pre2fibrillar aggregates [ J ]. Biochemity,2003,270 :6542663. [2 ] GEORGANOPOULOU D G. Nanoparticle based detection in cerebral spinal fluid of a soluble pathogenic biomarker for Alzheimerπs disease [J ]. Science,2005,102 :227322276. [3 ] DONNA K A,DENISE V M,ELIZABETH B C,et al. Isoflavones and cognitive function in older women :the soy and postmenopausal health in agong (SOPHIA) study[j ]. Menopause,2003,10 :1962202. [4 ],,,. Pax3 Cx43 [J ].,2007,29 (2) :1782185. [5 ] HARDY J, SELKOE D J. The amyloid hypothesis of Alzheimerπs disease :progress and problems on the road to therapeutics[j ]. Science, 2002,297 :3532356. [6 ] HUANG H J, LIANG K C, CHEN C P, et al. Intrahippocampal administration of A 1240 impairs spatial learning and memory in hyperglycemic mice [J ]. Neurobiology of Learning and Memory,2007, 87 (4) :4832494. [7 ],,,. 31235 [J ].,2008,20 (2) :1072 110. [8 ] WANG C N,CHI C W,LIN YL,et al. The neuroprotective effects of phytoestrogen on amyloid protein2reduced toxicity are mediated by abrogeating the activation of capase casecade in rat cortical neurons [J ]. Biol Chemistry,2001,276 :528725295. [9 ] PAN Y,ANTHONY M,WATSON S,et al. Soy phytoestrogens improve radial arm maze performance in ovariectomized retired breeder rats and do not attenuate benefits of 17beta2estradiol treatment[j ]. Menopause, 2000,7 :2302235. [10 ] DANIELLE G S,ROBERTO C, KEVIN J B. The redox chemistry of the Alzheimerπs disease amyloid 2peptide [ J ]. Biochimica Biophysica Acta,2007,1768 :197621990. [11 ] SQUITTI R, PASQUALETTI P, CASSETTA E, et al. Elevation of serum copper levels discriminates Alzheimer s disease from vascular dementia[j ]. Neurology,2003,60 :201322014. [12 ] HOUSEA E,COLLINGWOOD J, KHAN A,et al. Aluminium,iron, zinc and copper influence the in vitro formation of amyloid fibrils of Abeta42 in a manner which may have consequences for metal chelation therapy in Alzheimerπs disease[j ].J Alzheimerπs Dis,2004, 6 :2912301. et [ :2008-09 - 18 ] :R15 ;O629172 :A :1004-8456 (2009) 01-0004 - 05 :(2006BAK02A05) : :
9 Study on Management of Processing Aids of Food Industry at Home and Aboard ZHANGJian2bo, WANG Zhu2tian, LIU Xiu2mei (National Institute for Nutrition and Food Safety, Chinese CDC, Beijing 100021, China) Abstract : Objective To research the deficiency on the management of processing aids in order to give advice on how to strengthen the management. Method The regulations on processing aids of food industry of Codex Alimentarius Commission, Australia, U1S1A, France, Japan, Canada and China were collected and compared. Results The regulations were collected to compare at aspects of the definition, provisions of use, function class, etc. The definitions of processing aids were not clear or explicit, and there were no provisions for function class, use scope, use level (or residual level) in China. Conclusion The Chinese regulations of processing aids need to be improved by referring provisions of other countries and based on the using conditions of processing aids in China. Key word : Food2Processing Industry ;Food Additives ;Organization and Administration,,,,,,;,, 1, 2 211 ( Codex Alimentarius Commission,CAC) CAC,,,, [1 ] CAC (CACΠMISC 3) [2 ], 1989 18 CAC,,, (FAO) (WHO) Π, J ECFA ( FAOΠWHO ) (Codex Committee on Food Additives,CCFA),, 2007 39 CCFA, [3 ], CACΠMISC 3 2008 40 CCFA,,CCFA, [4 ] CAC 1 212 (standard 11313 processing aids) [5 ],,, 18,, GMP,,, 3,() 11311 [6 ] 2
10 CHINESE JOURNAL OF FOOD HYGIENE 2009 21 1 1 CAC (mgπkg) J ECFA J ECFA ADI (mgπkg BW),,, < 1 14 CompΠ743 GMP, < 011 14 CompΠ751 :comp GMP,65 J ECFA 1 J ECFA(,Joint FAOΠWHO Expert Committee of Food Additives) ADI(,Acceptable Daily Intakes),,,,,,,,, : 2 213, ( secondary direct food additives permitted in food for human consumption) [7 ],4, Subpart A, ; Subpart B, ; Subpart C, ; Subpart D, 21 173 : Subpart C : Sec. 1731270 : 2 (mgπkg) 2 011 GMP 1 011 10 1 2 2 10 GMP 20 1 011 5 2 2 2 2 1 1 2 :, (a),25 % (b),2. 2 %
11 (1) (2),(1) 214,2006 10 19 [8 ],, (1) (2), (3) (4),,,, 015 mg 015 mg 3 mg 5 mg, 25 g, 30, 1 g,,,, 1 mg, 1 1 5 mg 3 3 Π (mgπkg),6 1,64 70 - - 5 ( ),6,64 70 - - - - 1 10,, 30 215,, (1), (2),, (3) [9 ] [10 ],, ( ) 4 216,, [11 ] 16,, 4 (mgπkg)
12 CHINESE JOURNAL OF FOOD HYGIENE 2009 21 1 5,8,15, 5 5 (1) (1) 30 mgπkg (2) (2) GMP (1) (1) GMP (2) (2) GMP (3) (3) GMP (4) (4) GMP (1) (1) 25 mgπkg (2) B1021130 (b) (v) B1021133 (a) (2) 212 % (3) (3) 10 mgπkg (4) (4) 10 mgπkg 217 ( GB 2760 2007) [12 ],,,, C,,, ;, 6 3 311 CAC,, (1), CAC, (2) 6 321 activated earth 331 activated carbon 341 adipic acid 351 adipic acid anhydride 361 hexane 371 methanol 381 formaldehyde 391 tetrapotassium pyrophosphate 401 polyacrylamide 411 polyglycerol ester of polylinoleic acid 421 mineral oil 431 ion exchange resins, (3) ( ),,,,, ( ),,,, ( ) 312, GB 2760 2007, ( ),
13 GB 2760 2007,,,,,CAC,,,,,, ( ),,, 313, CAC,, CAC,,,,,, [1 ] Definitions for the purposes of the Codex Alimentarius. Codex Alimentarius Commission Procedural Manual [ M]. 17th edition. Joint FAOΠWHO Food Standards Programme. 41242. [2 ] CACΠMISC 3. Inventory of processing aids[ S]. [3 ] Report of 39 th session of the codex committee on food addivites [ RΠ OL ]. paragraph 134. http :ΠΠwww. codexalimentarius. netπdownloadπ reportπ678πal30-12e. pdf. [4 ] Report of the fortieth session of the codex committee on food addivites [ RΠOL ]. http :ΠΠwww. codexalimentarius. netπdownloadπreportπ702π al31-12e. pdf. [5 ] Australia New Zealand Food Standards Code part 113 Substances Added to Food, standard 11313. Processing Aids [ SΠOL ]. http :ΠΠ www. foodstandards. gov. auπthecodeπfoodstandardscode. cfm. [6 ] Australia New Zealand Food Standards Code part 1. 3 Substances Added to Food,standard 1. 3. 1. Food Additives[ SΠOL ]. http :ΠΠwww. foodstandards. gov. auπthecodeπfoodstandardscode. cfm. [7 ] Secondary direct food additives permitted in food for human consumption,part 173 of U. S. A Code of federal regulations, Revised as of April 1,2006 [ MΠOL ]. http :www. accessdata. fda. govπscripts Π cdrhπcfdocsπcfcfrπcfrsearch. cfm? CFRPart = 173. [8 ] Arr tdu 19 octobre 2006 relatif l emploi d auxiliaires technologiques dans la fabrication de certaines denr es alimentaires [ Z]. Minist re de l conomie,des finances et de l industrie. [9 ] Food sanitation law enforcement regulations [ ZΠOL ]. ministry of health, labour, and welfare ordiance No. 23, July 13, 1948 last amendment : November 29, 2005. http :ΠΠwww. jetro. go. jpπenπreportsπ regulationsπpdfπfood2e. pdf. [10 ] Standards for use of food additives[ SΠOL ]. http :ΠΠwww. ffcr. or. jpπ zaidanπffcrhome1nsfπ7bd44c20b0dc562649256502001b65e9π 8a4352b95978b195492569990007fbaaΠFILEΠStandards %20for % 20Use. pdf. [11 ] Food additives. Division 16 of Canadian food and drug regulations[ ZΠ OL ]. http :ΠΠlaws. justice. gc. caπenπshowdocπcrπc. R. C. 2c. 870Π bo2ga :l - BΠΠen # anchorbo2ga :l - B. [12 ] GB 2760 2007. [ S]. [ :2008-09 - 28 ] :R15 ;TS20213 ;TS205 :A :1004-8456 (2009) 01-0008 - 06 () : 75 %, ;ph 3. 24. 5,,,,,,,