ΑΡΙΣΤΟΤΕΛΕΙΟ ΠΑΝΕΠΙΣΤΗΜΙΟ ΘΕΣΣΑΛΟΝΙΚΗΣ ΦΙΛΟΣΟΦΙΚΗ ΣΧΟΛΗ ΤΜΗΜΑ ΦΙΛΟΛΟΓΙΑΣ Η ΚΟΙΝΩΝΙΚΗ ΚΑΙ ΓΝΩΣΙΑΚΗ ΔΙΑΣΤΑΣΗ ΤΟΥ ΓΡΑΜΜΑΤΙΚΟΥ ΓΕΝΟΥΣ ΑΓΓΕΛΙΚΗ ΑΛΒΑΝΟΥΔΗ

ΑΡΙΣΤΟΤΕΛΕΙΟ ΠΑΝΕΠΙΣΤΗΜΙΟ ΘΕΣΣΑΛΟΝΙΚΗΣ ΦΙΛΟΣΟΦΙΚΗ ΣΧΟΛΗ ΤΜΗΜΑ ΦΙΛΟΛΟΓΙΑΣ ΑΓΓΕΛΙΚΗ ΑΛΒΑΝΟΥΔΗ Η ΚΟΙΝΩΝΙΚΗ ΚΑΙ ΓΝΩΣΙΑΚΗ ΔΙΑΣΤΑΣΗ ΤΟΥ ΓΡΑΜΜΑΤΙΚΟΥ ΓΕΝΟΥΣ ΔΙΔΑΚΤΟΡΙΚΗ ΔΙΑΤΡΙΒΗ ΣΥΜΒΟΥΛΕΥΤΙΚΗ ΕΠΙΤΡΟΠΗ ΕΠΟΠΤΡΙΑ: Θ. ΠΑΥΛΙΔΟΥ ΜΕΛΗ: Σ. ΤΣΟΧΑΤΖΙΔΗΣ Δ. ΚΑΤΗ ΘΕΣΣΑΛΟΝΙΚΗ 2012

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ΠΕΡΙΕΧΟΜΕΝΑ ΣΕΛΙΔΕΣ 1. ΕΙΣΑΓΩΓΗ 1 2. ΣΥΣΤΗΜΑΤΑ ΓΕΝΟΥΣ 7 2.1 Το γένος 7 2.2 Σηµασιακά συστήµατα γένους 8 2.3 Φωνοµορφολογικά συστήµατα γένους 10 2.4 Η συµφωνία του γένους 13 3. Η ΚΟΙΝΩΝΙΚΗ ΔΙΑΣΤΑΣΗ ΤΟΥ ΓΡΑΜΜΑΤΙΚΟΥ ΓΕΝΟΥΣ 17 3.1 Γένος και φύλο 17 3.2 Το γένος ως µέσο κατασκευής έµφυλων ταυτοτήτων 20 3.3 Το γένος ως µέσο αναπαραγωγής του σεξισµού 23 3.3.1 Η γενικευτική χρήση του αρσενικού γένους 24 3.3.2 Η σηµασιακή υποβάθµιση των γυναικών 28 3.4 To γένος ως µέσο κατασκευής της κυρίαρχης έµφυλης τάξης (φεµινιστικές προσεγγίσεις) 31 3.5 Συµπεράσµατα 33 4. Η ΓΝΩΣΙΑΚΗ ΔΙΑΣΤΑΣΗ ΤΟΥ ΓΡΑΜΜΑΤΙΚΟΥ ΓΕΝΟΥΣ 35 4.1 Γένος και εννοιακή κατηγοριοποίηση 35 4.2 Γένος και συνήθειες σκέψης από τη σκοπιά της γλωσσικής σχετικότητας 41 4.3 Eνδείξεις για τον γνωσιακό ρόλο του γένους: εµπειρικές µελέτες 47 4.3.1 Γένος και ερµηνεία του φύλου του προσώπου αναφοράς 47 4.3.2 Γένος και σκέψη για τον άψυχο κόσµο ως αρσενικό ή θηλυκό 52 4.4 Συµπεράσµατα 57 5. ΤΟ ΕΡΕΥΝΗΤΙΚΟ ΕΡΩΤΗΜΑ: Η ΔΙΑΠΛΟΚΗ ΤΗΣ ΚΟΙΝΩΝΙΚΗΣ ΚΑΙ ΓΝΩΣΙΑΚΗΣ ΔΙΑΣΤΑΣΗΣ ΤΟΥ ΓΡΑΜΜΑΤΙΚΟΥ ΓΕΝΟΥΣ ΣΤΗ ΔΙΕΠΙΔΡΑΣΗ 59 6. ΔΕΙΞΗ ΚΑΙ ΓΡΑΜΜΑΤΙΚΟ ΓΕΝΟΣ 63 6.1 Η δεικτική λειτουργία του γένους 64 6.2 Η δεικτική λειτουργία του γένους και η αναφορά σε πρόσωπο στη διεπίδραση 67 i

6.3 Η διαπλοκή της κοινωνικής και γνωσιακής διάστασης του γένους µέσα από τη δεικτική του λειτουργία 76 7. ΠΡΟΣΕΓΓΙΖΟΝΤΑΣ ΤΟ ΓΡΑΜΜΑΤΙΚΟ ΓΕΝΟΣ ΣΤΗ ΔΙΕΠΙΔΡΑΣΗ 78 7.1 Η οπτική της ανάλυσης συνοµιλίας 78 7.2 (Έµφυλες) κατηγορίες µέλους και γένος 83 8. Η ΕΜΠΕΙΡΙΚΗ ΕΞΕΤΑΣΗ ΤΟΥ ΓΡΑΜΜΑΤΙΚΟΥ ΓΕΝΟΥΣ ΣΤΗ ΔΙΕΠΙΔΡΑΣΗ 90 8.1 Η εξειδίκευση του ερευνητικού ερωτήµατος 90 8.2 Γένος και αναφορά σε πρόσωπο 90 8.2.1 Αυτοαναφορά 93 8.2.2 Αναφορά στο συνοµιλούν άτοµο 107 8.2.3 Αναφορά σε τρίτο/α πρόσωπο/α 113 8.3 Γένος και προσανατολισµός των συµµετεχόντων στο φύλο 124 8.4 Αναντιστοιχία γένους και φύλου 134 8.5 Το γένος ως αντικείµενο διόρθωσης 140 8.5.1 Οι πρακτικές διόρθωσης: αυτοδιόρθωση και ετεροδιόρθωση 140 8.5.2 Το γένος ως αντικείµενο αυτοδιόρθωσης 145 8.5.3 Το γένος ως αντικείµενο ετεροδιόρθωσης 165 8.6 Συµπεράσµατα 171 9. ΣΥΝΟΛΙΚΗ ΣΥΖΗΤΗΣΗ ΚΑΙ ΣΥΜΠΕΡΑΣΜΑΤΑ 176 ΠΑΡΑΡΤΗΜΑ: ΠΙΝΑΚΑΣ ΣΥΜΒΟΛΩΝ ΑΠΟΜΑΓΝΗΤΟΦΩΝΗΣΗΣ 185 ΒΙΒΛΙΟΓΡΑΦΙΑ 188 ΠΕΡΙΛΗΨΗ 210 ABSTRACT 211 ii

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2.3 #>30µ0?@0A0189: 7;7<=µ6<6 1230;4 <7 $-*9>70+ µ7 *$ 0+µ$0#$(1 020*)µ$*$ 8%'2 + ($*+/'3#'%'9+0+ *.- '20#$0*#(?- /9-7*$# µ7 :10+ *+ 0+µ$09$ *'2,, 0*$ 6.-'µ'36'&'/#(1 020*)µ$*$ + ($*+/'3#'%'9+0+ /9-7*$# 02-)>., µ7 :10+ µ'36'&'/#('4, (µ'36'&'/#(1 040*+µ$*$ *'2 /5-'2,) ($# 6.-'&'/#('4, ($-8-7, (6.-'&'/#(1 020*)µ$*$ *'2 /5-'2,). @$ µ'36'&'/#(1 ($# 6.-'&'/#(1 020*)µ$*$ '3/$-?-'-*$# /43. $%8 5-$- 0+µ$0#$(8 %23)-$ ($# 76$3µ8A'2- *'2, µ'36'&'/#('4, ($# 6.-'&'/#('4, ($-8-7, 0*$ '20#$0*#(1 %'2 $-)('2-0*' &7/8µ7-' 0+µ$0#$(8 2%8&7#µµ$ (Corbett 1991: 34). M#$ %$31"7#/µ$, + 3.0#() /&?00$ "#$>5*7# *39$ /5-+: $307-#(8, >+&2(8 ($# '2"5*73'.! ($*+/'3#'%'9+0+ *.- '20#$0*#(?- µ7 $-$6'31 07 %380.%' /9-7*$# µ7 :10+ 0+µ$0#$('4, ($-8-7, %'2 %3':&5%'2-8*# *$ '20#$0*#(1 µ7 $307-#(8 %380.%' $-$6'31, (otec %$*53$,, djadja >79', ) $-)('2-0*' $307-#(8 /5-', ($# *$ '20#$0*#(1 µ7 >+&2(8 %380.%' $-$6'31, 0*' >+&2(8 /5-', (mat5 µ+*53$, tetja >79$ ). I&$ *$ 2%8&'#%$ '20#$0*#(1 ($*$-5µ'-*$# ($# 0*#, *37#, ($*+/'397, *'2 /5-'2, µ7 :10+ µ'36'&'/#('4, ($-8-7,, '# '%'9'# %3':&5%'2-8*# *$ '20#$0*#(1 *+, %3?*+, (&90+, 79-$# $307-#(1 (zakon -8µ', ), *+, "74*73+, (6kola 0;'&79' ) ($# *+, *39*+, (kost5 (8($&' ) (&90+, >+&2(1 ($# *+, *5*$3*+, (vino (3$09) '2"5*73$ (Corbett 1991: 36). K# µ'36'&'/#('9 ($-8-7, 2%';.3'4-8µ., 5-$-*# *.- 0+µ$0#$(?- ($-8-.-. M#$ %$31"7#/µ$, 7-? *' '20#$0*#(8 djadja >79', $-)(7# 0*+ "74*73+ (&90+ ($# µ7 :10+ *'2, µ'36&'/#('4, ($-8-7, >$ 5%37%7 -$ 79-$# /5-'2, >+&2('4, 79-$# /5-'2, $307-#('4 7%7#") "+&?-7# $307-#(8 %380.%'. <7 '3#0µ5-7, /&?007, (23#$3;'4- '# 6.-'&'/#('9 ($-8-7, 0*+- ($*+/'3#'%'9+0+ *.- '20#$0*#(?-, 8%., 0*+ /$&&#() 8%'2 *$ '20#$0*#(1 %'2 &)/'2-07 m 79-$# 02-)>., /5-'2, $307-#('4. <*$ 6.-'µ'36'&'/#(1 020*)µ$*$ *' /5-', $%'*7&79 µ#$ 3+*1 0+µ$"7µ5-+ /3$µµ$*#('%'#+µ5-+ ($*+/'39$. <4µ6.-$ µ7 *#,!ellinger & Bussmann (2001: 5), 0*#, /&?007, µ7 /3$µµ$*#(8 /5-', ) 0*#, /&?007, µ7 /5-', 0*$ '20#$0*#(1 µ7 $-$6'31 07 %380.%'/5µD2;' %$3$*+379*$# $-*#0*'#;9$ $-1µ70$ 0*' $307-#(8 ($# >+&2(8 /5-', ($# 0*' &7=#(8 0+µ1"7µ$ *'2 '20#$0*#('4., $307-#('4 ) >+&2('4. 5 B(*8, $%8 *+ 5 K# Hellinger & Bussmann (2001: 5-6), $('&'2>?-*$, *'- Craig (0*' Hellinger & Bussmann 2001), "#$6'3'%'#'4-*$# $%8 *'- Corbett (1991) ($# 7#01/'2- *+ "#1(3#0+ $-1µ70$ 07 /&?007, µ7 (/3$µµ$*#(8) /5-', (gender languages) ($# 07 /&?007, µ7 *1=7#, '20#$0*#(?- (noun class languages). 10

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