Georgios Palantzas Dr. Civil Engineer, AUTh Annual Conference SuPorts Project: Sustainable management for european local ports Port Environmental Management 25 th 27 th of June 2012 Corfu, Port of Corfu 1 / 60
Contents 1. Introduction (εισαγωγή) 2. Definitions (ορισμοί) 3. Methodology (μεθοδολογία) 4. Port activities (λιμενικές δραστηριότητες) 5. Environmental aspects and impacts (περιβαλλοντικά ζητήματα και επιπτώσεις) 6. Legal and other requirements (νομοθεσία) 7. Significance of aspects (σημαντικότητα επιπτώσεων) 8. Data overview (σύνθεση δεδομένων) 9. Environmental programme (περιβαλλοντικό πρόγραμμα) 10.Main conclusions (κύρια συμπεράσματα) 2 / 60
Introduction Targets (στόχοι) Help port managers and executives: a) reinforce their awareness about port environmental condition b) assess the management carried out for each environmental aspect c) identify the reasons why an aspect is important for the port d) check compliance with the legislation related to port s environmental aspects e) prioritize work and actions to be carried out for environmental improvement f) reduce risks from significant environmental aspects and impacts Part of environmental management tools such as PERS, ISO 14001, EMAS (τμήμα των περιβαλλοντικών συστημάτων ISO 14001, EMAS, PERS) 3 / 60
Methodology 1. Identification of port activities and operations 2. Identification of aspects that possibly affect each of the activities 3. Identification of the possible impacts caused by each of the aspects 4. Identification of the legal and other requirements applicable to each of the aspects 5. Ranking of the significance 6. Registration of environmental aspects / Condensing of data 4 / 60
Definitions (1/4) What are aspects and impacts? ISO 14001 requires organizations to identify aspects associated with activities, products and services that it can control or influence and determine those aspects that can have a significant impact on the environment Aspect (direct / indirect) Features of a company s operations, processes, activities, products, or services that can have an impact (good or bad) on the environment (κάθε στοιχείο των δραστηριοτήτων, προϊόντων ή υπηρεσιών ενός οργανισμού, το οποίο μπορεί να αλληλεπιδράσει με το περιβάλλον) Impact A change (negative or positive) in the environment caused by an environmental aspect (i.e. the results of an environmental aspect) (οποιαδήποτε αλλαγή στο περιβάλλον είτε αρνητική είτε θετική, η οποία οφείλεται εξ ολοκλήρου ή εν μέρει στις δραστηριότητες, τα προϊόντα ή τις υπηρεσίες ενός οργανισμού) 5 / 60
Definitions (2/4) 6 / 60
Definitions (3/4) What are legal and other requirements? - Laws - Licenses - Memorandums of agreement - Regulations - Contracts - Code of practices - Orders - Guidelines - Conventions - Standards - etc (Νόμοι, Π.Δ., Κανονισμοί λιμένος, Ευρωπ. Οδηγίες, Διεθνείς Συμβάσεις και Κώδικες, Εγκύκλιοι ΥΕΝ, Ε.Π.Ο., Απαιτήσεις προτύπων, Δημοτικές αποφάσεις, Οδηγίες κατασκευαστών, Εθελοντικές πρακτικές, κλπ) Port activities Activities and operations vary widely among ports depending mainly on the types and volume of cargo/material handled. In port activities are also included those carried our by tenants or other agencies. (oι δραστηριότητες και λειτουργίες των λιμένων διαφέρουν σε μεγάλο βαθμό μεταξύ τους, βάσει κυρίως του χαρακτήρα του λιμένα (π.χ. εμπορικός, επιβατικός) και των διακινούμενων φορτίων) 7 / 60
A single activity will often be associated with multiple aspects. Definitions (4/4) Cargo Handling Aspects Activity Emissions to air Dust Emissions to water Noise Fuel consumption A single aspect will often generate multiple impacts. Impacts Air pollution Threatened health Resource depletion Community complaints Water pollution 8 / 60
Main port activities (1/4) 9 / 60
Main port activities (2/4) 10 / 60
Main port activities (3/4) 11 / 60
Main port activities (4/4) 12 / 60
Top environmental aspects/issues (1/1) Top 10 environmental priorities of the European port sector over time 13 / 60
No1: Noise 14 / 60
No2: Emissions to air 15 / 60
No3: Port waste 16 / 60
No4: Dredging 17 / 60
No5: Dredging material disposal 18 / 60
No6: Relations with local community 19 / 60
No7: Energy consumption 20 / 60
No8: Dust 21 / 60
No9: Port development (sea) 22 / 60
No10: Port development (land) 23 / 60
Main environmental impacts (1/1) Water pollution Air pollution Land/soil pollution Habitat loss/biodiversity Resources consumption Noise Health and safety Waste generation Visual amenity Cultural values Traffic Emergencies 24 / 60
Environmental aspects and impacts (1/11) 25 / 60
Environmental aspects and impacts (2/11) 26 / 60
Environmental aspects and impacts (3/11) 27 / 60
Environmental aspects and impacts (4/11) 28 / 60
Environmental aspects and impacts (5/11) 29 / 60
Environmental aspects and impacts (6/11) 30 / 60
Environmental aspects and impacts (7/11) 31 / 60
Environmental aspects and impacts (8/11) 123 potential environmental aspects / εν δυνάμει περιβαλλοντικά ζητήματα 32 / 60
Environmental aspects and impacts (9/11) 33 / 60
Environmental aspects and impacts (10/11) 34 / 60
Environmental aspects and impacts (11/11) 35 / 60
Legal and other requirements (1/6) Compliance with legal requirements is one of the main pillars upon which a port environmental policy is based. Potential costs of non-compliance (e.g., possible damage to the environment, revenue loss, and impact on public image) can be very high. The port should know and understand which environmental laws and regulations govern its operation. International treaties, conventions and protocols European legislation and policies National legislation, regulations, policies, guidelines Local permits, licenses and orders Other requirements 36 / 60
Legal and other requirements (2/6) 37 / 60
Legal and other requirements (3/6) 38 / 60
Legal and other requirements (4/6) 39 / 60
Legal and other requirements (5/6) 40 / 60
Legal and other requirements (6/6) 41 / 60
Significance of impacts (1/8) Parameters determining the magnitude and significance of environmental impacts 42 / 60
Significance of impacts (2/8) The impacts on the environmental resources can be either short or longterm, reversible or irreversible, from port and harbour activities local or regional, and direct or indirect. The number and nature of environmental impacts vary amongst ports and harbours, and clearly for any particular port activity, only a number of the impacts need to be considered. Γενικά, οι περιβαλλοντικές επιπτώσεις των λιμένων μπορούν να έχουν βραχυπρόθεσμο ή μακροπρόθεσμο χαρακτήρα και ένα είναι αντιστρέψιμες ή μη, τοπικής ή ευρύτερης κλίμακας και άμεσες ή έμμεσες. Ο αριθμός και η φύση των περιβαλλοντικών επιπτώσεων μπορεί να διαφέρει έντονα μεταξύ των λιμένων, ενώ για κάθε λιμενική δραστηριότητα, συνήθως, ορισμένα μόνο περιβαλλοντικά ζητήματα είναι σημαντικά και απαιτούν περαιτέρω διερεύνηση και έλεγχο. 43 / 60
Significance of aspects (3/8) The significance of an environmental aspect can be based on: Environmental concerns such as: - The size and nature of the impact - The frequency, likelihood and duration of the impact - Existence of applicable legal and other requirements Business concerns such as: - Feasibility and cost of changing the impact - Corporate image - Cost saving Concerns of interested parties such as: - Employees, neighbors, regulators - Number of complaints received No fixed approach (δεν υπάρχει συγκεκριμένη μέθοδος) Meet your needs (αξιολόγηση με κριτήρια που θα ορίσει το λιμάνι) 44 / 60
Significance of aspects (4/8) Criteria Based Methodology Simple approach using questions (χρήση ερωτήσεων) Τα κριτήρια αξιολόγησης θεωρούνται ερωτήματα που μπορούν να απαντηθούν με «ναι» ή «όχι» The largest number of «yes» responses represents the highest significance Option: weighting 45 / 60
Significance of aspects (5/8) Risk Based Scoring Methodology (Using a numeric cut-off value) It is the significant aspects that will be controlled within an EMS. Significance is determined by identifying the level of control on each environmental aspect and the severity of the environmental impact related to each aspect. For each aspect, a Severity (S) and Control (C) rating can be given, according to specific scale. The Rating Matrix can be used as a guide for determining relative significance. Significance = S x C = (Figure between 1 and 25, >8 = significant) 46 / 60
Significance of aspects (6/8) Control Rating Assessment Table 47 / 60
Significance of aspects (7/8) Severity Rating Assessment Table 48 / 60
Significance of aspects (8/8) Rating Matrix A traffic light system Red indicates that the aspect is significant Yellow indicates that the impact could become significant Green indicates that the impact is not deemed significant 49 / 60
Data overview (1/6) Matrix of port activities, environmental aspects and significance of impacts 50 / 60
Data overview (2/6) Linking port activities with environmental impacts 51 / 60
Data overview (3/6) Συσχέτιση δραστηριοτήτων, ζητημάτων και επιπτώσεων 52 / 60
Data overview (4/6) Ranking of potential impacts from development related port activities 53 / 60
Data overview (5/6) Αξιολόγηση επιπτώσεων 54 / 60
Data overview (6/6) Linking of aspects with impacts and legal requirements 55 / 60
Environmental programme (1/2) A set of environmental objectives and targets designed to improve the environmental performance of the organisation (σειρά αντικειμενικών σκοπών και στόχων που σχεδιάζεται για να βελτιώσει την περιβαλλοντική επίδοση του Οργανισμού) 1. Who does what 2. When 3. How 4. With what means 5. Βy which dates 1. Ποιος κάνει τί 2. Πότε 3. Πώς 4. Με τί μέσα 5. Σε ποιο χρονικό διάστημα 56 / 60
Environmental programme (2/2) 57 / 60
Main conclusions (1/2) Analysis of environmental aspects and impacts, as well as of legal and regulatory requirements, associated with port activities and services, is the most important step of an EMS application (η ανάλυση των σημαντικών περιβαλλοντικών ζητημάτων και επιπτώσεων, καθώς και των νομικών και άλλων απαιτήσεων, που συνδέονται με τις δραστηριότητες και υπηρεσίες ενός λιμένα, είναι το σημαντικότερο βήμα στην εφαρμογή ενός ΣΠΔ) Methodology / Μεθοδολογία Λιμενικές δραστηριότητες Port activities Περιβαλλοντικά ζητήματα Environmental aspects Περιβαλλοντικές επιπτώσεις Environmental impacts Νομικές και άλλες απαιτήσεις Legal and other requirements Αξιολόγηση σημαντικότητας Rating of significance Environmental programme 58 / 60 Περιβαλλοντικό πρόγραμμα
Main conclusions (2/2) Environmental programmes should be suitable for each small port, adapted to port own priorities, resources, personnel capacity and time scale (κάθε περιβαλλοντικό πρόγραμμα ενός μικρού λιμένα πρέπει να είναι χρονικά προσαρμοσμένο στις περιβαλλοντικές του προτεραιότητες, καθώς και στους πόρους και προσωπικό που διαθέτει) Each state (or regional / local authority) should provide appropriate help to small ports in order to face aspects related to general lack of expertise, financial capacity, guidelines and tools (κάθε αρμόδια κρατική αρχή θα μπορούσε να παράσχει κατάλληλη βοήθεια στους μικρούς λιμένες ώστε να ξεπεραστούν «προβλήματα» που αφορούν σε έλλειψη προσωπικού, οικονομικών πόρων, κατευθυντήριων οδηγιών και εργαλείων) There are experts, environmental experience and knowledge that can be diffused to small ports (υπάρχει ειδικευμένο προσωπικό, εμπειρία και γνώση που μπορεί να διαχυθεί στους μικρούς λιμένες) 59 / 60
THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION!!! contact: palatzas@civil.auth.gr 60 / 60