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B =4 110 72 23 9 11 4 2. 160 B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B //

B 4 5 6/3.1. 5 9 01 27 9 1 8/206/5 071 73 8/2 0 B 9 1 5 9 01 /0 10/81. 2 6/1 1 11 D. D C 9 /89 /2. 3 810 0/; 2 9 1 4 5 6/3. 1 B C 66 6/ 10 2 165 72 C. 91 6/ 10. 12/ ; $. $ % 2 165 72 B B B B B - B? 2. 16 ;124 1> 09 2 /; 91 < 31 27 91 5 2 614 B 04 66 5 13 /2 23 91 01.> 01 162 8/> /0 5 56/1. B 1 03.> 9101 5 13 /2 0 / 9 1 724 27 5 6 1 10 5 25 ; / ; 024 1 ;61 /9 105 18 2 9 1 2/;/ 6 06/. / ;. /18/2 C 0 4 1. > 9 1. 09 1. 6/ 10 / 9 1 25 /1 B B B B B B B B B B B B FE BD 1781 1 05 11. 0 73 8/2 27 /4 39 6 ;61 / 9 1 B B BF 6/4 / B 9 1 05 11. E 82105 2. 0 2 9 1 > 61/;9 1 05 11. 72 9 1 4 1/6 B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B E < /05 6814 1 4 5 6/3. 10 C 24 6/ 1. > E C 0 73 8/2 27. /0 81 724 9 1 /1781 / 9 1 6/4 / 72 /23 0 B D C 91 /1781 1 1824 10 5 316> /5 6 1 % 1 /9 4 5 6/3. 1 /. 15 1. 1 27. /0 81 724 9 1 /1781 B B B B B 2/ 26. /05 6814 1 4 5 6/3. 10 C 24 6/ 1. > E C 0 73 8/2 27./0 81 724 9 1 /1781 / 91 6/4 / 72 /230 B 9 1 16. 0 1 21. 2 092 9 1 5 6616. 5 1 5 1. /83 6 824 5 210 C 9 /89 236. 15 101 9 1 / 5 6 1. /5 61 1 0> 014 0 / 9 1 711 03 781 6/4 / B 0 D C 9 1 5 15 1. /83 6 824 5 21 / 81010 / 4 5 6/3. 1 C 1 16/ ; 9 1 8235 6/ ; 1 11 9 1 1 0> 014 0 B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B D 16. /4 ;/ > 5 0 27 91 5 9 01 162 8/>B 9 1 91 > 8223. 16/4 /0 9 1 23.> 9 /89 2 9 1 /;9 27 9 /0 C 9 1 10 9 1 03 5 109 1 5 9 01 162 8//10 B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B ///

B B < /00/5 /2 1 72 9 1 0. / ; 1 4 2. 1 0 73 8/2 27 72 /23 0 B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B F 15 101/2 27 9 1 /1;/2 8223. 9 1 ; /. 5 9 / 9 1 824 5 61 59 01 162 8/> 56 1 B 89 5 2/0 C 89 830 C. /1781 1 5 2610 1 602 09 2 B 9 1 ; /. 5 9 1 82310 9 1 $ 1 89 5 2/ /7 9 1 201 /2 5 2/ 6/10 /9 / 9 1 1;/2 9 11 91. 10 1 5 101 B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B- 1720. // ; 724 6/ 1 0100. 25 9 23 ;9 9 1 2/;/ 72 B BE 7/8/26100 /1781 E / / 5 6 1 ;124 1>B =.. 1 21 9 1 8> 6/. /86 $. % 10 C /0 9 1 > 61/;9 1 C. /0 9 1 % 91. 1 1 8/1. > 1 1081 $ 10 62 ; 9 1 /1781 B 2 91 /5 6 1 ;124 1>C 2 6> 9 1 % 1 /0 5 101 B B B B B B B = /861 162 8//10 72 D< 6/ 1 02 3 81 /9 01573 8/2 /4 1. 1 5 1. 1 81 72 /230. B 824 5 /02 /9 9 1 1720 ;111. 62; 7/8/2 6100 /1781 /; B B- 1 160 9 / 810/ ; 823 5 610 9 1 /5 61. /56 1 1 0> 014 0 B 9 /0 /0 5 /83 66> 1 /. 1 /14 1./1 ;610 86201 2 9 1 /1781 B B F 178/6 5 /861 162 8//10 72 D< 6/ 1 02381 /9 01573 8/2 /4 1.15 1. 1 81 72. /23 0 B 9 1 026/. 6/ 1 /0 9 1 6>/86 0263/2 9 1 5 2/0 1 824 5 31. 30/; 23. > /1; 6 4 19 2. 262; >B 1 / 60 1 6 161. 0 / /; B B- B 9 /0 ;61 C 91 82356/ ; 1 11 91 / 5 6 1. /5 6 1 1 0> 014 0 /0 4 20 1 /.1 B 2 04 66 C 9 1 %. > 61/;9 / 60 1./0/ 86> 015 1. B 0 / 81010 C 9 1 1 0> 014 0 823 5 61. 9101 / 60 4 1; 1 /2 0/ ; 61 /1781 1 B B B B B B B B B 1781. /05 6814 1 72 < 5 2/ 023 81 9 1 2/;/ /9 01573 8/2 /4 1. 15 1.1 81 B 9 1 6/4 / C 9 1 9 1. 1 5 1 162;10 62; 9 1 2/;/ 6 06/./ ;. /18/2 C 0 011 72. B 86201 1 4 / /2 27 9 1 ;3 10 C 5 /83 66> C 09 2 0 9 2. /0/8 %. > 61/;9 1720 1 /0 72 E C 9 /61 26> 21 172 C 82105 2./ ; 2 9 1. /18/2 66>. 15 1.1 /1781 1 C 5 5 10 0 B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B - BD 178/6. /05 6814 1 9/02> 72 < 5 2/ 023 81 /9 01573 8/2 /4 1. 15 1. 1 81 72 /230. B 9 1 026/. 6/ 1 /0 9 1 6>/86 0263/2 9 1 5 2/0 1 824 5 31. 30/; 23. > /1; 6 4 19 2. 262; >B 1 / 60 1 6 161. 0 / /; B B- B 820 2 /14 1./1 ;610 /; B BE C 9 1 1 18 27 > /; /0 4 21 03 61 / 9 101 0.. / 56 1. /56 1./18/2 0 B /

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1.5 1 0.5 2 1.5 1 2 1.5 1 0.5 6 4 Slip velocity (m/s) 0.5 2 3 2 1 Distance (km) 4 3 2 1 15 4 3 2 1 7.5 0 7.5 15 0. ) 15 30 Distance (km) 45! " # ", )". #! " 0 ) #"! # 0 " $ % % 1 1 # * " # # #, " 9! ", 2 *. 2 % 4. 0 " # *, 0 " 0 0 ) #" ) " *# # @ @ " * " # " # #.! " " " " " " @ "!

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