A life-table metamodel to support management of data deficient species, exemplified in sturgeons and shads Electronic Supplementary Material Ivan Jarić 1,2*, Jörn Gessner 1 and Mirjana Lenhardt 3 1 Leibniz-Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, Müggelseedamm 310, 12587 Berlin, Germany 2 Institute for Multidisciplinary Research, University of Belgrade, Kneza Viseslava 1, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia 3 Institute for Biological Research, University of Belgrade, Despota Stefana 142, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed: Kneza Viseslava 1, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia, phone: +381112078477, fax: +381113055289, E-mail: jaric@igb-berlin.de; ijaric@imsi.rs; ijaric@imsi.bg.ac.rs 1
Life history parameters used for sturgeon and shad model parameterization Table S1 Life history setup combinations used for different sturgeon and shad model scenarios, based on r- and K-selected life history types (Pianka 1970; Holčik 1989; Jarić et al. 2010; Froese and Pauly 2015). Life history parameter Sturgeons Shads r-selection endpoint K-selection endpoint r-selection endpoint K-selection endpoint Longevity Min (short lifespan) Max (long lifespan) Min (short lifespan) Max (long lifespan) Age at first maturity Min (early maturity) Max (delayed maturity) Min (early maturity) Max (delayed maturity) Spawning interval Min (frequent spawning) Max (long intervals) Min (frequent spawning) Max (long intervals) Length at infinity (L ) Min (small body size) Max (large body size) / Growth coefficient (K) Max (faster growth) Min (slower growth) / Theoretical age at length zero (t 0 ) Varies randomly among scenarios (continuous uniform distribution) / Body weight / age ratio (WA) Min (small body size) Max (large body size) / Body weight / total Min (small body size) Max (large body size) / length ratio (WL) Gonadosomatic index Varies randomly among scenarios (normal / (GSI) distribution) Ovarian tissue to gonad Constant value / weight ratio (OT) Egg weight Varies randomly among scenarios (continuous uniform distribution) / Fecundity (ρ i ) / Min (lower fecundity) Max (higher fecundity) 2
Intrinsic population Max (higher population Min (lower population Max (higher population Min (lower population growth rate (r) growth rate) growth rate) growth rate) growth rate) Adult survival Min (lower survival) Max (higher survival) Min (lower survival) Max (higher survival) Subadult survival Min (lower survival) Max (higher survival) Min (lower survival) Max (higher survival) YOY survival Varies randomly among scenarios (continuous uniform distribution) Varies randomly among scenarios (continuous uniform distribution) 3
Abbreviations: S x Survival rate at age x M x - Proportion mature at age x SI x Spawning interval at age x WA - Body weight / age ratio WL - Body weight / total length ratio GSI x Mean gonadosomatic index at age x OT - Ovarian tissue to gonad weight ratio SR Sex ratio W egg Mean egg weight (mg) VB Von Bertalanffy growth equation [L x (1-e -K(x-t0) )] F Mean fecundity x Age class m x Fecundity at age x l x Cumulative survival at age x R 0 - Net reproductive rate T - Population generation time r - Intrinsic instantaneous population growth rate Life tables Equations: Simplified fecundity in sturgeons: m x = x x M x 1/SI x WA x GSI x (1-OT) x SR x (1/W egg x 10 6 ) Fecundity in sturgeons with length-at-age relationship: m x = x x M x 1/SI x WL x VB x GSI x (1-OT) x SR x (1/W egg x 10 6 ) Fecundity in shads: m x = M x 1/SI x SR x F l x = l x-1 x S x-1 R 0 = Σ l x m x T = (Σ xl x m x ) / R 0 r = ln R 0 / T 4
Life table 1 Life table of a sturgeon species at the r-selection endpoint, used in scenarios with simplified sturgeon fecundity estimation. Age S x M x SI x WA GSI x OT SR W egg x m x l x l x m x xl x m x R 0 0-1 0.00019 0 0 1 0 0.123 0.5 17 1 0 1 0 0 6.05 1-2 0.75 0 0 1 0.0399 0.123 0.5 17 2 0 0.00019 0 0 T 2-3 0.75 0 0 1 0.0633 0.123 0.5 17 3 0 0.000143 0 0 11.95 3-4 0.75 0 0 1 0.0798 0.123 0.5 17 4 0 0.000107 0 0 r 4-5 0.8 1 2 1 0.0927 0.123 0.5 17 5 5978 8.02E-05 0.479 2.396 0.15 5-6 0.8 1 2 1 0.1032 0.123 0.5 17 6 7986 6.41E-05 0.512 3.073 6-7 0.8 1 2 1 0.1121 0.123 0.5 17 7 10118 5.13E-05 0.519 3.634 7-8 0.8 1 2 1 0.1198 0.123 0.5 17 8 12357 4.1E-05 0.507 4.057 8-9 0.8 1 2 1 0.1266 0.123 0.5 17 9 14690 3.28E-05 0.482 4.341 9-10 0.8 1 2 1 0.1326 0.123 0.5 17 10 17104 2.63E-05 0.449 4.493 10-11 0.8 1 2 1 0.1381 0.123 0.5 17 11 19594 2.1E-05 0.412 4.529 11-12 0.8 1 2 1 0.1431 0.123 0.5 17 12 22151 1.68E-05 0.372 4.468 12-13 0.8 1 2 1 0.1477 0.123 0.5 17 13 24769 1.34E-05 0.333 4.330 13-14 0.8 1 2 1 0.1520 0.123 0.5 17 14 27445 1.08E-05 0.295 4.134 14-15 0.8 1 2 1 0.1560 0.123 0.5 17 15 30175 8.61E-06 0.260 3.896 15-16 0.8 1 2 1 0.1597 0.123 0.5 17 16 32953 6.89E-06 0.227 3.630 16-17 0.8 1 2 1 0.1632 0.123 0.5 17 17 35778 5.51E-06 0.197 3.350 17-18 0.8 1 2 1 0.1665 0.123 0.5 17 18 38647 4.41E-06 0.170 3.065 18-19 0.8 1 2 1 0.1696 0.123 0.5 17 19 41558 3.53E-06 0.147 2.784 19-20 0.8 1 2 1 0.1725 0.123 0.5 17 20 44507 2.82E-06 0.126 2.510 20-21 0.8 1 2 1 0.1754 0.123 0.5 17 21 47493 2.26E-06 0.107 2.250 21-22 0.8 1 2 1 0.1780 0.123 0.5 17 22 50515 1.8E-06 0.091 2.006 22-23 0.8 1 2 1 0.1806 0.123 0.5 17 23 53571 1.44E-06 0.077 1.779 23-24 0.8 1 2 1 0.1830 0.123 0.5 17 24 56659 1.16E-06 0.065 1.571 24-25 0.8 1 2 1 0.1854 0.123 0.5 17 25 59777 9.24E-07 0.055 1.381 25-26 0.8 1 2 1 0.1877 0.123 0.5 17 26 62926 7.39E-07 0.047 1.210 26-27 0.8 1 2 1 0.1898 0.123 0.5 17 27 66103 5.91E-07 0.039 1.056 27-28 0.8 1 2 1 0.1919 0.123 0.5 17 28 69308 4.73E-07 0.033 0.918 28-29 0.8 1 2 1 0.1939 0.123 0.5 17 29 72539 3.79E-07 0.027 0.796 29-30 0 1 2 1 0.1959 0.123 0.5 17 30 75796 3.03E-07 0.023 0.689 5
Life table 2 Life table of a sturgeon species at the r-selection endpoint, used in scenarios with sturgeon fecundity estimated by lengthat-age relationship. Age S x M x SI x WL GSI x OT SR W egg x m x l x l x m x xl x m x R 0 0-1 0.00019 0 0 0.13 0 0.123 0.5 17 1 0 1 0 0 4.46 1-2 0.596 0 0 0.13 0.0399 0.123 0.5 17 2 0 0.00019 0 0 T 2-3 0.596 0 0 0.13 0.0633 0.123 0.5 17 3 0 0.000113 0 0 10.02 3-4 0.596 0 0 0.13 0.0798 0.123 0.5 17 4 0 6.75E-05 0 0 r 4-5 0.8 1 2 0.13 0.0927 0.123 0.5 17 5 15345 4.02E-05 0.617 3.086 0.15 5-6 0.8 1 2 0.13 0.1032 0.123 0.5 17 6 17756 3.22E-05 0.571 3.428 VB 6-7 0.8 1 2 0.13 0.1121 0.123 0.5 17 7 19905 2.57E-05 0.512 3.587 125 x (1-7-8 0.8 1 2 0.13 0.1198 0.123 0.5 17 8 21837 2.06E-05 0.450 3.598-0.16 x (x + e 8-9 0.8 1 2 0.13 0.1266 0.123 0.5 17 9 23584 1.65E-05 0.389 3.497 4.72) ) 9-10 0.8 1 2 0.13 0.1326 0.123 0.5 17 10 25170 1.32E-05 0.332 3.318 10-11 0.8 1 2 0.13 0.1381 0.123 0.5 17 11 26616 1.05E-05 0.281 3.087 11-12 0.8 1 2 0.13 0.1431 0.123 0.5 17 12 27939 8.44E-06 0.236 2.828 12-13 0.8 1 2 0.13 0.1477 0.123 0.5 17 13 29153 6.75E-06 0.197 2.558 13-14 0.8 1 2 0.13 0.1520 0.123 0.5 17 14 30270 5.4E-06 0.163 2.288 14-15 0.8 1 2 0.13 0.1560 0.123 0.5 17 15 31302 4.32E-06 0.135 2.028 15-16 0.8 1 2 0.13 0.1597 0.123 0.5 17 16 32258 3.46E-06 0.111 1.783 16-17 0.8 1 2 0.13 0.1632 0.123 0.5 17 17 33146 2.76E-06 0.092 1.558 17-18 0.8 1 2 0.13 0.1665 0.123 0.5 17 18 33974 2.21E-06 0.075 1.352 18-19 0.8 1 2 0.13 0.1696 0.123 0.5 17 19 34747 1.77E-06 0.061 1.168 19-20 0.8 1 2 0.13 0.1725 0.123 0.5 17 20 35472 1.42E-06 0.050 1.004 20-21 0.8 1 2 0.13 0.1754 0.123 0.5 17 21 36154 1.13E-06 0.041 0.860 21-22 0.8 1 2 0.13 0.1780 0.123 0.5 17 22 36796 9.06E-07 0.033 0.733 22-23 0.8 1 2 0.13 0.1806 0.123 0.5 17 23 37402 7.25E-07 0.027 0.623 23-24 0.8 1 2 0.13 0.1830 0.123 0.5 17 24 37977 5.8E-07 0.022 0.528 24-25 0.8 1 2 0.13 0.1854 0.123 0.5 17 25 38523 4.64E-07 0.018 0.447 25-26 0.8 1 2 0.13 0.1877 0.123 0.5 17 26 39042 3.71E-07 0.014 0.377 26-27 0.8 1 2 0.13 0.1898 0.123 0.5 17 27 39537 2.97E-07 0.012 0.317 27-28 0.8 1 2 0.13 0.1919 0.123 0.5 17 28 40010 2.37E-07 0.010 0.266 28-29 0.8 1 2 0.13 0.1939 0.123 0.5 17 29 40463 1.9E-07 0.008 0.223 29-30 0 1 2 0.13 0.1959 0.123 0.5 17 30 40898 1.52E-07 0.006 0.186 6
Life table 3 Life table of a sturgeon species at the K-selection endpoint, used in scenarios with simplified sturgeon fecundity estimation. Age S x M x SI x WA GSI x OT SR W egg x m x l x l x m x xl x m x R 0 0-1 0.00019 0 0 10 0 0.123 0.5 17 1 0 1 0 0 12.61 1-2 0.803 0 0 10 0.0284 0.123 0.5 17 2 0 0.00019 0 0 T 2-3 0.803 0 0 10 0.0450 0.123 0.5 17 3 0 0.000153 0 0 50.63 3-4 0.803 0 0 10 0.0567 0.123 0.5 17 4 0 0.000123 0 0 r 4-5 0.803 0 0 10 0.0659 0.123 0.5 17 5 0 9.84E-05 0 0 0.05 5-6 0.803 0 0 10 0.0733 0.123 0.5 17 6 0 7.9E-05 0 0 6-7 0.803 0 0 10 0.0796 0.123 0.5 17 7 0 6.34E-05 0 0 7-8 0.803 0 0 10 0.0851 0.123 0.5 17 8 0 5.09E-05 0 0 8-9 0.803 0 0 10 0.0899 0.123 0.5 17 9 0 4.09E-05 0 0 9-10 0.803 0 0 10 0.0942 0.123 0.5 17 10 0 3.28E-05 0 0 10-11 0.803 0 0 10 0.0981 0.123 0.5 17 11 0 2.64E-05 0 0 11-12 0.803 0 0 10 0.1017 0.123 0.5 17 12 0 2.12E-05 0 0 12-13 0.803 0 0 10 0.1050 0.123 0.5 17 13 0 1.7E-05 0 0 13-14 0.803 0 0 10 0.1080 0.123 0.5 17 14 0 1.37E-05 0 0 14-15 0.803 0 0 10 0.1108 0.123 0.5 17 15 0 1.1E-05 0 0 15-16 0.803 0 0 10 0.1135 0.123 0.5 17 16 0 8.81E-06 0 0 16-17 0.803 0 0 10 0.1159 0.123 0.5 17 17 0 7.07E-06 0 0 17-18 0.803 0 0 10 0.1183 0.123 0.5 17 18 0 5.68E-06 0 0 18-19 0.803 0 0 10 0.1205 0.123 0.5 17 19 0 4.56E-06 0 0 19-20 0.803 0 0 10 0.1226 0.123 0.5 17 20 0 3.66E-06 0 0 20-21 0.803 0 0 10 0.1246 0.123 0.5 17 21 0 2.94E-06 0 0 21-22 0.95 1 6 10 0.1265 0.123 0.5 17 22 119625 2.36E-06 0.282 6.213 22-23 0.95 1 6 10 0.1283 0.123 0.5 17 23 126861 2.24E-06 0.285 6.544 23-24 0.95 1 6 10 0.1300 0.123 0.5 17 24 134174 2.13E-06 0.286 6.861 115-116 0.95 1 6 10 0.1945 0.123 0.5 17 116 970009 1.9E-08 0.018 2.140 116-117 0.95 1 6 10 0.1949 0.123 0.5 17 117 980137 1.81E-08 0.018 2.071 117-118 0.95 1 6 10 0.1952 0.123 0.5 17 118 990281 1.72E-08 0.017 2.005 118-119 0.95 1 6 10 0.1956 0.123 0.5 17 119 1000440 1.63E-08 0.016 1.941 119-120 0 1 6 10 0.1959 0.123 0.5 17 120 1010614 1.55E-08 0.016 1.878 7
Life table 4 Life table of a sturgeon species at the K-selection endpoint, used in scenarios with sturgeon fecundity estimated by length-at-age relationship. Age S x M x SI x WL GSI x OT SR W egg x m x l x l x m x xl x m x R 0 0-1 0.00019 0 0 2 0 0.123 0.5 17 1 0 1 0 0 10.94 1-2 0.794 0 0 2 0.0284 0.123 0.5 17 2 0 0.00019 0 0 T 2-3 0.794 0 0 2 0.0450 0.123 0.5 17 3 0 0.000151 0 0 47.77 3-4 0.794 0 0 2 0.0567 0.123 0.5 17 4 0 0.00012 0 0 r 4-5 0.794 0 0 2 0.0659 0.123 0.5 17 5 0 9.51E-05 0 0 0.05 5-6 0.794 0 0 2 0.0733 0.123 0.5 17 6 0 7.55E-05 0 0 VB 6-7 0.794 0 0 2 0.0796 0.123 0.5 17 7 0 6E-05 0 0 655 x (1-7-8 0.794 0 0 2 0.0851 0.123 0.5 17 8 0 4.76E-05 0 0-0.0095 x (x + e 8-9 0.794 0 0 2 0.0899 0.123 0.5 17 9 0 3.78E-05 0 0 4.72) ) 9-10 0.794 0 0 2 0.0942 0.123 0.5 17 10 0 3E-05 0 0 10-11 0.794 0 0 2 0.0981 0.123 0.5 17 11 0 2.38E-05 0 0 11-12 0.794 0 0 2 0.1017 0.123 0.5 17 12 0 1.89E-05 0 0 12-13 0.794 0 0 2 0.1050 0.123 0.5 17 13 0 1.5E-05 0 0 13-14 0.794 0 0 2 0.1080 0.123 0.5 17 14 0 1.19E-05 0 0 14-15 0.794 0 0 2 0.1108 0.123 0.5 17 15 0 9.47E-06 0 0 15-16 0.794 0 0 2 0.1135 0.123 0.5 17 16 0 7.52E-06 0 0 16-17 0.794 0 0 2 0.1159 0.123 0.5 17 17 0 5.97E-06 0 0 17-18 0.794 0 0 2 0.1183 0.123 0.5 17 18 0 4.74E-06 0 0 18-19 0.794 0 0 2 0.1205 0.123 0.5 17 19 0 3.76E-06 0 0 19-20 0.794 0 0 2 0.1226 0.123 0.5 17 20 0 2.99E-06 0 0 20-21 0.794 0 0 2 0.1246 0.123 0.5 17 21 0 2.37E-06 0 0 21-22 0.95 1 6 2 0.1265 0.123 0.5 17 22 159690 1.88E-06 0.301 6.620 22-23 0.95 1 6 2 0.1283 0.123 0.5 17 23 167286 1.79E-06 0.299 6.888 23-24 0.95 1 6 2 0.1300 0.123 0.5 17 24 174878 1.7E-06 0.297 7.138 115-116 0.95 1 6 2 0.1945 0.123 0.5 17 116 747486 1.52E-08 0.011 1.316 116-117 0.95 1 6 2 0.1949 0.123 0.5 17 117 752132 1.44E-08 0.011 1.269 117-118 0.95 1 6 2 0.1952 0.123 0.5 17 118 756746 1.37E-08 0.010 1.223 118-119 0.95 1 6 2 0.1956 0.123 0.5 17 119 761330 1.3E-08 0.010 1.179 119-120 0 1 6 2 0.1959 0.123 0.5 17 120 765884 1.24E-08 0.009 1.136 8
Life table 5 Life table of a shad species at the r-selection endpoint. Age S x M x SI x F SR x m x l x l x m x xl x m x R 0 0-1 0.000066 0 0 0 0.5 1 0 1 0 0 3.57 1-2 0.4 1 1.5 100,000 0.5 2 33333 0.000066 2.2 4.4 T 2-3 0.4 1 1.5 100,000 0.5 3 33333 2.64E-05 0.88 2.64 2.56 3-4 0.4 1 1.5 100,000 0.5 4 33333 1.06E-05 0.352 1.408 r 4-5 0.4 1 1.5 100,000 0.5 5 33333 4.22E-06 0.141 0.704 0.50 9
Life table 6 Life table of a shad species at the K-selection endpoint. Age S x M x SI x F SR x m x l x l x m x xl x m x R 0 0-1 0.00011 0 0 0 0.5 1 0 1 0 0 3.19 1-2 0.595 0 0 0 0.5 2 0 0.00011 0 0 T 2-3 0.595 0 0 0 0.5 3 0 6.55E-05 0 0 7.21 3-4 0.595 0 0 0 0.5 4 0 3.89E-05 0 0 r 4-5 0.7 1 3 250,000 0.5 5 41667 2.32E-05 0.965 4.827 0.16 5-6 0.7 1 3 250,000 0.5 6 41667 1.62E-05 0.676 4.055 6-7 0.7 1 3 250,000 0.5 7 41667 1.14E-05 0.473 3.312 7-8 0.7 1 3 250,000 0.5 8 41667 7.95E-06 0.331 2.649 8-9 0.7 1 3 250,000 0.5 9 41667 5.56E-06 0.232 2.086 9-10 0.7 1 3 250,000 0.5 10 41667 3.89E-06 0.162 1.623 10-11 0.7 1 3 250,000 0.5 11 41667 2.73E-06 0.114 1.249 11-12 0.7 1 3 250,000 0.5 12 41667 1.91E-06 0.080 0.954 12-13 0.7 1 3 250,000 0.5 13 41667 1.34E-06 0.056 0.724 13-14 0.7 1 3 250,000 0.5 14 41667 9.35E-07 0.039 0.545 14-15 0.7 1 3 250,000 0.5 15 41667 6.55E-07 0.027 0.409 15-16 0.7 1 3 250,000 0.5 16 41667 4.58E-07 0.019 0.305 16-17 0 1 3 250,000 0.5 17 41667 3.21E-07 0.013 0.227 10
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