,.,, ,,. .,. ,,, 15/03/2011

( : 302) :. :.. 2011

,.,,,,..,.,,,. 15/03/2011 2

Abstract The purpose of this thesis is to study the framework of Basel II, given the unprecedented and adverse economic conditions experienced by our country. Extensive reference is made to the function of banks, bank lending, the methods that apply to credit institutions to assess the creditworthiness of their customers and, finally, the measures taken in view of non performing loans. For the preparation of this thesis, I cooperated with Dr. Kosmidou Kyriaki, ssistant Professor, my supervisor, to which I am particularly grateful for her guidance throughout the thesis development. I would like to thank my family who always support physically as well as emotionally my studies and my progress and also, Eleni, for the moral support that she offered during the postgraduate program. Tzivani Maria, 15/03/2011 3

... 2... 4... 7 1.... 9 1.1... 9 1.1.1... 9 1.1.2... 10 1.1.3... 11 1.2... 12 1.2.1... 12 1.2.2... 14 1.2.3... 16 1.2.4... 19 1.3... 20 1.3.1... 20 1.3.2... 21 1.3.3... 22 1.3.4... 24 2.... 27 2.1... 27 2.1.1 ( )... 29 2.1.2... 29 2.1.3,... 31 2.1.4 CEBS... 31 2.2... 32 2.3... 34 2.3.1... 34 2.3.2... 35 4

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ΕΤΕ 15,00% Δείκτης NPL 10,00% 5,00% 0,00% Ιουν-10 Ιουλ-10 Αυγ-10 Σεπ-10 Αποτελέσματα Όμιλος Finansbank ΝΑ Ευρώπη 4.1, NPL, 991. 9 2010 ( 343. ) 735. 9 2009 3,3., 4,5%. 63%,. ALPHA BANK Alpha Bank 1879. 1999 51% 2000 Alpha T..,,,., NPL. 6/2010 9/2010 NPL 6,90% 7,50% 4.2, NPL Alpha Bank 108

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4%, 3% 2009. 53%,,, 133%,,,., Chief Financial Officer Alpha Bank, 2012., Dow Jones Newswires, " 2011, 2012". EFG EUROBANK EFG Eurobank Ergasias 1990.,., Eurobank EFG 10 86,5. 1.600,,., NPL. 9/2009 6/2010 9/2010 NPL 6,40% 8,10% 9,00% 4.3, NPL Efg Eurobank (NPL s) 9,0%, 9 2010, 8,10%.,, 110

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. ΤΡΑΠΕΖΑ ΚΥΠΡΟΥ Δείκτης NPL 7,20% 7,00% 6,80% 6,60% 6,40% 6,20% 6,00% 5,80% 5,60% Ιουν-10 Ιουλ-10 Αυγ-10 Σεπ-10 Αποτελέσματα Όμιλος Κύπρος Ελλάδα 4.5, NPL,,, ( 248.), ( 2010 345. ) ( 87%).,, 1,11% 2010 ( 2009: 0,96%)., 55% 30 2010. 118% (105% ). 115

MARFIN BANK 11. Marfin Bank, 95%. Marfin Bank (2 /2011) 488,2.., NPL. 12/2009 6/2010 9/2010 NPL 6,10% 6,60% 7,10% 4.6, NPL Marfin Bank (NPLs) 7,1%, 9 2010, 6,6%., 9 2010, 7,5%, 5,6% 10,0% (,,,,,,, ). 2009 6,1% 6,2%, 5,3%, 8%.. MARFIN ΛΑΪΚΗ BANK Δείκτης NPL 12,00% 10,00% 8,00% 6,00% 4,00% Όμιλος Ελλάδα Κύπρος Λοιπές 2,00% 0,00% Δεκ-09 Μαρ-10 Ιουν-10 Σεπ-10 Αποτελέσματα 4.6, NPL Marfin Bank 116

NPL., NPL. 500. 9 2009 345. 9 2010, 31%., 98. 2010 124..,,. 60,9. 2010, 12%,. 9 2010, 10%, 201,4.., 30.09.2010, 20 70 51,2%,,. 89 2010 102,.,, 117

. ATE BANK 1929.,,. 80. 1991.. 2000....., NPL. 12/2009 6/2010 9/2010 NPL 7,60% 9,60% 10,60% 4.7, NPL Bank (NPLs) 10,6% 2010 9,6%, 7,6%.,, 1 10 90., 2010 182,6., 212,1. 118

.. 9/2009 12/2009 3/2010 6/2010 9/2010 NPL,. 120,8 258,0 152,3 212,1 182,6 4.8, NPL Bank ( ATE BANK, NPL ). ATE BANK Σε εκατ. 300 250 200 150 100 50 0 Σεπ-09 Δεκ-09 Μαρ-10 Ιουν-10 Σεπ-10 Αποτελέσματα 4.7, NPL Bank, NPL ATE Bank 4 2009. 2010, NPL 152,3., 258,0. 12 2009. 2010 NPL 212,1., 9 NPL, 182,6.. 119

65,9%, 9 2010 61,6% 9 /2009,.,,, :. T 1900. 2002 4, 2006,....,., NPL. 12/2009 6/2010 9/2010 NPL 1,23% 1,4% 1,44% 4.9, NPL 1,44%, 9 2010, 1,4% 1,23% 2009,. 1,50% Ταχυδρομικό Ταμιευτήριο Δείκτης NPL 1,40% 1,30% 1,20% 1,10% Δεκ-09 Μαρ-10 Ιουν-10 Σεπ-10 Αποτελέσματα 4.8, NPL 120

, ( ). 33,75., 27,72. 2009, 21,73%..,,. GENIKI BANK GENIKI Bank, 2004, «Societe Generale», 82, 163.000, 30. «Societe Generale»,. Geniki Bank, 9 2010, 312,7., 31/12/09 417,1.. 9,, 74,8%. 30 2010, 1,1.,, ( ) 4,4.., 25,1% 90. 121

, NPL Geniki Bank, NPL,. Geniki Bank 582,8., 13,25%.,,. 67,1% 9 2010, 61,88%., Geniki Bank 9 2010, 64,64%, 30 2010 42,8%. 16,25%. EMPORIKI BANK 1907, 1909. 2000 Credit Agricole, 6,7% 91%., 340 7.600. 122

NPL Emporiki Bank 10,80%, (10,60%).,, 18% 2010., Emporiki Bank 2010 259,1., 9 2010 826,1., 58,9%., 4%,, Geniki Bank (7,88%). Emporiki Bank, Credit Agricole,, 2008 2010,, 1,4.,,, 2010,,.\ 123

4.3.4,,. NPL 8 - FTSE XA 20, 20,. 12,00% FTSE XA 20 10,00% 8,00% Δείκτης NPL 6,00% 4,00% 2,00% ΕΘΝΙΚΗ ΤΡΑΠΕΖΑ ΤΗΣ ΕΛΛΑΔΟΣ ALPHA BANK EFG EUROBANK ΤΡΑΠΕΖΑ ΠΕΙΡΑΙΩΣ ΤΡΑΠΕΖΑ ΚΥΠΡΟΥ MARFIN ΛΑΪΚΗ BANK ATE BANK 0,00% Ιουν-10 Ιουλ-10 Αυγ-10 Σεπ-10 Αποτελέσματα TΑΧΥΔΡΟΜΙΚΟ ΤΑΜΙΕΥΤΗΡΙΟ 4.9, NPL, : 8 9 /2010 2010, 124

. FTSE/ASE-20, NPL,. 6/2010 9/2010 1. 1. 2. 2. 3. 3. 4. Marfin Bank 4. Marfin Bank 5. Alpha Bank 5. Alpha Bank 6. 6. 7. Efg Eurobank 7. Efg Eurobank 8. ATE Bank 8. ATE Bank 4.10 FTSE/ASE-20 2010, 8 FTSE/ASE-20 8% 9 2010, 7,3% 6,6%., 2010 8% ( 1,61., 2,21 2010). 9% 2010, 7,7% 2009 5% 2008. 125

,.,,.,,, NPL, 9 2010 ( 6 2010 ). ( ),.,, 2010 289., EFG Eurobank, 462.. bank, 200., 97.. Merit, 13 ( Marfin Marfin Popular) 5,06., 36,5% 9 2009 6,2%. (www.merit.gr, 2011) 126

, 1%.,. ( 4,5%). 2 (Emporiki Bank, Geniki Bank) 11.,.,,.,.. 9 2009, 2009.,,,, 127

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1..,,,..,, 2008. 2..,,,,, 1999. 3..,,,,,, 2008. 4.., : International Financial Reporting Standarts,,,, 2007. 5..,,,,, 2000. 6....,,.,, 2006. 7..,,.,, 2009. 8...,,.,, 2009. 9.. -., &,...,, 2006. 10..,,. Finance Invest, 1999. 11..., : Asset Liability Management,., 2003 12..,,, 2009 13.., / &,. Ipirotiki Publications,, 1997. 14..,,.,, 2000. 15..,,,,, 2000. 132

16.., &, &,,, 2002. 17..,,., 1995. 18.. &.,,., 2004. 19..,,, 2005-2006. 20.., :,, 2004. 21., «2008-2009»,, 16 2009. 22.,,, 25 2009. 23. Economia,, :, 18 2008. 24.,,, 15 2010. 25..,,...,. 35, 10-11-12/2003 26.. 27.. 28..,, 6-7 2009. 29.. 30. Efg Eurobank. 31.. 32. Alpha Bank. 133

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20. www.greekmoney.gr 21. www.hba.gr 22. www.hcmc.gr 23. www.icap.gr 24. www.imerisia.gr 25. www.in.gr 26. www.isotimia.gr 27. www.kathimerini.gr 28. www.kerdos.gr 29. www.kyprousecurities.gr 30. www.marfinbank.com 31. www.merit.gr 32. www.naftemporiki.gr 33. www.nbg.gr 34. www.otoe.gr 35. www.piraeusbank.gr 36. www.realestatenews.gr 37. www.soel.gr 38. www.symboulos.gr 39. www.taxheaven.gr 40. www.tiresias.gr 41. www.tovima.gr 42. www.ttbank.gr 43. http://el.wikipedia.org 44. http://openarchives.gr 45. http://webcache.googleusercontent.com 135

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140