3N N 1N 1S S 3N N 1N 1S S 3S 14E 16E 18 16W 14W 1W 1W 8W 3S 14E 16E 18 16W 14W 1W 1W 8W 3N N 1N 1S S (a) 3N N 1N 1S S (f) 3S 14E 16E 18 16W 14W 1W 1W 8W 3S 14E 16E 18 16W 14W 1W 1W 8W 3N N 1N 1S S (b) 3N N 1N 1S S (g) 3S 14E 16E 18 16W 14W 1W 1W 8W 3S 14E 16E 18 16W 14W 1W 1W 8W 3N N 1N 1S S (c) 3N N 1N 1S S (h) 3S 14E 16E 18 16W 14W 1W 1W 8W 3S 14E 16E 18 16W 14W 1W 1W 8W 3N N 1N 1S S (d) 3N N 1N 1S S (i) 3S 14E 16E 18 16W 14W 1W 1W 8W 3S 14E 16E 18 16W 14W 1W 1W 8W (e) (j) Figure 9.1 Copyright 11 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
3.5 3.5 1.5 1.5 5 4 3 1 1 3 4 5 Temperature (deg C) (a) 1.8 1.6 1.4 1. 1.8.6.4. 5 4 3 1 1 3 4 5 Temperature (deg C) (b) Figure 9. Copyright 11 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
3N N 1N 1S S 3N N 1N 1S S 3S 14E 16E 18 16W 14W 1W 1W 8W 3S 14E 16E 18 16W 14W 1W 1W 8W 3N N 1N 1S S (a) 3N N 1N 1S S (f) 3S 14E 16E 18 16W 14W 1W 1W 8W 3S 14E 16E 18 16W 14W 1W 1W 8W 3N N 1N 1S S (b) 3N N 1N 1S S (g) 3S 14E 16E 18 16W 14W 1W 1W 8W 3S 14E 16E 18 16W 14W 1W 1W 8W 3N N 1N 1S S (c) 3N N 1N 1S S (h) 5 3S 14E 16E 18 16W 14W 1W 1W 8W 3S 14E 16E 18 16W 14W 1W 1W 8W 5 3N N 1N 1S S (d) 3N N 1N 1S S (i) 3S 14E 16E 18 16W 14W 1W 1W 8W 3S 14E 16E 18 16W 14W 1W 1W 8W (e) (j) Figure 9.3 Copyright 11 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
.7.6.5.4.3..1 5 4 3 1 1 3 4 5 Temperature (deg C) (a).5.45.4.35.3.5..15.1.5 5 4 3 1 1 3 4 5 Temperature (deg C) (b) Figure 9.4 Copyright 11 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
3N N 1N 1S S 3S Cool State, Prob =.7 14E 16E 18 16W 14W 1W 1W 8W (a) 3N N 1N 1S S 3S 14E 16E Cool State, Prob =.4 18 16W 14W 1W 1W 8W (e) 3N N 1N 1S S 3S 3N N 1N 1S S 3S 3N N 1N 1S S 3S Normal State, Prob =.3 14E 16E 18 16W 14W 1W 1W 8W (b) Warm State, Prob =.97 14E 16E 18 16W 14W 1W 1W 8W (c) Probability weighted combination 14E 16E 18 16W 14W 1W 1W 8W (d) 3N N 1N 1S S 3S 3N N 1N 1S S 3S 3N N 1N 1S S 3S Normal State, Prob =.74 14E 16E 18 16W 14W 1W 1W 8W (f) Warm State, Prob =.17 14E 16E 18 16W 14W 1W 1W 8W (g) Probability weighted combination 14E 16E 18 16W 14W 1W 1W 8W (h) Figure 9.5 Copyright 11 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
AOD July 1 8, 1 ( globe) 1 5 5 4 3 1 1 15 1 5 5 1 15 Study region 1 1 8 6 4 4 3 1 1 AOD July 1 8, 1 ( study region ) 1 1 8 6 4.8.6.4...4.6.8 1 Figure 9.6 Copyright 11 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
4 Observed log(aod) ( t = 1) 4 Observed log(aod) ( t = ) 1 1 1 8 6 4 4 Observed log(aod) ( t = 3 ) 1 1 8 6 4 4 Observed log(aod) ( t = 5 ) 1 1 8 6 4 1 1 8 6 4 4 Observed log(aod) ( t = 4 ) 1 1 8 6 4 4 Observed log(aod) ( t = 6 ) 1 1 8 6 4.5.5 1 1.5.5 3 3.5 Figure 9.7 Copyright 11 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
.7.6.5.4 γ.3..1 1 1.414.361.884 3 h Figure 9.8 Copyright 11 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
4 3 1 1 Observed log(aod) 1 1 8 6 4 1 1 3 4 3 1 1 OLS trend 1 1 8 6 4 1 1 3 4 3 1 1 FRF predictions 1 1 8 6 4 1 1 3 4 3 1 1 FRF standard errors 1 1 8 6 4..19.18.17.16.15 Figure 9.9 Copyright 11 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
1986 199 1998 1987 1993 1999 1988 1994 1989 1995 1 199 1996 1991 1997 3 6 5 79 1 13 Figure 9.1 Copyright 11 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
1986 1987 1988 1989 199 1991 199 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 81 65 48 3 16 1998 1999 1 3 Figure 9.11 Copyright 11 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 11 1 13 14 14 11 85 57 9.8 15 16 17 18 19 Figure 9.1 Copyright 11 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
1 1 8 Count 6 4 1985 199 1995 5 1 15 Year 1 1 8 Count 6 4 1985 199 1995 5 1 15 Year Figure 9.13 Copyright 11 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
.7.6.4.3. Figure 9.14 Copyright 11 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
45 N 4 N 35 N 3 N hr 45 N 4 N 35 N 3 N 6hr 45 N 4 N 35 N 3 N 1hr 45 N 4 N 35 N 3 N 18hr E 1 E E 3 E 1m/s Figure 9.15 Copyright 11 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
BHM, 1 realizations and post. mean, //5 18:, itime = 34, MedBhm_real_AE31K_uv_fmt 46 N 44 N 4 N 4 N 38 N 36 N 5 W 5 1 E 15 E E 1m/s Figure 9.16 Copyright 11 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
45 N 35 N 45 N E 1 E E 3 E E 1 E E 3 E 35 N 45 N E 1 E E 3 E E 1 E E 3 E 35 N 45 N E 1 E E 3 E E 1 E E 3 E 35 N 6 4 4.5 1 1.5 1 6 (Nm 3 ) 1 6 (Nm 3 ) Figure 9.17 Copyright 11 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
46 N 44 N 4 N 4 N 38 N 36 N 34 N 3 N a) 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 5 W 5 E 1 E 15 E E 5 E 3 E 35 E 46 N 44 N 4 N 4 N 38 N 36 N 34 N b) 3 N.4.35.3.5..15.1.5 5 W 5 E 1 E 15 E E 5 E 3 E 35 E Figure 9.18 Copyright 11 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
46 N 44 N 4 N 4 N 38 N 36 N 34 N 3 N a) 15 1 9 6 3 3 6 9 1 15 18 1 5 W 5 E 1 E 15 E E 5 E 3 E 35 E 46 N 44 N 4 N 4 N 38 N 36 N 34 N b) 3 N.5.5 1.75 1.5 1.5 1.75.5.5 5 W 5 E 1 E 15 E E 5 E 3 E 35 E Figure 9.19 Copyright 11 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.